scholarly journals Integrin-beta3 clusters recruit clathrin-mediated endocytic machinery in the absence of traction force

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-han Yu ◽  
Nisha Bte Mohd Rafiq ◽  
Fakun Cao ◽  
Yuhuan Zhou ◽  
Anitha Krishnasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traction Force ◽  
Endocytic Machinery ◽  
Integrin Beta3

Soil/Tire Interaction Analysis Using FEM and FVM

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Oida ◽  
E. Seta ◽  
H. Heguri ◽  
K. Kato
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Yield Criterion ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Elastoplastic Material ◽  
The Road ◽  
Soil Flow

Abstract Vehicles, such as an agricultural tractor, construction vehicle, mobile machinery, and 4-wheel drive vehicle, are often operated on unpaved ground. In many cases, the ground is deformable; therefore, the deformation should be taken into consideration in order to assess the off-the-road performance of a tire. Recent progress in computational mechanics enabled us to simulate the large scale coupling problem, in which the deformation of tire structure and of surrounding medium can be interactively considered. Using this technology, hydroplaning phenomena and tire traction on snow have been predicted. In this paper, the simulation methodology of tire/soil coupling problems is developed for pneumatic tires of arbitrary tread patterns. The Finite Element Method (FEM) and the Finite Volume Method (FVM) are used for structural and for soil-flow analysis, respectively. The soil is modeled as an elastoplastic material with a specified yield criterion and a nonlinear elasticity. The material constants are referred to measurement data, so that the cone penetration resistance and the shear resistance are represented. Finally, the traction force of the tire in a cultivated field is predicted, and a good correlation with experiments is obtained.

Roles of Talin2 in Traction Force Generation, Tumor Metastasis and Cardiovascular Integrity

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1071-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Qi ◽  
Tomasz Kolodziej ◽  
Zenon Rajfur ◽  
Cai Huang
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Metastasis ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Force Generation

scholarly journals TAMI-28. DIFFERENTIAL MIGRATION MECHANICS AND IMMUNE RESPONSES OF GLIOMA SUBTYPES

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii219-ii219
Author(s):  
Ghaidan Shamsan ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Brooke Braman ◽  
Susan Rathe ◽  
Aaron Sarver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Molecular Subtypes ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Sleeping Beauty ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Biophysical Modeling

Abstract In Glioblastoma (GBM), tumor spreading is driven by tumor cells’ ability to infiltrate healthy brain parenchyma, which prevents complete surgical resection and contributes to tumor recurrence. GBM molecular subtypes, classical, proneural and mesenchymal, were shown to strongly correlate with specific genetic alterations (Mesenchymal: NF1; Classical: EGFRVIII; Proneural: PDGFRA). Here we tested the hypothesis that a key mechanistic difference between GBM molecular subtypes is that proneural cells are slow migrating and mesenchymal cells are fast migrating. Using Sleeping Beauty transposon system, immune-competent murine brain tumors were induced by SV40-LgT antigen in combination with either NRASG12V (NRAS) or PDGFB (PDGF) overexpression. Cross-species transcriptomic analysis revealed NRAS and PDGF-driven tumors correlate with human mesenchymal and proneural GBM, respectively. Similar to human GBM, CD44 expression was higher in NRAS tumors and, consistent with migration simulations of varying CD44 levels, ex vivo brain slice live imaging showed NRAS tumors cells migrate faster than PDGF tumors cells (random motility coefficient = 30µm2/hr vs. 2.5µm2/hr, p < 0.001). Consistent with CD44 function as an adhesion molecule, migration phenotype was independent of the tumor microenvironment. NRAS and human PDX/MES tumor cells were found to migrate faster and have larger cell spread area than PDGF and human PDX/PN tumors cells, respectively, in healthy mouse brain slices. Furthermore, traction force microscopy revealed NRAS tumor cells generate larger traction forces than PDGF tumors cells which further supports our theoretical mechanism driving glioma migration. Despite increased migration, NRAS cohort had better survival than PDGF which was attributed to enhanced antitumoral immune response in NRAS tumors, consistent with increased immune cell infiltration found in human mesenchymal GBM. Overall our work identified a potentially actionable difference in migration mechanics between GBM subtypes and establishes an integrated biophysical modeling and experimental approach to mechanically parameterize and simulate distinct molecular subtypes in preclinical models of cancer.

scholarly journals Two-dimensional TIRF-SIM–traction force microscopy (2D TIRF-SIM-TFM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Barbieri ◽  
Huw Colin-York ◽  
Kseniya Korobchevskaya ◽  
Di Li ◽  
Deanna L. Wolfson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resolution Enhancement ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Traction Force Microscopy ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Structured Illumination ◽  
Structured Illumination Microscopy ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractQuantifying small, rapidly evolving forces generated by cells is a major challenge for the understanding of biomechanics and mechanobiology in health and disease. Traction force microscopy remains one of the most broadly applied force probing technologies but typically restricts itself to slow events over seconds and micron-scale displacements. Here, we improve >2-fold spatially and >10-fold temporally the resolution of planar cellular force probing compared to its related conventional modalities by combining fast two-dimensional total internal reflection fluorescence super-resolution structured illumination microscopy and traction force microscopy. This live-cell 2D TIRF-SIM-TFM methodology offers a combination of spatio-temporal resolution enhancement relevant to forces on the nano- and sub-second scales, opening up new aspects of mechanobiology to analysis.

Supine Traction Versus Prone Bending Radiographs for Assessing the Curve Flexibility in Spinal Deformity

2021 ◽  
pp. 219256822097913
Author(s):  
Niek te Hennepe ◽  
Maarten Spruit ◽  
Martin H. Pouw ◽  
Marco Hinderks ◽  
Petra Heesterbeek
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Spinal Deformity ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis ◽  
Curve Correction ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Side Bending

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Objectives: No consensus exists among surgeons on which radiologic method to prefer for the assessment of curve flexibility in spinal deformity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the difference in curve correction on supine traction radiographs versus prone side bending radiographs. Methods: A retrospective analysis of idiopathic scoliosis (IS), degenerative idiopathic scoliosis (DIS) and de novo degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DNDLS) patients was performed on supine traction as well as prone bending films (when available). Age, weight, traction force, diagnosis and Cobb angles of the primary and secondary curves were extracted. Differences in curve correction (percentages) on traction versus prone bending radiographs were analyzed for the primary and secondary curve. Subgroup analyses were performed for the 3 different diagnoses. Results: In total, 170 patients were eligible for inclusion. 43 were diagnosed with IS, 58 with DIS and 69 with DNDLS. For the primary curve, greater curve correction was obtained with bending in the DNDLS group ( P < 0.001). In the DIS group, there was a trend toward more correction on bending ( P = 0.054). In de IS group no difference was found. For the secondary curve, bending showed more curve correction in the IS and DIS group ( P = 0.002 and P <0.001). No difference was found in the DNDLS group. Conclusion: Compared to traction radiographs, bending radiographs better serve the purpose of curve flexibility assessment of IS, DIS and DNDLS spinal deformity, despite the fact that patients are exposed to more radiation.

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