Effects of interannual climate variability on tropical tree cover

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 755-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Holmgren ◽  
Marina Hirota ◽  
Egbert H. van Nes ◽  
Marten Scheffer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Tropical Tree ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Interannual Climate Variability

scholarly journals Simulated rice yields as affected by interannual climate variability and possible climate change in Java

1999 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Amien ◽  
P Redjekiningrum ◽  
B Kartiwa ◽  
W Estiningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Interannual Climate Variability

Eastward Shift of Interannual Climate Variability in the South Indian Ocean since 1950

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Weiqing Han ◽  
Kristopher B. Karnauskas ◽  
Yuanlong Li ◽  
Tomoki Tozuka
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Decadal Variability ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Tropical Pacific ◽  
The South ◽  
South Indian Ocean ◽  
Climate Modes ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Interannual Climate Variability

AbstractThe subtropical Indian Ocean Dipole (SIOD) and Ningaloo Niño are the two dominant modes of interannual climate variability in the subtropical South Indian Ocean. Observations show that the SIOD has been weakening in the recent decades, while Ningaloo Niño has been strengthening. In this study, we investigate the causes for such changes by analyzing climate model experiments using the NCAR Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1). Ensemble-mean results from CESM1 large-ensemble (CESM1-LE) suggest that the external forcing causes negligible changes in the amplitudes of the SIOD and Ningaloo Niño, suggesting a dominant role of internal climate variability. Meanwhile, results from CESM1 pacemaker experiments reveal that the observed changes in the two climate modes cannot be attributed to the effect of sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in either the tropical Pacific or tropical Indian Oceans. By further comparing different ensemble members from the CESM1-LE, we find that a Warm Pool Dipole mode of decadal variability, with opposite SSTA in the southeast Indian Ocean and the western-central tropical Pacific Ocean plays an important role in driving the observed changes in the SIOD and Ningaloo Niño. These changes in the two climate modes have considerable impacts on precipitation and sea level variabilities in the South Indian Ocean region.

Links between interannual climate variability and marine ecosystems in the Tropical Atlantic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Sanchez ◽  
Marta Martin Rey ◽  
Roland Seferian ◽  
Yeray Santana-Falcon
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Tropical Atlantic ◽  
Coupled Modes ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Interannual Climate Variability

<p>The interannual climate variability in the Tropical Atlantic is mainly controlled by two air-sea coupled modes denoted as Meridional Mode (MM) and Equatorial Mode (EM). The MM, peaking in boreal spring, is characterized by an anomalous Sea Surface Temperature (SST) interhemispheric gradient associated with anomalous surface cross-equatorial winds blowing to the warmer hemisphere.  On the other hand, the positive phase of the EM exhibits an anomalous warming in the equatorial band and along the African coast, related to a weakening of the climatological trade winds. Both interannual modes illustrate significant SST and surface wind changes in the eastern boundary upwelling systems (EBUS) of the tropical Atlantic: the Senegal-Mauritanian and Angola-Benguela. The EBUS are characterized by wind-induced coastal upwelling of deep cold waters rich in nutrients supporting high primary productivity and an abundance of food resources. Hence, the physical or climate characteristics associated with the MM and EM may have a potential effect on marine organisms and ecosystems. The goal of this study is to understand the links between the main modes of tropical Atlantic variability and biogeochemical (BGC) variables such as oxygen, net primary production and ph. These are known to be the main drivers for marine ecosystems. Firstly we study the influence of MM and AM on the EBUS and how these links are represented by the coupled ESM CNRM-ESM2.1 against observations. Second, we use the ESM to investigate the links between the SST anomalies associated to MM and EM and the main BGC stressors mentioned above. For this purpose, a set of numerical experiments performed with CMIP6 climate models are used. This work is supported by the H2020 TRIATLAS project, whose main goal is to understand and evaluate the future evolution of living marine resources in the Atlantic Ocean.</p>

scholarly journals Porites corals from Crete (Greece) open a window into Late Miocene (10Ma) seasonal and interannual climate variability

2006 ◽  
Vol 245 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 81-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
T BRACHERT ◽  
M REUTER ◽  
T FELIS ◽  
K KROEGER ◽  
G LOHMANN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Interannual Climate Variability
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