Semisynthetic production of unnatural L-α-amino acids by metabolic engineering of the cysteine-biosynthetic pathway

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. P. Maier
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway

scholarly journals Metabolic engineering strategy for synthetizing trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline in microorganisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Zhang ◽  
Pengfu Liu ◽  
Weike Su ◽  
Huawei Zhang ◽  
Wenqian Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Microbial Cell Factories ◽  
Important Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Engineering Strategy ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
New Strategies

AbstractTrans-4-hydroxy-l-proline is an important amino acid that is widely used in medicinal and industrial applications, particularly as a valuable chiral building block for the organic synthesis of pharmaceuticals. Traditionally, trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline is produced by the acidic hydrolysis of collagen, but this process has serious drawbacks, such as low productivity, a complex process and heavy environmental pollution. Presently, trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline is mainly produced via fermentative production by microorganisms. Some recently published advances in metabolic engineering have been used to effectively construct microbial cell factories that have improved the trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline biosynthetic pathway. To probe the potential of microorganisms for trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline production, new strategies and tools must be proposed. In this review, we provide a comprehensive understanding of trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline, including its biosynthetic pathway, proline hydroxylases and production by metabolic engineering, with a focus on improving its production.

scholarly journals Recycling of the Anhydro-N-Acetylmuramic Acid Derived from Cell Wall Murein Involves a Two-Step Conversion to N-Acetylglucosamine-Phosphate

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (11) ◽  
pp. 3643-3649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Uehara ◽  
Kyoko Suefuji ◽  
Noelia Valbuena ◽  
Brian Meehan ◽  
Michael Donegan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Deletion Mutant ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Cell Extract ◽  
Amino Sugars ◽  
Kinase Gene

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli breaks down over 60% of the murein of its side wall and reuses the component amino acids to synthesize about 25% of the cell wall for the next generation. The amino sugars of the murein are also efficiently recycled. Here we show that the 1,6-anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid (anhMurNAc) is returned to the biosynthetic pathway by conversion to N-acetylglucosamine-phosphate (GlcNAc-P). The sugar is first phosphorylated by anhydro- N -acetylmuramic acid kinase (AnmK), yielding MurNAc-P, and this is followed by action of an etherase which cleaves the bond between d-lactic acid and the N-acetylglucosamine moiety of MurNAc-P, yielding GlcNAc-P. The kinase gene has been identified by a reverse genetics method. The enzyme was overexpressed, purified, and characterized. The cell extract of an anmK deletion mutant totally lacked activity on anhMurNAc. Surprisingly, in the anmK mutant, anhMurNAc did not accumulate in the cytoplasm but instead was found in the medium, indicating that there was rapid efflux of free anhMurNAc.

scholarly journals Violet/Blue Chrysanthemums—Metabolic Engineering of the Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway Results in Novel Petal Colors

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1696-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippa Brugliera ◽  
Guo-Qing Tao ◽  
Ursula Tems ◽  
Gianna Kalc ◽  
Ekaterina Mouradova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway

Current status on metabolic engineering for the production of l-aspartate family amino acids and derivatives

2017 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 1588-1602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjun Li ◽  
Hongbo Wei ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Qingyang Xu ◽  
Chenglin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Amino Acids And Derivatives ◽  
Aspartate Family
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