scholarly journals Malignant extracellular vesicles carrying MMP1 mRNA facilitate peritoneal dissemination in ovarian cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Yokoi ◽  
Yusuke Yoshioka ◽  
Yusuke Yamamoto ◽  
Mitsuya Ishikawa ◽  
Shun-ichi Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Peritoneal Dissemination

The emerging roles of extracellular vesicles in ovarian cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin-xue Wang ◽  
Yi-xiang Wang ◽  
Yi-ke Li ◽  
Shi-yan Tu ◽  
Yi-qing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Apoptotic Bodies ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Gynecological Malignancy ◽  
Resistance To Chemotherapy

: Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the deadliest gynecological malignancy. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is its most common form. OC has both a poor prognosis and a high mortality rate due to the difficulties of early diagnosis, the limitation of current treatment and resistance to chemotherapy. Extracellular vesicles is a heterogeneous group of cellderived submicron vesicles which can be detected in body fluids, and it can be classified into three main types including exosomes, micro-vesicles, and apoptotic bodies. Cancer cells can produce more EVs than healthy cells. Moreover, the contents of these EVs have been found distinct from each other. It has been considered that EVs shedding from tumor cells may be implicated in clinical applications. Such as a tool for tumor diagnosis, prognosis and potential treatment of certain cancers. In this review, we provide a brief description of EVs in diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, drug-resistant of OC. Cancer-related EVs show powerful influences on tumors by various biological mechanisms. However, the contents mentioned above remain in the laboratory stage and there is a lack of large-scale clinical trials, and the maturity of the purification and detection methods is a constraint. In addition, amplification of oncogenes on ecDNA is remarkably prevalent in cancer, it may be possible that ecDNA can be encapsulated in EVs and thus detected by us. In summary, much more research on EVs needs to be perform to reveal breakthroughs in OC and to accelerate the process of its application on clinic.

scholarly journals Extracellular vesicles derived from ascitic fluid enhance growth and migration of ovarian cancer cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aparna Mitra ◽  
Kyoko Yoshida-Court ◽  
Travis N. Solley ◽  
Megan Mikkelson ◽  
Chi Lam Au Yeung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Serous Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Cancer Spheroids ◽  
Omental Fat ◽  
Low Expression

AbstractOvarian cancer is associated with a high mortality rate due to diagnosis at advanced stages. Dissemination often occurs intraperitoneally within the ascites fluid. The microenvironment can support dissemination through several mechanisms. One potential ascites factor which may mediate dissemination are EVs or extracellular vesicles that can carry information in the form of miRNAs, proteins, lipids, and act as mediators of cellular communication. We present our observations on EVs isolated from ascitic supernatants from patients diagnosed with high grade serous ovarian carcinoma in augmenting motility, growth, and migration towards omental fat. MicroRNA profiling of EVs from malignant ascitic supernatant demonstrates high expression of miR 200c-3p, miR18a-5p, miR1246, and miR1290 and low expression of miR 100- 5p as compared to EVs isolated from benign ascitic supernatant. The migration of ovarian cancer spheroids towards omental fat is enhanced in the presence of malignant ascitic EVs. Gene expression of these cells showed increased expression of ZBED2, ZBTB20, ABCC3, UHMK1, and low expression of Transgelin and MARCKS. We present evidence that ovarian ascitic EVs increase the growth of ovarian cancer spheroids through miRNAs.

scholarly journals LncRNA SPOCD1-AS from ovarian cancer extracellular vesicles remodels mesothelial cells to promote peritoneal metastasis via interacting with G3BP1

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Conghui Wang ◽  
Jiaying Wang ◽  
Xiameng Shen ◽  
Mingyue Li ◽  
Yongfang Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Peritoneal Metastasis ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Adhesion Assay ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition

Abstract Background Metastasis is the key cause of death in ovarian cancer patients. To figure out the biological nature of cancer metastasis is essential for developing effective targeted therapy. Here we investigate how long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SPOCD1-AS from ovarian cancer extracellular vesicles (EVs) remodel mesothelial cells through a mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (MMT) manner and facilitate peritoneal metastasis. Methods EVs purified from ovarian cancer cells and ascites of patients were applied to mesothelial cells. The MMT process of mesothelial cells was assessed by morphology observation, western blot analysis, migration assay and adhesion assay. Altered lncRNAs of EV-treated mesothelial cells were screened by RNA sequencing and identified by qRT-PCR. SPOCD1-AS was overexpressed or silenced by overexpression lentivirus or shRNA, respectively. RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to reveal the mechanism by which SPOCD1-AS remodeled mesothelial cells. Interfering peptides were synthesized and applied. Ovarian cancer orthotopic implantation mouse model was established in vivo. Results We found that ovarian cancer-secreted EVs could be taken into recipient mesothelial cells, induce the MMT phenotype and enhance cancer cell adhesion to mesothelial cells. Furthermore, SPOCD1-AS embedded in ovarian cancer-secreted EVs was transmitted to mesothelial cells to induce the MMT process and facilitate peritoneal colonization in vitro and in vivo. SPOCD1-AS induced the MMT process of mesothelial cells via interacting with G3BP1 protein. Additionally, G3BP1 interfering peptide based on the F380/F382 residues was able to block SPOCD1-AS/G3BP1 interaction, inhibit the MMT phenotype of mesothelial cells, and diminish peritoneal metastasis in vivo. Conclusions Our findings elucidate the mechanism associated with EVs and their cargos in ovarian cancer peritoneal metastasis and may provide a potential approach for metastatic ovarian cancer therapeutics.

