scholarly journals Wildlife population trends in protected areas predicted by national socio-economic metrics and body size

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan D. Barnes ◽  
Ian D. Craigie ◽  
Luke B. Harrison ◽  
Jonas Geldmann ◽  
Ben Collen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Wildlife Population

Ecological correlates in Brazilian Amazonian anurans: implications for conservation

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selvino Neckel-Oliveira ◽  
Selvino Neckel-Oliveira ◽  
Ulisses Galatti ◽  
Selvino Neckel-Oliveira ◽  
Ulisses Galatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Activity Period ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Geographic Ranges

The objective of the present study is to identify the ecological characteristics of Amazonian frogs that would make them candidates for endangered species status, and to quantify correlations between body size and geographic distribution. The study included 180 species for which information was available on life history characteristics, including reproductive mode, aquatic larval development, primary larval habitat and adult microhabitat, and activity period. Species with aquatic development were classified in eight ecological groups based on a cluster analysis. Twenty-eight of the aquatic-developing species share a stream-based larval development stage with groups of endangered or vulnerable species from Australia and Central America. The Amazonian species have geographic ranges around five times larger than their Australian and Central American counterparts. The median clutch size and geographic range in aquatic-developing anuran species were 20 percent and 3.3 percent greater, respectively, than those of terrestrial-developing species. For both aquatic- and terrestrial-developing species, body size was positively associated with clutch size. Body size was also correlated with geographic range in aquatic-developing, but not in terrestrial species. Restricted geographic ranges and a lack of populations in protected areas were recorded in both groups. Most of these species occur in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon, which not only has poor coverage of protected areas, but is becoming increasingly threatened by ongoing economic development. The systematic monitoring of the region’s anurans and the creation of new conservation units should thus be of the highest priority.

scholarly journals A global indicator of utilised wildlife populations: regional trends and the impact of management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise McRae ◽  
Robin Freeman ◽  
Jonas Geldmann ◽  
Grace B. Moss ◽  
Louise Kjær-Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Wildlife Population ◽  
Wildlife Populations ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe sustainable use of wildlife is a core aspiration of multi-lateral conservation policy but is the subject to intense debate in the scientific literature. We use a global data set of over 11,000 population time-series to derive indices of ‘used’ and ‘unused’ species and assess global and regional changes in wildlife populations – principally for mammals, birds and fishes. We also assess whether ‘management’ makes a measurable difference to wildlife population trends, especially for the used species populations. Our results show that wildlife population trends globally are negative, but with used populations tending to decline more rapidly, especially in Africa and the Americas. Crucially, where used populations are managed, using a variety of mechanisms, there is a positive impact on the trend. It is therefore true that use of species can both be a driver of negative population trends, or a driver of species recovery, with numerous species and population specific case examples making up these broader trends. This work is relevant to the evidence base for the IPBES Sustainable Use Assessment, and to the development of indicators of sustainable use of species under the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework being developed under the Convention on Biological Diversity.

scholarly journals Preserving an obscure bird: achievements and future challenges of Corncrake (Crex crex Linnaeus, 1758) conservation in Hungary

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
István Szentirmai ◽  
Sándor András Boldogh ◽  
Károly Nagy ◽  
Béla Habarics ◽  
Tibor Szép
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Protected Species ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Extract Information

Abstract The Corncrake is a strictly protected species in Hungary and a qualifying species of many Natura 2000 sites. Despite its Least concern global conservation status, it receives much attention and was elected as “Bird of the Year” by MME BirdLife Hungary in 2016. In this paper, we estimate its population trends and analyse the suitability of the protected area system and agri-environment schemes for the species. We compiled information on major threatening factors and conservation measures applied for the species. We reviewed international publications on the ecology and conservation management of the species to extract information for practical conservation. We estimated that 500–2000 pairs of Corncrakes breed in Hungary. Although their breeding sites are well covered by protected areas, Natura 2000 sites (42%) and High Nature Value Areas (67%), their population has declined by 55% over the last 20 years. We found that most of the major threatening factors are addressed by conservation management, and appropriate measures are applied in most cases. Recent research findings and recommendations by the BirdLife International Corncrake Conservation Team suggest that mowing of grasslands around nesting places should be delayed until 1–15 August either in the entire field or at least on 2 hectares around nests. Prescriptions of agri-environment schemes should also be adjusted to the above requirements and more farmers should be encouraged to enrol in Corncrake conservation programmes. We strongly suggest that more emphasis should be devoted to combat important threats for the most important breeding sites such as aridification and flooding.

scholarly journals Quantifying the impact of protected areas on near-global waterbird population trends, a pre-analysis plan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah S Wauchope ◽  
Julia P G Jones ◽  
Tatsuya Amano ◽  
Jonas Geldmann ◽  
Daniel Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Waterbird Species ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

There is increasing interest in the effectiveness of protected areas (PAs) for supporting populations of wildlife. While there are a number of association studies showing a relationship between protected areas and abundance or trends in wild species, studies with an appropriate counterfactual (what would have happened in the absence of protection) are rare. We use the world’s largest database on waterbird counts (covering 587 species at 21,989 sites globally) to answer three questions: 1) Do PAs have a positive impact on waterbird population trends relative to a counterfactual (this includes cases where a PA has lessened, but not halted, a population decline)?; 2) are PAs performing successfully by maintaining or increasing populations? and 3) what factors contribute to PA impact and performance? We selected 15,703 waterbird populations (here defined as a site species combination), consisting of 311 species at 870 protected sites, where PA designation occurred at least 5 years after the first survey date, and 5 years before the last. We will use this to compare trends before PA designation to those afterwards. We then matched these sites to unprotected sites with similar covariates in the years before PA designation, resulting in a matching dataset of 6,451 populations pairs consisting of 39 species at 769 pairs of protected and unprotected sites. We will use this to compare trends both before and after PA designation and inside and outside of PAs. Our results will shed light on the impact of PA on hundreds of waterbird species, providing much needed evidence regarding PA effectiveness. As PA performance is a sensitive subject and it is important to develop hypotheses before knowing the results (especially for the relatively complex data analysis used in matching protected and unprotected sites), we present a pre-analysis plan. This will ensure that the final paper’s analyses are hypotheses testing, rather than generating, and avoids the risk of, or perception of, data dredging.

