scholarly journals A live, impaired-fidelity coronavirus vaccine protects in an aged, immunocompromised mouse model of lethal disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1820-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L Graham ◽  
Michelle M Becker ◽  
Lance D Eckerle ◽  
Meagan Bolles ◽  
Mark R Denison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Immunocompromised Mouse

An immunocompromised mouse model to infect Ixodes scapularis ticks with the relapsing fever spirochete, Borrelia miyamotoi

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey E. Lynn ◽  
Nicole E. Breuner ◽  
Lars Eisen ◽  
Andrias Hojgaard ◽  
Adam J. Replogle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Ixodes Scapularis ◽  
Borrelia Miyamotoi ◽  
Relapsing Fever ◽  
Immunocompromised Mouse

scholarly journals Role of Ethanolamine Utilization Genes in Host Colonization during Urinary Tract Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Sintsova ◽  
Sara Smith ◽  
Sargurunathan Subashchandrabose ◽  
Harry L. Mobley
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Immunocompromised Mouse ◽  
Common Infection ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

ABSTRACTUrinary tract infection (UTI) is the second most common infection in humans, making it a global health priority. Nearly half of all women will experience a symptomatic UTI, with uropathogenicEscherichia coli(UPEC) being the major causative agent of the infection. Although there has been extensive research on UPEC virulence determinants, the importance of host-specific metabolism remains understudied. We report here that UPEC upregulates the expression of ethanolamine utilization genes during uncomplicated UTIs in humans. We further show that UPEC ethanolamine metabolism is required for effective bladder colonization in the mouse model of ascending UTI and is dispensable for bladder colonization in an immunocompromised mouse model of UTI. We demonstrate that although ethanolamine metabolism mutants do not show increased susceptibility to antimicrobial responses of neutrophils, this metabolic pathway is important for surviving the innate immune system during UTI. This study reveals a novel aspect of UPEC metabolism in the host and provides evidence for an underappreciated link between bacterial metabolism and the host immune response.

scholarly journals The armed oncolytic adenovirus ZD55-IL-24 eradicates melanoma by turning the tumor cells from the self-state into the nonself-state besides direct killing

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Jun Hu ◽  
Xiu Liang ◽  
Hai-Lang Li ◽  
Chun-Ming Du ◽  
Jia-Li Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Oncolytic Adenovirus ◽  
The Self ◽  
Indirect Pathway ◽  
Immunocompetent Mouse ◽  
Tumor Cell Death ◽  
Immunocompromised Mouse ◽  
Direct Killing

AbstractZD55-IL-24 is similar but superior to the oncolytic adenovirus ONYX-015, yet the exact mechanism underlying the observed therapeutic effect is still not well understood. Here we sought to elucidate the underlying antitumor mechanism of ZD55-IL-24 in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised mouse model. We find that ZD55-IL-24 eradicates established melanoma in B16-bearing immunocompetent mouse model not through the classic direct killing pathway, but mainly through the indirect pathway of inducing systemic antitumor immunity. Inconsistent with the current prevailing view, our further results suggest that ZD55-IL-24 can induce antitumor immunity in B16-bearing immunocompetent mouse model in fact not due to its ability to lyse tumor cells and release the essential elements, such as tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), but due to its ability to put a “nonself” label in tumor cells and then turn the tumor cells from the “self” state into the “nonself” state without tumor cell death. The observed anti-melanoma efficacy of ZD55-IL-24 in B16-bearing immunocompetent mouse model was practically caused only by the viral vector. In addition, we also notice that ZD55-IL-24 can inhibit tumor growth in B16-bearing immunocompetent mouse model through inhibiting angiogenesis, despite it plays only a minor role. In contrast to B16-bearing immunocompetent mouse model, ZD55-IL-24 eliminates established melanoma in A375-bearing immunocompromised mouse model mainly through the classic direct killing pathway, but not through the antitumor immunity pathway and anti-angiogenesis pathway. These findings let us know ZD55-IL-24 more comprehensive and profound, and provide a sounder theoretical foundation for its future modification and drug development.

scholarly journals Optimizing T-705 (favipiravir) treatment of severe influenza B virus infection in the immunocompromised mouse model

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 1333-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Noriel Q Pascua ◽  
Bindumadhav M Marathe ◽  
Peter Vogel ◽  
Richard J Webby ◽  
Elena A Govorkova
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Influenza B Virus ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Severe Influenza ◽  
Immunocompromised Mouse ◽  
B Virus

Characterization of Aeromonas Virulence Using an Immunocompromised Mouse Model

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis J. Lye ◽  
Mark R. Rodgers ◽  
Gerard Stelma ◽  
Stephen J. Vesper ◽  
Samuel L. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Immunocompromised Mouse
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