scholarly journals Chemotropic guidance facilitates axonal regeneration and synapse formation after spinal cord injury

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1106-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Taylor Alto ◽  
Leif A Havton ◽  
James M Conner ◽  
Edmund R Hollis II ◽  
Armin Blesch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Synapse Formation ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Descending propriospinal neurons mediate restoration of locomotor function following spinal cord injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katelyn N. Benthall ◽  
Ryan A. Hough ◽  
Andrew D. McClellan
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Central Pattern Generators ◽  
Burst Activity ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Spinal Lesions ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Indirect Activation

Following spinal cord injury (SCI) in the lamprey, there is virtually complete recovery of locomotion within a few weeks, but interestingly, axonal regeneration of reticulospinal (RS) neurons is mostly limited to short distances caudal to the injury site. To explain this situation, we hypothesize that descending propriospinal (PS) neurons relay descending drive from RS neurons to indirectly activate spinal central pattern generators (CPGs). In the present study, the contributions of PS neurons to locomotor recovery were tested in the lamprey following SCI. First, long RS neuron projections were interrupted by staggered spinal hemitransections on the right side at 10% body length (BL; normalized from the tip of the oral hood) and on the left side at 30% BL. For acute recovery conditions (≤1 wk) and before axonal regeneration, swimming muscle burst activity was relatively normal, but with some deficits in coordination. Second, lampreys received two spaced complete spinal transections, one at 10% BL and one at 30% BL, to interrupt long-axon RS neuron projections. At short recovery times (3–5 wk), RS and PS neurons will have regenerated their axons for short distances and potentially established a polysynaptic descending command pathway. At these short recovery times, swimming muscle burst activity had only minor coordination deficits. A computer model that incorporated either of the two spinal lesions could mimic many aspects of the experimental data. In conclusion, descending PS neurons are a viable mechanism for indirect activation of spinal locomotor CPGs, although there can be coordination deficits of locomotor activity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In the lamprey following spinal lesion-mediated interruption of long axonal projections of reticulospinal (RS) neurons, sensory stimulation still elicited relatively normal locomotor muscle burst activity, but with some coordination deficits. Computer models incorporating the spinal lesions could mimic many aspects of the experimental results. Thus, after disruption of long-axon projections from RS neurons in the lamprey, descending propriospinal (PS) neurons appear to be a viable compensatory mechanism for indirect activation of spinal locomotor networks.

Enhanced axonal regeneration by transplanted Wnt3a-secreting human mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model of spinal cord injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 159 (5) ◽  
pp. 947-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Kwang Seo ◽  
Jeong Hoon Kim ◽  
Joongkee Min ◽  
Hyung Ho Yoon ◽  
Eun-Sil Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Reduction of EphA4 receptor expression after spinal cord injury does not induce axonal regeneration or return of tcMMEP response

2007 ◽  
Vol 418 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillian Cruz-Orengo ◽  
Johnny D. Figueroa ◽  
Aranza Torrado ◽  
Anabel Puig ◽  
Scott R. Whittemore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Cord Injury

DHAM-BMSC Matrix Promotes Axonal Regeneration and Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury in Adult Rats

2009 ◽  
pp. 110306202455053
Author(s):  
Hongsheng Liang ◽  
Peng Liang ◽  
Ye Xu ◽  
Jianing Wu ◽  
Tao Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Cord Injury
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document