A PCR–based approach for isolating pathogen resistance genes from potato with potential for wide application in plants

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Leister ◽  
Agim Ballvora ◽  
Francesco Salamini ◽  
Christiane Gebhardt
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Pathogen Resistance

scholarly journals Bioinformatic-Based Approaches for Disease-Resistance Gene Discovery in Plants

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2259
Author(s):  
Andrea Fernandez-Gutierrez ◽  
Juan J. Gutierrez-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gene Annotation ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Disease Resistance Gene ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Nucleotide Binding Sites ◽  
Bioinformatic Tools ◽  
Computer Based

Pathogens are among the most limiting factors for crop success and expansion. Thus, finding the underlying genetic cause of pathogen resistance is the main goal for plant geneticists. The activation of a plant’s immune system is mediated by the presence of specific receptors known as disease-resistance genes (R genes). Typical R genes encode functional immune receptors with nucleotide-binding sites (NBS) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains, making the NBS-LRRs the largest family of plant resistance genes. Establishing host resistance is crucial for plant growth and crop yield but also for reducing pesticide use. In this regard, pyramiding R genes is thought to be the most ecologically friendly way to enhance the durability of resistance. To accomplish this, researchers must first identify the related genes, or linked markers, within the genomes. However, the duplicated nature, with the presence of frequent paralogues, and clustered characteristic of NLRs make them difficult to predict with the classic automatic gene annotation pipelines. In the last several years, efforts have been made to develop new methods leading to a proliferation of reports on cloned genes. Herein, we review the bioinformatic tools to assist the discovery of R genes in plants, focusing on well-established pipelines with an important computer-based component.

scholarly journals Donors of effective genes for scald resistance in barley

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
G. S. Konovalova ◽  
E. E. Radchenko
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Fungal Resistance ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Loss Of Resistance ◽  
Leningrad Province ◽  
Barley Landraces ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
High Level ◽  
Barley Resistance

Background. One of the most harmful diseases of barley in all areas of its cultivation is scald. The causal agent Rhynchosporium commune Zaffarano, B.A. McDonald & A. Linde (formerly – Rhynchosporium secalis (Oudem.) J.J. Davis) is characterized by a high level of variability, which leads to the emergence of new pathotypes and the loss of resistance of a number of cultivars. Most barley cultivars recommended for cultivation are highly affected by the pathogen. The aim of the study was to find new donors of effective barley resistance genes to R. commune.Materials and methods. Resistance to the fungus was tested in 99 accessions of barley landraces from 18 countries under laboratory and field conditions. The experiments employed isolates and clones of R. commune isolated from plants collected in Leningrad Province. Plant resistance was scored using point scales. Genetic control of fungal resistance was studied in the selected accessions using hybridological analysis.Results and conclusions. We identified 3 accessions of barley landraces, which retained high resistance to the fungus for six years of study in the field under inoculation with different populations of R. commune. Accessions k-31504 (Macedonia), k-31505 (Ethiopia) and k-31503 (India) are protected by R. commune resistance genes, which differ from each other, are not allelic to the previously identified effective Rrs9 gene, and manifest themselves throughout all stages of barley ontogenesis. Each of accessions k-31504 and k-31505 incorporates 2 recessive pathogen resistance genes; k-31503 carries 3 recessive resistance genes. 

Development of expressed sequenced tags (EST) to identify some pathogen resistance genes expressed in Gossypium arboreum

Gene Reports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 100397
Author(s):  
Rakhshanda Mushtaq ◽  
Khurram Shahzad ◽  
Zahid Hussain Shah ◽  
Hameed Alsamadany ◽  
Tahir Mujtaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Gossypium Arboreum ◽  
Expressed Sequenced Tags

scholarly journals Disease Tolerance and Pathogen Resistance Genes May Underlie Trypanosoma cruzi Persistence and Differential Progression to Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Chevillard ◽  
João Paulo Silva Nunes ◽  
Amanda Farage Frade ◽  
Rafael Ribeiro Almeida ◽  
Ramendra Pati Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Disease Tolerance

scholarly journals Natural Selection for Polymorphism in the Disease Resistance Gene Rps2 of Arabidopsis thaliana

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 163 (2) ◽  
pp. 735-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney Mauricio ◽  
Eli A Stahl ◽  
Tonia Korves ◽  
Dacheng Tian ◽  
Martin Kreitman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Avirulence Gene ◽  
Disease Resistance Gene ◽  
Parsimony Tree ◽  
Genetic Level ◽  
Additional Protein

Abstract Pathogen resistance is an ecologically important phenotype increasingly well understood at the molecular genetic level. In this article, we examine levels of avrRpt2-dependent resistance and Rps2 locus DNA sequence variability in a worldwide sample of 27 accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana. The rooted parsimony tree of Rps2 sequences drawn from a diverse set of ecotypes includes a deep bifurcation separating major resistance and susceptibility clades of alleles. We find evidence for selection maintaining these alleles and identify the N-terminal part of the leucine-rich repeat region as a probable target of selection. Additional protein variants are found within the two major clades and correlate well with measurable differences among ecotypes in resistance to the avirulence gene avrRpt2 of the pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. Long-lived polymorphisms have been observed for other resistance genes of A. thaliana; the Rps2 data suggest that the long-term maintenance of phenotypic variation in resistance genes may be a general phenomenon and are consistent with diversifying selection acting in concert with selection to maintain variation.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association Mapping in Arabidopsis Identifies Previously Known Flowering Time and Pathogen Resistance Genes

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. e60 ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Aranzana ◽  
Sung Kim ◽  
Keyan Zhao ◽  
Erica Bakker ◽  
Matthew Horton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Mapping ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals Population studies of the wild tomato species Solanum chilense reveal geographically structured major gene-mediated pathogen resistance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvinderdeep S. Kahlon ◽  
Shallet Mindih Seta ◽  
Gesche Zander ◽  
Daniela Scheikl ◽  
Ralph Hückelhoven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Wild Tomato ◽  
Wild Tomato Species ◽  
Solanum Chilense

AbstractNatural plant populations encounter strong pathogen pressure and defense-associated genes are known to be under different selection pressure dependent on the pressure by the pathogens. Here we use wild tomato Solanum chilense populations to investigate natural resistance against Cladosporium fulvum, a well-known pathogenic fungus of domesticated tomatoes. We show that populations of S. chilense differ in resistance against the pathogen. Next, we explored the underlying molecular processes in a species wide-context. Then, focusing on recognition of the two prominent avirulence factors secreted by C. fulvum (Avr4 and Avr9) in central and northern populations of S. chilense we observed high complexity in the cognate homologues of Cladosporium resistance (Hcr9) locus underlying the recognition of these effectors. Presence of canonical genomic regions coding for Cf-4 and Cf-9, two major dominant resistance genes in the Hcr9 locus recognizing Avr4 and Avr9, respectively, does not meet prediction from Avr response phenotypes. We find both genes in varying fractions of the plant populations and we show possible co-existence of two functionally active resistance genes, previously thought to be allelic. Additionally, we observed the complete local absence of recognition of additional Avr proteins of C. fulvum. In the southern populations we attribute this to changes in the coregulatory network. As a result of loss of pathogen pressure or adaptation to extreme climatic conditions. This may ultimately explain the observed pathogen susceptibility in the southern populations. This work puts major gene mediated disease resistance in an ecological context.

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