scholarly journals Transport processes induced by metastable boiling water under Martian surface conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Massé ◽  
S. J. Conway ◽  
J. Gargani ◽  
M. R. Patel ◽  
K. Pasquon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport Processes ◽  
Boiling Water ◽  
Martian Surface ◽  
Surface Conditions

Extended survival of several organisms and amino acids under simulated martian surface conditions

Icarus ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 211 (2) ◽  
pp. 1162-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P. Johnson ◽  
L.M. Pratt ◽  
T. Vishnivetskaya ◽  
S. Pfiffner ◽  
R.A. Bryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Martian Surface ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Extended Survival

scholarly journals Persistence of Biomarker ATP and ATP-Generating Capability in Bacterial Cells and Spores Contaminating Spacecraft Materials under Earth Conditions and in a Simulated Martian Environment

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (16) ◽  
pp. 5159-5167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Fajardo-Cavazos ◽  
Andrew C. Schuerger ◽  
Wayne L. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Martian Surface ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Planetary Protection ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Uv C

ABSTRACTMost planetary protection research has concentrated on characterizing viable bioloads on spacecraft surfaces, developing techniques for bioload reduction prior to launch, and studying the effects of simulated martian environments on microbial survival. Little research has examined the persistence of biogenic signature molecules on spacecraft materials under simulated martian surface conditions. This study examined how endogenous adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) would persist on aluminum coupons under simulated martian conditions of 7.1 mbar, full-spectrum simulated martian radiation calibrated to 4 W m−2of UV-C (200 to 280 nm), −10°C, and a Mars gas mix of CO2(95.54%), N2(2.7%), Ar (1.6%), O2(0.13%), and H2O (0.03%). Cell or spore viabilities ofAcinetobacter radioresistens, Bacillus pumilus, andB. subtiliswere measured in minutes to hours, while high levels of endogenous ATP were recovered after exposures of up to 21 days. The dominant factor responsible for temporal reductions in viability and loss of ATP was the simulated Mars surface radiation; low pressure, low temperature, and the Mars gas composition exhibited only slight effects. The normal burst of endogenous ATP detected during spore germination inB. pumilusandB. subtiliswas reduced by 1 or 2 orders of magnitude following, respectively, 8- or 30-min exposures to simulated martian conditions. The results support the conclusion that endogenous ATP will persist for time periods that are likely to extend beyond the nominal lengths of most surface missions on Mars, and planetary protection protocols prior to launch may require additional rigor to further reduce the presence and abundance of biosignature molecules on spacecraft surfaces.

Spectral reflectance properties of minerals exposed to martian surface conditions: Implications for spectroscopy-based mineral detection on Mars

2021 ◽  
pp. 105377
Author(s):  
Nathalie Turenne ◽  
Alexis Parkinson ◽  
Daniel M. Applin ◽  
Paul Mann ◽  
Edward A. Cloutis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Martian Surface ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Mineral Detection

Photochemical stability of biomolecules in the experiments modelling Martian surface conditions

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.B. Gontareva
Keyword(s):  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Prebiotic Synthesis ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Nucleic Acid Bases ◽  
Martian Surface ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Research Task ◽  
Extraterrestrial Material ◽  
Organic Acids And Sugars

Life has probably existed on Earth for about 3.5 billion years and ever since people could wonder, they have tried to understand its origins. It is thought that organisms as complex as bacteria emerged within 0.5–1 billion years. Organic molecules, such as amino acids, organic acids and sugars have been observed in material from extraterrestrial sources in the solar system. But, to confirm the possibility of nucleic acid bases also being synthesized under these conditions, we have replicated the synthesis of monophosphates as dry pellets (5′-monophosphates, the predominant reaction products) under simulated Martian conditions. Our research task was to find out whether the main organic substances were able to survive in the absence of water. This reaction must proceed under solvent-free conditions and incident short ultraviolet radiation (UVC) in a vacuum. After 5 months of reaction time monophosphates could be identified in detectable quantities. These experiments utilized basalt and limonite as protectors and successfully shielded the products from decomposition by UVC. Our team has obtained more results concerning prebiotic synthesis of polypeptides and nucleotides in the presence of meteorite dust; these are the same kind of experiment, but using different extraterrestrial material.

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