scholarly journals Cell migration and antigen capture are antagonistic processes coupled by myosin II in dendritic cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Chabaud ◽  
Mélina L. Heuzé ◽  
Marine Bretou ◽  
Pablo Vargas ◽  
Paolo Maiuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Myosin Ii ◽  
General Mechanism ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Antigen Capture ◽  
Cell Front ◽  
Myosin Iia

Abstract The immune response relies on the migration of leukocytes and on their ability to stop in precise anatomical locations to fulfil their task. How leukocyte migration and function are coordinated is unknown. Here we show that in immature dendritic cells, which patrol their environment by engulfing extracellular material, cell migration and antigen capture are antagonistic. This antagonism results from transient enrichment of myosin IIA at the cell front, which disrupts the back-to-front gradient of the motor protein, slowing down locomotion but promoting antigen capture. We further highlight that myosin IIA enrichment at the cell front requires the MHC class II-associated invariant chain (Ii). Thus, by controlling myosin IIA localization, Ii imposes on dendritic cells an intermittent antigen capture behaviour that might facilitate environment patrolling. We propose that the requirement for myosin II in both cell migration and specific cell functions may provide a general mechanism for their coordination in time and space.

scholarly journals Erratum: Corrigendum: Cell migration and antigen capture are antagonistic processes coupled by myosin II in dendritic cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Chabaud ◽  
Mélina L Heuzé ◽  
Marine Bretou ◽  
Pablo Vargas ◽  
Paolo Maiuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Myosin Ii ◽  
Antigen Capture

scholarly journals Antigen capture and major histocompatibility class II compartments of freshly isolated and cultured human blood dendritic cells.

1995 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
H W Nijman ◽  
M J Kleijmeer ◽  
M A Ossevoort ◽  
V M Oorschot ◽  
M P Vierboom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Antigen Presentation ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Antigen Uptake ◽  
Antigen Capture ◽  
Mhc Class Ii Molecules

Dendritic cells (DC) represent potent antigen-presenting cells for the induction of T cell-dependent immune responses. Previous work on antigen uptake and presentation by human DC is based largely on studies of blood DC that have been cultured for various periods of time before analysis. These cultured cells may therefore have undergone a maturation process from precursors that have different capacities for antigen capture and presentation. We have now used immunoelectron microscopy and antigen presentation assays to compare freshly isolated DC (f-DC) and cultured DC (c-DC). f-DC display a round appearance, whereas c-DC display characteristic long processes. c-DC express much more cell surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II than f-DC. The uptake of colloidal gold-labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA), however, is greater in f-DC, as is the presentation of 65-kD heat shock protein to T cell clones. The most striking discovery is that the majority of MHC class II molecules in both f-DC and c-DC occur in intracellular vacuoles with a complex shape (multivesicular and multilaminar). These MHC class II enriched compartments (MIIC) represent the site to which BSA is transported within 30 min. Although MIIC appear as more dense structures with less MHC class II molecules in f-DC than c-DC, the marker characteristics are very similar. The MIIC in both types of DC are acidic, contain invariant chain, and express the recently described HLA-DM molecule that can contribute to antigen presentation. CD19+ peripheral blood B cells have fewer MIIC and surface MHC class II expression than DCs, while monocytes had low levels of MIIC and surface MHC class II. These results demonstrate in dendritic cells the elaborate development of MIIC expressing several of the components that are required for efficient antigen presentation.

Decreased expression of MHC class II and cathepsin E in dendritic cells might contribute to impaired induction of antigen-specific T cell response in NC/Nga mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1,2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tohru Sakai ◽  
Emi Shuto ◽  
Tomoyo Taki ◽  
Honami Imamura ◽  
Miku Kioka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Cathepsin E

Metabolic Regulation and Related Molecular Mechanisms in Various Stem Cell Functions

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwa-Yong Lee ◽  
In-Sun Hong
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The Self ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Cell Functions

Recent studies on the mechanisms that link metabolic changes with stem cell fate have deepened our understanding of how specific metabolic pathways can regulate various stem cell functions during the development of an organism. Although it was originally thought to be merely a consequence of the specific cell state, metabolism is currently known to play a critical role in regulating the self-renewal capacity, differentiation potential, and quiescence of stem cells. Many studies in recent years have revealed that metabolic pathways regulate various stem cell behaviors (e.g., selfrenewal, migration, and differentiation) by modulating energy production through glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation and by regulating the generation of metabolites, which can modulate multiple signaling pathways. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of stem cell metabolism could allow us to establish optimal culture conditions and differentiation methods that would increase stem cell expansion and function for cell-based therapies. However, little is known about how metabolic pathways regulate various stem cell functions. In this context, we review the current advances in metabolic research that have revealed functional roles for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, anaerobic glycolysis, and oxidative stress during the self-renewal, differentiation and aging of various adult stem cell types. These approaches could provide novel strategies for the development of metabolic or pharmacological therapies to promote the regenerative potential of stem cells and subsequently promote their therapeutic utility.

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