Satellite measurements of the clear-sky greenhouse effect from tropospheric ozone

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 305-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen M. Worden ◽  
Kevin W. Bowman ◽  
John R. Worden ◽  
Annmarie Eldering ◽  
Reinhard Beer
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Clear Sky

scholarly journals Model-dependence of the CO<sub>2</sub> threshold for melting the hard Snowball Earth

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Hu ◽  
J. Yang ◽  
F. Ding ◽  
W. R. Peltier
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Surface Albedo ◽  
Snowball Earth ◽  
Pressure Broadening ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Induced Absorption ◽  
Cloud Forcing ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Convective Model

Abstract. One of the critical issues of the Snowball Earth hypothesis is the CO2 threshold for triggering the deglaciation. Using Community Atmospheric Model version 3.0 (CAM3), we study the problem for the CO2 threshold. Our simulations show large differences from previous results (e.g. Pierrehumbert, 2004, 2005; Le Hir et al., 2007). At 0.2 bars of CO2, the January maximum near-surface temperature is about 268 K, about 13 K higher than that in Pierrehumbert (2004, 2005), but lower than the value of 270 K for 0.1 bar of CO2 in Le Hir et al. (2007). It is found that the difference of simulation results is mainly due to model sensitivity of greenhouse effect and longwave cloud forcing to increasing CO2. At 0.2 bars of CO2, CAM3 yields 117 Wm−2 of clear-sky greenhouse effect and 32 Wm−2 of longwave cloud forcing, versus only about 77 Wm−2 and 10.5 Wm−2 in Pierrehumbert (2004, 2005), respectively. CAM3 has comparable clear-sky greenhouse effect to that in Le Hir et al. (2007), but lower longwave cloud forcing. CAM3 also produces much stronger Hadley cells than that in Pierrehumbert (2005). Effects of pressure broadening and collision-induced absorption are also studied using a radiative-convective model and CAM3. Both effects substantially increase surface temperature and thus lower the CO2 threshold. The radiative-convective model yields a CO2 threshold of about 0.21 bars with surface albedo of 0.663. Without considering the effects of pressure broadening and collision-induced absorption, CAM3 yields an approximate CO2 threshold of about 1.0 bar for surface albedo of about 0.6. However, the threshold is lowered to 0.38 bars as both effects are considered.

scholarly journals Uncertainty of the CO<sub>2</sub> threshold for melting a hard Snowball Earth

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1337-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Hu ◽  
J. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Snowball Earth ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Cloud Forcing ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hadley Cells

Abstract. One of the critical issues of the Snowball Earth hypothesis is how high level of CO2 is required for triggering the deglaciation. Using Community Atmospheric Model version 3 (CAM3), we study the problem for the CO2 threshold. Our simulations show large differences from previous results (Pierrehumbert, 2004, 2005). At 0.2 bars of CO2, the January maximum near-surface temperature is about 268 K, about 13 K higher than that in Pierrehumbert (2004, 2005), but lower than the value of 270 K for 0.1 bar of CO2 in Le Hir et al. (2007). It is found that the diversity of simulation results is mainly due to model sensitivity of greenhouse effect and longwave cloud forcing to increasing CO2. At 0.2 bar of CO2, CAM3 yields 117 Wm −2 of clear-sky greenhouse effect and 32 Wm−2 of longwave cloud forcing, versus only about 77 Wm−2 and 10.5 Wm−2 in Pierrehumbert (2004, 2005), respectively. CAM3 has comparable clear-sky greenhouse effect to that in Le Hir et al. (2007), but lower longwave cloud forcing. CAM3 also produces much stronger Hadley cells than in Pierrehumbert (2005).

scholarly journals Verification of a Clear-Sky Mesoscale Simulation Using Satellite-Derived Surface Temperatures

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (12) ◽  
pp. 5148-5161 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Jiménez ◽  
A. Mira ◽  
J. Cuxart ◽  
A. Luque ◽  
S. Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Mesoscale Simulation ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Satellite Sensors ◽  
Sky Conditions ◽  
Mesoscale Simulations

