Role of volcanic and anthropogenic aerosols in the recent global surface warming slowdown

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 936-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug M. Smith ◽  
Ben B. B. Booth ◽  
Nick J. Dunstone ◽  
Rosie Eade ◽  
Leon Hermanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Aerosols ◽  
Surface Warming ◽  
Global Surface

scholarly journals On the role of local depth and latitude on surface warming heterogeneity in the Laurentian Great Lakes

Inland Waters ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Elisa Calamita ◽  
Sebastiano Piccolroaz ◽  
Bruno Majone ◽  
Marco Toffolon
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Laurentian Great Lakes ◽  
Surface Warming ◽  
Local Depth

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Control on the Poleward Shift of the Extratropical Jet in Climate Change Simulations: The Role of Rising High Clouds and Their Radiative Effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 917-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
David W. J. Thompson ◽  
Sandrine Bony ◽  
Timothy M. Merlis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Radiative Effects ◽  
Considerable Uncertainty ◽  
Surface Warming ◽  
Thermodynamic Constraint ◽  
Poleward Shift ◽  
Cloud Radiative Effects ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
High Clouds

Extratropical eddy-driven jets are predicted to shift poleward in a warmer climate. Recent studies have suggested that cloud radiative effects (CRE) may enhance the amplitude of such shifts. But there is still considerable uncertainty about the underlying mechanisms, whereby CRE govern the jet response to climate change. This study provides new insights into the role of CRE in the jet response to climate change by exploiting the output from six global warming simulations run with and without atmospheric CRE (ACRE). Consistent with previous studies, it is found that the magnitude of the jet shift under climate change is substantially increased in simulations run with ACRE. It is hypothesized that ACRE enhance the jet response to climate change by increasing the upper-tropospheric baroclinicity due to the radiative effects of rising high clouds. The lifting of the tropopause and high clouds in response to surface warming arises from the thermodynamic constraints placed on water vapor concentrations. Hence, the influence of ACRE on the jet shift in climate change simulations may be viewed as an additional “robust” thermodynamic constraint placed on climate change by the Clausius–Clapeyron relation. The hypothesis is tested in simulations run with an idealized dry GCM, in which the model is perturbed with a thermal forcing that resembles the ACRE response to surface warming. It is demonstrated that 1) the enhanced jet shifts found in climate change simulations run with ACRE are consistent with the atmospheric response to the radiative warming associated with rising high clouds, and 2) the amplitude of the jet shift scales linearly with the amplitude of the ACRE forcing.

scholarly journals How Asian aerosols impact regional surface temperatures across the globe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joonas Merikanto ◽  
Kalle Nordling ◽  
Petri Räisänen ◽  
Jouni Räisänen ◽  
Declan O'Donnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Anthropogenic Aerosols ◽  
Atmospheric Energy ◽  
Atmospheric Energy Transport ◽  
Temperature Responses ◽  
Global Surface

Abstract. South and East Asian anthropogenic aerosols mostly reside in an air mass extending from the Indian Ocean to the North Pacific. Yet the surface temperature effects of Asian aerosols spread across the whole globe. Here, we remove Asian anthropogenic aerosols from two independent climate models (ECHAM6.1 and NorESM1) using the same representation of aerosols via MACv2-SP (a simple plume implementation of the 2nd version of the Max Planck Institute Aerosol Climatology). We then robustly decompose the global distribution of surface temperature responses into contributions from atmospheric energy flux changes. We find that the horizontal atmospheric energy transport strongly moderates the surface temperature response over the regions where Asian aerosols reside. Atmospheric energy transport and changes in clear-sky longwave radiation redistribute the temperature effects efficiently across the Northern hemisphere, and to a lesser extent also over the Southern hemisphere. The model-mean global surface temperature response to Asian anthropogenic aerosol removal is 0.26 ± 0.04 °C (0.22 ± 0.03 for ECHAM6.1 and 0.30 ± 0.03 °C for NorESM1) of warming. Model-to-model differences in global surface temperature response mainly arise from differences in longwave cloud (0.01 ± 0.01 for ECHAM6.1 and 0.05 ± 0.01 °C for NorESM1) and shortwave cloud (0.03 ± 0.03 for ECHAM6.1 and 0.07 ± 0.02 °C for NorESM1) responses. The differences in cloud responses between the models also dominate the differences in regional temperature responses. In both models, the Northern hemispheric surface warming amplifies towards the Arctic, where the total temperature response is highly seasonal and weakest during the Arctic summer. We estimate that under a strong Asian aerosol mitigation policy tied with strong climate mitigation (Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 1-1.9) the Asian aerosol reductions can add around 8 years' worth of current day global warming during the next few decades.