Invasive water buffalo population trends and competition-related consequences for native rusa deer in eastern Indonesian protected areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Ariefiandy ◽  
Deni Purwandana ◽  
Muhammad Azmi ◽  
Maria Rosdalima Panggur ◽  
Juna Mardani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Population Trends

scholarly journals Quantifying the impact of protected areas on near-global waterbird population trends, a pre-analysis plan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah S Wauchope ◽  
Julia P G Jones ◽  
Tatsuya Amano ◽  
Jonas Geldmann ◽  
Daniel Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Waterbird Species ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

There is increasing interest in the effectiveness of protected areas (PAs) for supporting populations of wildlife. While there are a number of association studies showing a relationship between protected areas and abundance or trends in wild species, studies with an appropriate counterfactual (what would have happened in the absence of protection) are rare. We use the world’s largest database on waterbird counts (covering 587 species at 21,989 sites globally) to answer three questions: 1) Do PAs have a positive impact on waterbird population trends relative to a counterfactual (this includes cases where a PA has lessened, but not halted, a population decline)?; 2) are PAs performing successfully by maintaining or increasing populations? and 3) what factors contribute to PA impact and performance? We selected 9,650 waterbird populations (here defined as a site species combination), consisting of 262 species at 546 protected sites, where PA designation occurred at least 5 years after the first survey date, and 5 years before the last. We will use this to compare trends before PA designation to those afterwards. We then matched these sites to unprotected sites with similar covariates in the years before PA designation, resulting in a matching dataset of 3,677 populations consisting of 94 species at 514 pairs of protected and unprotected sites. We will use this to compare trends both before and after PA designation and inside and outside of PAs. Our results will shed light on the impact of PA on hundreds of waterbird species, providing much needed evidence regarding PA effectiveness. As PA performance is a sensitive subject and it is important to develop hypotheses before knowing the results (especially for the relatively complex data analysis used in matching protected and unprotected sites), we present a pre-analysis plan. This will ensure that the final paper’s analyses are hypotheses testing, rather than generating, and avoids the risk of, or perception of, data dredging.

scholarly journals Population trends of wintering waterbirds in Lombardy between 2002 and 2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Violetta Longoni ◽  
Diego Rubolini ◽  
Guido Pinoli ◽  
Mauro Fasola
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Ramsar Convention ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Bird Populations

Birds are among the most important biological components of wetlands. They play a key role in their ecology and are an important cultural resource for the public, in part because some species can be legally hunted. The conservation of waterbirds is especially important in terms of land use planning, in light of their ecological, cultural, and economic value. Here we summarize the results of wintering waterbirds censuses carried out in Lombardy between 2002 and 2013, using the standardized International Waterbird Census methodology. Our goals were to identify priority sites for waterbirds; estimate population sizes; define demographic trends; and provide a technical framework for making administrative and legislative decisions on the management and conservation of wetlands and their bird species. Lombardy hosts substantial numbers of wintering waterbirds, and many of its wetlands qualify as areas of conservation interest under Ramsar Convention criteria, as they host >1% of the Italian population of one or more species. Trends for the 20 species of highest conservation or hunting interest showed stable or increasing populations in most cases, with the exception of Black-necked Grebe, Common Pochard, and Eurasian Coot, which instead decreased in 2002-2013. The favourable population trends for most species suggest that the ecological status of Lombardy’s wetlands is essentially stable, but it could be improved by simple measures to improve the natural value of the shorelines and bottoms of major lakes and flooded gravel pits. Hunting was one of the main factors affecting the distribution and abundance of wintering waterbirds, which concentrate in protected areas - over 50% of all birds, rising to over 70% for species of conservation interest concentrate there, despite the fact that protected areas only account for 43% of sites surveyed. Overall, protected areas hosted bird densities that were almost seven times higher than those managed primarily for hunting, while mixed-use areas hosted intermediate densities of birds. The presence of protected and unprotected areas within the same wetland mitigates the effects of hunting on bird populations and species diversity, and may help maintain adequate conditions for their conservation.

The Uncertain Future of the Desert National Park in Rajasthan, India

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asad R. Rahmani
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Thar Desert ◽  
Wildlife Population ◽  
The Future ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
Salient Features ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Many Core

The 3,162 sq. km Desert National Park (DNP) is one of the largest protected areas in India. It represents all of the natural features of the Thar Desert in India. Since its establishment in the early 1980s, the wildlife population has increased, and now the Indian Gazelle, the Great Indian Bustard, the Desert Fox, etc., are easily seen in it. But although many core areas of 500 to 1,000 hectares each have been established, progress in the development of the Park is slow, and now the future of the Park itself is in jeopardy owing to a plan to construct a feeder canal of the main Indira Gandhi Nahar (canal) Project (IGNP), which would bisect the Park. It is feared that such improvement in irrigation facilites would make it impossible to shift the villagers outside the Park boundary, as had been planned earlier—and moreover, it would attract settlers to the Park. Salient features of the DNP, its important fauna, and various options to save the Park, are described in this paper.

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