Abstract A mesoscale simulation for Majorca Island is made using the Méso-NH model for a spring night, under a slack synoptic pressure gradient with weak general winds and clear skies. The circulations over and around the island are driven mostly by the locally generated flows, due to the topography and the land–sea thermal contrast. The verification of mesoscale simulations in clear-sky conditions is difficult, especially if the network of stations is not very dense. The main objective of this work is to try to verify the mesoscale simulation using measurements from automatic weather stations and satellite measurements. The model outputs are compared with the available instrumental data and the representativeness of the stations is discussed. Furthermore, complete two-dimensional comparisons are made between the radiative surface temperatures produced by the model and those processed from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite sensors. The high temporal resolution of the MSG images also allows comparison of the temporal evolutions of the surface temperature between satellite pixels and model grid cells. The procedure permits assessment of the closeness of the simulation to in situ and remote sensing observations. The results of the comparison show that the model is able to reproduce most of the observed patterns, such as intense local cooling or persistent outflows at the largest basins.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Drivers of the Clear Sky Greenhouse Effect, 2000–2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 11354-11371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiv Priyam Raghuraman ◽  
David Paynter ◽  
V. Ramaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Clear Sky

scholarly journals Synergy of Using Nadir and Limb Instruments for Tropospheric Ozone Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoria F. Sofieva ◽  
Risto Hänninen ◽  
Mikhail Sofiev ◽  
Monika Szelag ◽  
Hei Shing Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Intermediate Step ◽  
Residual Method ◽  
Total Ozone Column ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Ozone Column ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. The satellite measurements in nadir and limb viewing geometry provide a complementary view of the atmosphere. An effective combination of the limb and nadir measurements can provide a new information about atmospheric composition. In this work, we present tropospheric ozone column datasets that have been created using combination of total ozone column from OMI and TROPOMI with stratospheric ozone column dataset from several available limb-viewing instruments (MLS, OSIRIS, MIPAS, SCIAMACHY, OMPS-LP, GOMOS). We have developed further the methodological aspects of assessment of tropospheric ozone using the residual method using simulations with the chemistry-transport model SILAM. It has been shown that the accurate assessment of ozone in the upper troposphere and the lower stratosphere (UTLS) is of high importance for detecting the ground-level ozone patterns. The stratospheric ozone column is derived from a combination of ozone profiles from several satellite instruments in limb-viewing geometry. We developed a method for the data homogenization, which includes the removal of biases and a-posteriori estimation (validation) of random uncertainties, thus making the data from different instruments compatible with each other. The high horizontal and vertical resolution dataset of ozone profiles is created via interpolation of the limb profiles from each day to 1° × 1° horizonal grid. A new kriging-type interpolation method, which takes into account data uncertainties and the information about natural ozone variations from the SILAM-adjusted ozone field, has been developed. To mitigate the limited accuracy and coverage of the limb profile data in the UTLS, a smooth transition to the model data is applied below the tropopause. This allows estimation of stratospheric ozone column with full coverage of the UTLS. The derived ozone profiles are in very good agreement with collocated ozonesonde measurements. The residual method was successfully applied to OMI and TROPOMI clear-sky total ozone data in combination with the stratospheric ozone column from the high-resolution limb profile dataset. The resulting tropospheric ozone column is in very good agreement with other satellite data. The global distributions of tropospheric ozone exhibit enhancements associated with the regions of high tropospheric ozone production. The main created datasets are (i) monthly 1° × 1° global tropospheric ozone column dataset using OMI and limb instruments, (ii) monthly 1° × 1° global tropospheric ozone column dataset using TROPOMI and limb instruments and (iii) daily 1° × 1° interpolated stratospheric ozone column from limb instruments. Other datasets, which are created as an intermediate step of creating the tropospheric ozone column data, are: (i) daily 1° × 1° clear sky and total ozone column from OMI and TROPOMI (ii) Daily 1° × 1° homogenized and interpolated dataset of ozone profiles and (iii) daily 1° × 1° dataset of ozone profiles from SILAM simulations with adjustment to satellite data. These datasets can be used in various studies related to ozone distributions, variability and trends, both in the troposphere and the stratosphere.

Quantifying and attributing changes in tropospheric ozone from a combination of satellite measurements and models

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Neu ◽  
Kazuyuki Miyazaki ◽  
Kevin Bowman ◽  
Gregory Osterman
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Science Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Earth Science Data

&lt;p&gt;Given the importance of tropospheric ozone as a greenhouse gas and a hazardous pollutant that impacts human health and ecosystems, it is critical to quantify and understand long-term changes in its abundance.&amp;#160; Satellite records are beginning to approach the length needed to assess variability and trends in tropospheric ozone, yet an intercomparison of time series from different instruments shows substantial differences in the net change in ozone over the past decade.&amp;#160; We discuss our efforts to produce Earth Science Data Records of tropospheric ozone and quantify uncertainties and biases in these records.&amp;#160; We also discuss the role of changes in the magnitude and distribution of precursor emissions and in downward transport of ozone from the stratosphere in determining tropospheric ozone abundances over the past 15 years.&lt;/p&gt;

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