scholarly journals The abundant marine bacterium Pelagibacter simultaneously catabolizes dimethylsulfoniopropionate to the gases dimethyl sulfide and methanethiol

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Sun ◽  
Jonathan D. Todd ◽  
J. Cameron Thrash ◽  
Yanping Qian ◽  
Michael C. Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide

Chemotactic responses of Vibrio alginolyticus to algal extracellular products

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 964-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy D. Sjoblad ◽  
Ralph Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Vibrio Alginolyticus ◽  
Peak Response ◽  
Extracellular Products

A capillary assay was used to evaluate the chemotactic responses of Vibrio alginolyticus to three common algal extracellular products. Acrylate and glycolate attracted the motile marine bacterium. The peak response occurred with 10−2 M of each chemical. Acrylic and glycolic acid also attracted V. alginolyticus, with the peak response occurring at 5 × 10−4 M of each chemical. Higher concentrations of the organic acids resulted in a decreased response. The bacteria also displayed positive chemotaxis to dimethyl sulfide.

scholarly journals The dddP gene of Roseovarius nubinhibens encodes a novel lyase that cleaves dimethylsulfoniopropionate into acrylate plus dimethyl sulfide

Microbiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 156 (6) ◽  
pp. 1900-1906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Kirkwood ◽  
Nick E. Le Brun ◽  
Jonathan D. Todd ◽  
Andrew W. B. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Metal Chelators ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Metal Cofactor ◽  
Metal Cofactors ◽  
Active Site Region

The cloned dddP gene of the marine bacterium Roseovarius nubinhibens allows Escherichia coli to form the volatile dimethyl sulfide (DMS) from dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), an abundant anti-stress compatible solute made by many marine plankton and macroalgae. Using purified DddP, we show here that this enzyme is a DMSP lyase that cleaves DMSP to DMS plus acrylate. DddP forms a functional homodimeric enzyme, has a pH optimum of 6.0 and was a K m of ∼14 mM for the DMSP substrate. DddP belongs to the M24B family of peptidases, some members of which have metal cofactors. However, the metal chelators EDTA and bipyridyl did not affect DddP activity in vitro and the as-isolated enzyme did not contain metal ions. Thus, DddP resembles those members of the M24B family, such as creatinase, which also act on a non-peptide substrate and have no metal cofactor. Site-directed mutagenesis of the active-site region of DddP completely abolished its activity. Another enzyme, termed DddL, which occurs in other alphaproteobacteria, had also been shown to generate DMS plus acrylate from DMSP. However, DddL and DddP have no sequence similarity to each other, so DddP represents a second, wholly different class of DMSP lyase.

Erratum: Corrigendum: The abundant marine bacterium Pelagibacter simultaneously catabolizes dimethylsulfoniopropionate to the gases dimethyl sulfide and methanethiol

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Sun ◽  
Jonathan D. Todd ◽  
J. Cameron Thrash ◽  
Yanping Qian ◽  
Michael C. Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide

TEM study of a biofilm on copper corrosion

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
W. A. Chiou ◽  
N. Kohyama ◽  
B. Little ◽  
P. Wagner ◽  
M. Meshii
Keyword(s):  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Natural Seawater ◽  
Copper Corrosion ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Copper Tolerant

The corrosion of copper and copper alloys in a marine environment is of great concern because of their widespread use in heat exchangers and steam condensers in which natural seawater is the coolant. It has become increasingly evident that microorganisms play an important role in the corrosion of a number of metals and alloys under a variety of environments. For the past 15 years the use of SEM has proven to be useful in studying biofilms and spatial relationships between bacteria and localized corrosion of metals. Little information, however, has been obtained using TEM capitalizing on its higher spacial resolution and the transmission observation of interfaces. The research presented herein is the first step of this new approach in studying the corrosion with biological influence in pure copper.Commercially produced copper (Cu, 99%) foils of approximately 120 μm thick exposed to a copper-tolerant marine bacterium, Oceanospirillum, and an abiotic culture medium were subsampled (1 cm × 1 cm) for this study along with unexposed control samples.

Interactive toxic effects of agrochemicals on aquatic organisms

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kungolos ◽  
P. Samaras ◽  
A. M. Kipopoulou ◽  
A. Zoumboulis ◽  
G. P. Sakellaropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Selenastrum Capricornutum ◽  
Toxic Compound

The effects of three common agrochemicals, lindane, methyl parathion and atrazine, on crustacean Daphnia magna, alga Selenastrum capricornutum and marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri were investigated in this study. Methyl parathion was the most toxic compound towards all three organisms, while lindane was more toxic to Daphnia magna and Vibrio fischeri than atrazine, and atrazine was more toxic to Selenastrum capricornutum than lindane. Among the three aquatic organisms, Selenastrum capricornutum was most sensitive in detecting lindane and atrazine toxicity, while Daphnia magna was most sensitive in detecting methyl parathion toxicity. The interactive effects of the pesticides were also investigated. The interactive effect between lindane and methyl parathion on survival of Daphnia magna was synergistic, while the ones between lindane and atrazine and between methyl parathion and atrazine were generally additive. The interactive effect of the three pesticides applied together on Daphnia magna was synergistic. The interactive effect of the three pesticides on the growth of Selenastrum capricornutum was antagonistic with few cases of addition, while the effect of all the three pairs of pesticides on algal growth was also antagonistic. The interactive effect of lindane and methyl parathion on Vibrio fischeri was additive.

Microbial Origins and Consequences of Dimethyl Sulfide

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. B. Johnston ◽  
Andrew R. J. Curson ◽  
Jonathan D. Todd
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfide
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