scholarly journals Addendum: Wave attenuation over coastal salt marshes under storm surge conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 848-848
Author(s):  
Iris Möller ◽  
Matthias Kudella ◽  
Franziska Rupprecht ◽  
Tom Spencer ◽  
Maike Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storm Surge ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Wave Attenuation ◽  
Coastal Salt Marshes

scholarly journals Wave attenuation over coastal salt marshes under storm surge conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 727-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Möller ◽  
Matthias Kudella ◽  
Franziska Rupprecht ◽  
Tom Spencer ◽  
Maike Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storm Surge ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Wave Attenuation ◽  
Coastal Salt Marshes

scholarly journals Marsh Restoration: Ribbed Mussels (Geukensia demissa) as a Revival Mechanism to Rebuild the Coastal Salt Marshes of Long Island, New York

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J Brinton
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Coastal Wetlands ◽  
Long Island ◽  
Geukensia Demissa ◽  
Living Shorelines ◽  
Coastal Salt Marshes ◽  
Ribbed Mussels ◽  
Holding Back

Abstract Hurricane severity and frequency have been exacerbated by 190 years of anthropogenic climate change. In 2012, Superstorm Sandy decimated Long Island, a 190-kilometer-long island in southeast New York, with up to 4 meters of saltwater inundation due to storm surge, resulting in the highest levels of destruction since the 1938 “Long Island Express.” Sandy was the fifth most costly hurricane on record, after Katrina in 2005, and Harvey, Maria, and Irma in 2017. Synthetic storm-surge barriers such as concrete-and-steel tidal gates are exorbitantly costly to construct and decrease biodiversity by barring habitat expansion. Natural storm barriers, termed “living shorelines,” have recently been suggested as an alternative, owing to their structurally resilient and regenerative properties. Coastal marshes, one type of natural barrier, are key to holding back storm surge; however, the contiguous United States lost coastal wetlands at 0.15 percent per year from 1998 through 2009, the final year for which the data were available. This study investigated ribbed mussels (Geukensia demissa) as a potential regenerative component of living shorelines. Transects and environmental energetic measurements were applied to draw conclusions between mussel abundance and scarcity and coastline erosion in the waters off Freeport, Long Island. It was discerned that the current rate of marsh disintegration on Long Island is 6.5 to 20 times greater than the national rate, as last measured a decade ago, and certain Long Island regions are projected to lose all coastal wetlands by 2079.

Towards Control of an Estuary

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 155-174
Author(s):  
Henk L. F. Saeijs
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Intertidal Flats ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Short Time

The Delta Project is in its final stage. In 1974 it was subjected to political reconsideration, but it is scheduled now for completion in 1987. The final touches are being put to the storm-surge barrier and two compartment dams that divide the Oosterschelde into three areas: one tidal, one with reduced tide, and one a freshwater lake. Compartmentalization will result in 13% of channels, 45% of intertidal flats and 59% of salt marshes being lost. There is a net gain of 7% of shallow-water areas. Human interventions with large scale impacts are not new in the Oosterschelde but the large scale and short time in which these interventions are taking place are, as is the creation of a controlled tidal system. This article focusses on the area with reduced tide and compares resent day and expected characteristics. In this reduced tidal part salt marshes will extend by 30–70%; intertidal flats will erode to a lower level and at their edges, and the area of shallow water will increase by 47%. Biomass production on the intertidal flats will decrease, with consequences for crustaceans, fishes and birds. The maximum number of waders counted on one day and the number of ‘bird-days' will decrease drastically, with negative effects for the wader populations of western Europe. The net area with a hard substratum in the reduced tidal part has more than doubled. Channels will become shallower. Detritus import will not change significantly. Stratification and oxygen depletion will be rare and local. The operation of the storm-surge barrier and the closure strategy chosen are very important for the ecosystem. Two optional closure strategies can be followed without any additional environmental consequences. It was essential to determine a clearly defined plan of action for the whole area, and to make land-use choices from the outset. How this was done is briefly described.

Coastal Salt Marshes

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Maria Sarika ◽  
Andreas Zikos
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Coastal Salt Marshes

Coastal salt-marshes plant communities of the Salicornietea fruticosae class in Apulia (Italy)

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saverio Sciandrello ◽  
Valeria Tomaselli
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Salt Marsh Vegetation ◽  
Marsh Vegetation ◽  
Apulia Region ◽  
Coastal Salt Marshes ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Halocnemum Strobilaceum

AbstractAn overview of the salt-marsh herbland and scrub vegetation belonging to the class Salicornietea fruticosae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex A. Bolòs y Vayreda 1950 in Apulia is presented. Data available from literature have been supplemented with original relevés performed in different locations of the Apulia region. On the basis of a total of 297 relevés, fifteen communities have been defined, according to the traditional phytosociological system based on dominant and/or diagnostic taxa. For comparison purposes, the salt-marsh vegetation has been classified using numerical methods. The results obtained show that most of the clusters correspond to specific associations, and confirm the division into vegetation alliances and orders. Numerical analysis also allowed us to assign the proper allocation of some associations and plant communities drawn from literature. Five alliances, with plant communities characterized by specific ecological features, have been discriminated: Sarcocornion alpini and Arthrocnemion glauci (lower marshes), Salicornion fruticosae (middle marshes), Inulion crithmoidis and Suaedion brevofoliae (upper marshes). In addition, during the field work, a population of Halocnemum strobilaceum (Arthrocnemo-Halocnemetum strobilacei), new record for the Apulia region, has been found.

The distribution and conservation of birds of coastal salt marshes

2014 ◽  
pp. 180-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Greenberg ◽  
Augusto Cardoni ◽  
Bruno J. Ens ◽  
Xiaojing Gan ◽  
Juan Pablo Isacch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Coastal Salt Marshes

scholarly journals Using Multispectral Drone Imagery for Spatially Explicit Modeling of Wave Attenuation through a Salt Marsh Meadow

Drones ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Antoine Mury ◽  
Antoine Collin ◽  
Thomas Houet ◽  
Emilien Alvarez-Vanhard ◽  
Dorothée James
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Wave Attenuation ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Red Edge

Offering remarkable biodiversity, coastal salt marshes also provide a wide variety of ecosystem services: cultural services (leisure, tourist amenities), supply services (crop production, pastoralism) and regulation services including carbon sequestration and natural protection against coastal erosion and inundation. The consideration of this coastal protection ecosystem service takes part in a renewed vision of coastal risk management and especially marine flooding, with an emerging focus on “nature-based solutions.” Through this work, using remote-sensing methods, we propose a novel drone-based spatial modeling methodology of the salt marsh hydrodynamic attenuation at very high spatial resolution (VHSR). This indirect modeling is based on in situ measurements of significant wave heights (Hm0) that constitute the ground truth, as well as spectral and topographical predictors from VHSR multispectral drone imagery. By using simple and multiple linear regressions, we identify the contribution of predictors, taken individually, and jointly. The best individual drone-based predictor is the green waveband. Dealing with the addition of individual predictors to the red-green-blue (RGB) model, the highest gain is observed with the red edge waveband, followed by the near-infrared, then the digital surface model. The best full combination is the RGB enhanced by the red edge and the normalized difference vegetation index (coefficient of determination (R2): 0.85, root mean square error (RMSE): 0.20%/m).

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