Sequence-dependent stimulation of the mammalian innate immune response by synthetic siRNA

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam D Judge ◽  
Vandana Sood ◽  
Janet R Shaw ◽  
Dianne Fang ◽  
Kevin McClintock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Sequence Dependent ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals TLR3-mediated NF-κB signaling in human esophageal epithelial cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (6) ◽  
pp. G1172-G1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana M. Lim ◽  
Sneha Narasimhan ◽  
Carmen Z. Michaylira ◽  
Mei-Lun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Esophageal Epithelium ◽  
Esophageal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Stimulation Of

Despite its position at the front line against ingested pathogens, very little is presently known about the role of the esophageal epithelium in host innate immune defense. As a key player in the innate immune response, Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling has not been well characterized in human esophageal epithelial cells. In the present study, we investigated the inflammatory response and signaling pathways activated by TLR stimulation of human esophageal cells in vitro. Using quantitative RT-PCR, we profiled the expression pattern of human TLRs 1–10 in primary esophageal keratinocytes (EPC2), immortalized nontransformed esophageal keratinocytes (EPC2-hTERT), and normal human esophageal mucosal biopsies and found that TLRs 1, 2, 3, and 5 were expressed both in vivo and in vitro. Using the cytokine IL-8 as a physiological read out of the inflammatory response, we found that TLR3 is the most functional of the expressed TLRs in both primary and immortalized esophageal epithelial cell lines in response to its synthetic ligand polyinosinic polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]. Through reporter gene studies, we show that poly(I:C)-induced NF-κB activation is critical for the transactivation of the IL-8 promoter in vitro and that nuclear translocation of NF-κB occurs at an early time point following poly(I:C) stimulation of esophageal epithelial cells. Importantly, we also show that poly(I:C) stimulation induces the NF-κB-dependent esophageal epithelial expression of TLR2, leading to enhanced epithelial responsiveness of EPC2-hTERT cells to TLR2 ligand stimulation, suggesting an important regulatory role for TLR3-mediated NF-κB signaling in the innate immune response of esophageal epithelial cells. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that TLR3 is highly functional in the human esophageal epithelium and that TLR3-mediated NF-κB signaling may play an important regulatory role in esophageal epithelial homeostasis.

Non-healing is associated with persistent stimulation of the innate immune response in chronic venous leg ulcers

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brita S. Pukstad ◽  
Liv Ryan ◽  
Trude H. Flo ◽  
Jørgen Stenvik ◽  
Ryan Moseley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Leg Ulcers ◽  
Venous Leg Ulcers ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Antitumor Activity of cGAMP via Stimulation of cGAS-cGAMP-STING-IRF3 Mediated Innate Immune Response

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiejun Li ◽  
Hao Cheng ◽  
Hong Yuan ◽  
Qiming Xu ◽  
Chang Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Stimulation Of
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