Tudor staphylococcal nuclease is an evolutionarily conserved component of the programmed cell death degradome

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1347-1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens F. Sundström ◽  
Alena Vaculova ◽  
Andrei P. Smertenko ◽  
Eugene I. Savenkov ◽  
Anna Golovko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Staphylococcal Nuclease ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved

Emerging Role of Mitophagy in Inflammatory Diseases: Cellular and Molecular Episodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Adil A.A. ◽  
Shabnam Ameenudeen ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
S. Hemalatha ◽  
Neesar Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Mitochondrial Quality Control ◽  
Mitochondrial Injury ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved

Mitochondria are the crucial regulators for the major source of ATP for different cellular events. Due to damage episodes, mitochondria have been established for a plethora ofalarming signals of stress that lead to cellular deterioration, thereby causing programmed cell death. Defects in mitochondria play a key role in arbitrating pathophysiological machinery with recent evince delineating a constructive role in mitophagy mediated mitochondrial injury. Mitophagy has been known for the eradication of damaged mitochondria via the autophagy process. Mitophagy has been investigated as an evolutionarily conserved mechanism for mitochondrial quality control and homeostasis. Impaired mitophagy has been critically linked with the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism is not quite revealed, and it is still debatable. The purpose of this review was to investigate the possible role of mitophagy and its associated mechanism in inflammation-mediated diseases at both the cellular and molecular levels.

BH3-only proteins — evolutionarily conserved proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members essential for initiating programmed cell death

2002 ◽  
Vol 115 (8) ◽  
pp. 1567-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Bouillet ◽  
Andreas Strasser
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Protein Family ◽  
Cell Stress ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Apoptotic Cascade

The BH3-only members of the Bcl-2 protein family are essential initiators of programmed cell death and are required for apoptosis induced by cytotoxic stimuli. These proteins have evolved to recognise distinct forms of cell stress. In response, they unleash the apoptotic cascade by inactivating the protective function of the pro-survival members of the Bcl-2 family and by activating the Bax/Bax-like pro-apoptotic family members.

scholarly journals Golgi anti-apoptotic proteins are evolutionarily conserved ion channels that regulate cell death in plants

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maija Sierla ◽  
David L. Prole ◽  
Nuno Saraiva ◽  
Guia Carrara ◽  
Natalia Dinischiotu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Yellow Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Lesion Mimic ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Apoptotic Proteins ◽  
Regulate Cell Death

ABSTRACTProgrammed cell death regulates developmental and stress responses in eukaryotes. Golgi anti-apoptotic proteins (GAAPs) are evolutionarily conserved cell death regulators. Human and viral GAAPs inhibit apoptosis and modulate intracellular Ca2+fluxes, and viral GAAPs form cation-selective channels. Although most mammalian cell death regulators are not conserved at the sequence level in plants, the GAAP gene family shows expansion, with five paralogues (AtGAAP1-5) in the Arabidopsis genome. We pursued molecular and physiological characterization of AtGAAPs making use of the advanced knowledge of their human and viral counterparts. Structural modeling of AtGAAPs predicted the presence of a channel-like pore, and electrophysiological recordings from purified AtGAAP3 reconstituted into lipid bilayers confirmed that plant GAAPs can function as ion channels. AtGAAP1 and AtGAAP4 localized exclusively to the Golgi within the plant cell, while AtGAAP2, AtGAAP3 and AtGAAP5 also showed tonoplastic localization. Gene expression analysis revealed differential spatial expression and abundance of transcript forAtGAAPparalogues in Arabidopsis tissues. We demonstrate that AtGAAP1-5 inhibit Bax-induced cell death in yeast. However, overexpression of AtGAAP1 induces cell death inNicotiana benthamianaleaves and lesion mimic phenotype in Arabidopsis. We propose that AtGAAPs function as Golgi-localized ion channels that regulate cell death by affecting ionic homeostasis within the cell.HighlightArabidopsis Golgi anti-apoptotic proteins (GAAPs) share functional conservation with their human and viral counterparts in cell death regulation and ion channel activityAbbreviationsAtGAAP,Arabidopsis thalianaGAAP; BI-1, Bax inhibitor-1; CFP, cyan fluorescent protein; CMLV, camelpox virus; ER, Endoplasmic reticulum; GAAP, Golgi anti-apoptotic protein; GFP, green fluorescent protein; hGAAP, human GAAP; LFG, Lifeguard; LMM, lesion mimic mutant; PCD, programmed cell death; TMBIM, transmembrane Bax inhibitor-1 motif-containing; TMDs, transmembrane domains; vGAAP, viral GAAP; YFP, yellow fluorescent protein

scholarly journals Programmed cell death along the midline axis patterns ipsilaterality in gastrulation

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (6474) ◽  
pp. 197-200
Author(s):  
Lisandro Maya-Ramos ◽  
Takashi Mikawa
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Bilateral Symmetry ◽  
Body Plan ◽  
Positive Functional ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Human Disorders ◽  
Mesenchymal Transformation ◽  
Germ Layer Patterning

Bilateral symmetry is the predominant body plan in the animal kingdom. Cells on the left and right sides remain compartmentalized on their ipsilateral side throughout life, but with occasional variation, as evidenced by gynandromorphs and human disorders. How this evolutionarily conserved body plan is programmed remains a fundamental yet unanswered question. Here, we show that germ-layer patterning in avian gastrulation is ipsilateral despite cells undergoing highly invasive mesenchymal transformation and cell migration. Contralateral invasion is suppressed by extracellular matrix (ECM) and programmed cell death (PCD) along the embryonic midline. Ipsilateral gastrulation was lost by midline ECM and PCD inhibition but restored with exogenously induced PCD. Our data support ipsilaterality as an integral component of bilaterality and highlight a positive functional role of PCD in development.

Nma111p, the pro-apoptotic HtrA-like nuclear serine protease in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a short survey

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1499-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birthe Fahrenkrog
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Serine Protease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Apoptosis Protein ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved

The baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is also capable of undergoing programmed cell death or apoptosis, for example in response to viral infection as well as during chronological and replicative aging. Intrinsically, programmed cell death in yeast can be induced by, for example, H2O2, acetic acid or the mating-type pheromone. A number of evolutionarily conserved apoptosis-regulatory proteins have been identified in yeast, one of which is the HtrA (high-temperature requirement A)-like serine protease Nma111p (Nma is nuclear mediator of apoptosis). Nma111p is a nuclear serine protease of the HtrA family, which targets Bir1p, the only known inhibitor-of-apoptosis protein in yeast. Nma111p mediates apoptosis in a serine-protease-dependent manner and exhibits its activity exclusively in the nucleus. How the activity of Nma111p is regulated has remained largely elusive, but some evidence points to a control by phosphorylation. Current knowledge of Nma111p's function in apoptosis will be discussed in the present review.

The role of caspases as executioners of apoptosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharad Kumar ◽  
Loretta Dorstyn ◽  
Yoon Lim
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Apoptotic Cell Death ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Aspartyl Proteases

Caspases are a family of cysteine aspartyl proteases mostly involved in the execution of apoptotic cell death and in regulating inflammation. This article focuses primarily on the evolutionarily conserved function of caspases in apoptosis. We summarise which caspases are involved in apoptosis, how they are activated and regulated, and what substrates they target for cleavage to orchestrate programmed cell death by apoptosis.

Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Primary Brain Tumors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Seyed Mir ◽  
A.-S. Berghoff ◽  
M. Preusser ◽  
G. Ricken ◽  
J. Riedl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Primary Brain Tumors
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document