Role of anthropogenic aerosols in affecting different-grade precipitation over eastern China: A case study

2021 ◽  
pp. 150886
Author(s):  
Tianbin Shao ◽  
Yuzhi Liu ◽  
Renruoyu Wang ◽  
Qingzhe Zhu ◽  
Ziyuan Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Anthropogenic Aerosols

scholarly journals Air pollution slows down surface warming over the Tibetan Plateau

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 881-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aolin Jia ◽  
Shunlin Liang ◽  
Dongdong Wang ◽  
Bo Jiang ◽  
Xiaotong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Cmip5 Models ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Anthropogenic Aerosols ◽  
Surface Warming

Abstract. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) plays a vital role in regional and global climate change. The TP has been undergoing significant surface warming starting from 1850, with an air temperature increase of 1.39 K and surface solar dimming resulting from decreased incident solar radiation. The causes and impacts of solar dimming on surface warming are unclear. In this study, long-term (from 1850 to 2015) surface downward radiation datasets over the TP are developed by integrating 18 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) models and satellite products. The validation results from two ground measurement networks show that the generated downward surface radiation datasets have a higher accuracy than the mean of multiple CMIP5 datasets and the fused datasets of reanalysis and satellite products. After analyzing the generated radiation data with four air temperature datasets, we found that downward shortwave radiation (DSR) remained stable before 1950 and then declined rapidly at a rate of −0.53 W m−2 per decade, and that the fastest decrease in DSR occurs in the southeastern TP. Evidence from site measurements, satellite observations, reanalysis, and model simulations suggested that the TP solar dimming was primarily driven by increased anthropogenic aerosols. The TP solar dimming is stronger in summer, at the same time that the increasing magnitude of the surface air temperature is the smallest. The cooling effect of solar dimming offsets surface warming on the TP by 0.80±0.28 K (48.6±17.3 %) in summer since 1850. It helps us understand the role of anthropogenic aerosols in climate warming and highlights the need for additional studies to be conducted to quantify the influence of air pollution on regional climate change over the TP.

scholarly journals Air pollution slows down surface warming over the Tibetan Plateau

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aolin Jia ◽  
Shunlin Liang ◽  
Dongdong Wang ◽  
Bo Jiang ◽  
Xiaotong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Cmip5 Models ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Anthropogenic Aerosols ◽  
Surface Warming

Abstract. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) plays a vital role in regional and global climate change. The TP has been undergoing significant surface warming since 1850, with an air temperature increase of 1.39 K and surface solar dimming resulting from decreased incident solar radiation. The causes and impacts of solar dimming on surface warming are unclear. In this study, long-term (from 1850–2015) surface downward radiation datasets over the TP are developed by integrating 18 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models and satellite products. The validation results from two ground measurement networks show that the generated downward surface radiation datasets have higher accuracy than the mean of multiple CMIP5 and the fused datasets of reanalysis and satellite products. After analyzing the generated radiation data with four air temperature datasets, we found that downward shortwave radiation (DSR) remained stable before 1950 and then declined rapidly at a rate of −0.53 W m−2 per decade and that the fastest decrease in DSR is in the southeastern TP. Evidence from site measurements, satellite observations, reanalysis, and model simulations suggested that TP solar dimming was primarily driven by increased anthropogenic aerosols. The TP solar dimming is stronger in summer, at the same time that the increasing magnitude of the surface air temperature is the smallest. The cooling effect of solar dimming offsets surface warming on the TP by 0.80 ± 0.28 K (48.6 ± 17.3 %) in summer. It helps us understand the role of anthropogenic aerosols in climate warming, and highlights the need for additional studies to be conducted to quantify the influence of air pollution on regional climate change over the TP.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document