scholarly journals Small extracellular vesicles ameliorate peripheral neuropathy and enhance chemotherapy of oxaliplatin on ovarian cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Yi Qin ◽  
Pasquale Cepparulo ◽  
Michael Millman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles

scholarly journals Extracellular Vesicles and Ovarian Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Aviles ◽  
David Warshal ◽  
Lauren Krill ◽  
Olga Ostrovsky
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Novel Targets ◽  
Immunomodulatory Therapies ◽  
Improve Clinical Outcome ◽  
Screening And Diagnosis

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a varied group of cell-derived, microscopic, fluid-filled pouches released from cells into neighboring microenvironments that are quickly gaining recognition as a potentially powerful tool against epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Recent studies show that not only do EVs play an integral part in the development of cancer through intercellular communication, cell survival, and immune modulation but also may assist with early diagnosis and improved treatments. EOC currently has few effective screening options for early detection of this disease; and, therefore, it is detected at an advanced stage where it is more likely to recur, develop chemoresistance, and ultimately become fatal. Newer research has evaluated EVs as biomarkers for early screening and diagnosis and as novel targets for treatment of EOC. Moreover, EVs are possible targets for novel immunomodulatory therapies to directly target cancer cells or make cancer cells more susceptible to other treatment modalities. Therefore, EVs present an exciting, promising approach which may improve clinical outcome for EOC patients.

scholarly journals Metagenomic Analysis of Serum Microbe-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Diagnostic Models to Differentiate Ovarian Cancer and Benign Ovarian Tumor

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se Ik Kim ◽  
Nayeon Kang ◽  
Sangseob Leem ◽  
Jinho Yang ◽  
HyunA Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Ovarian Tumor ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Metagenomic Analysis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Benign Ovarian Tumor ◽  
Diagnostic Models ◽  
Test Sets ◽  
Benign Ovarian Tumors

We aimed to develop a diagnostic model identifying ovarian cancer (OC) from benign ovarian tumors using metagenomic data from serum microbe-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). We obtained serum samples from 166 patients with pathologically confirmed OC and 76 patients with benign ovarian tumors. For model construction and validation, samples were randomly divided into training and test sets in the ratio 2:1. Isolation of microbial EVs from serum samples of the patients and 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing were carried out. Metagenomic and clinicopathologic data-based OC diagnostic models were constructed in the training set and then validated in the test set. There were significant differences in the metagenomic profiles between the OC and benign ovarian tumor groups; specifically, genus Acinetobacter was significantly more abundant in the OC group. More importantly, Acinetobacter was the only common genus identified by seven different statistical analysis methods. Among the various metagenomic and clinicopathologic data-based OC diagnostic models, the model consisting of age, serum CA-125 levels, and relative abundance of Acinetobacter showed the best diagnostic performance with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.898 and 0.846 in the training and test sets, respectively. Thus, our findings establish a metagenomic analysis of serum microbe-derived EVs as a potential tool for the diagnosis of OC.

scholarly journals Heterotypic CAF-tumor spheroids promote early peritoneal metastasis of ovarian cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 216 (3) ◽  
pp. 688-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinglei Gao ◽  
Zongyuan Yang ◽  
Sen Xu ◽  
Xiaoting Li ◽  
Xin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Peritoneal Dissemination ◽  
Tumor Stroma ◽  
Stromal Fibroblast ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cancer Associated Fibroblasts ◽  
Serous Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Metastatic Capacity

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is hallmarked by early onset of peritoneal dissemination, which distinguishes it from low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC). Here, we describe the aggressive nature of HGSOC ascitic tumor cells (ATCs) characterized by integrin α5high (ITGA5high) ATCs, which are prone to forming heterotypic spheroids with fibroblasts. We term these aggregates as metastatic units (MUs) in HGSOC for their advantageous metastatic capacity and active involvement in early peritoneal dissemination. Intriguingly, fibroblasts inside MUs support ATC survival and guide their peritoneal invasion before becoming essential components of the tumor stroma in newly formed metastases. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) recruit ITGA5high ATCs to form MUs, which further sustain ATC ITGA5 expression by EGF secretion. Notably, LGSOC is largely devoid of CAFs and the resultant MUs, which might explain its metastatic delay. These findings identify a specialized MU architecture that amplifies the tumor–stroma interaction and promotes transcoelomic metastasis in HGSOC, providing the basis for stromal fibroblast-oriented interventions in hampering OC peritoneal propagation.

scholarly journals Regulation of invasion and peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer by mesothelin manipulation

Oncogenesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Coelho ◽  
Sara Ricardo ◽  
Ana Luísa Amaral ◽  
Yen-Lin Huang ◽  
Mariana Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Peritoneal Dissemination
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