Recombinant Chicken and Bovine Growth Hormones Accelerate Growth in Aquacultured Juvenile Pacific Salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 643-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline A. Gill ◽  
John P. Sumpter ◽  
Edward M. Donaldson ◽  
Helen M. Dye ◽  
Larry Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Growth Hormones ◽  
Accelerate Growth ◽  
Juvenile Pacific Salmon

Assessing estuaries as stopover habitats for juvenile Pacific salmon

2016 ◽  
Vol 559 ◽  
pp. 201-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
JW Moore ◽  
J Gordon ◽  
C Carr-Harris ◽  
AS Gottesfeld ◽  
SM Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Juvenile Pacific Salmon

scholarly journals Evidence for Freshwater Residualism in Coho Salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, From a Watershed on the North Coast of British Columbia

2017 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric A Parkinson ◽  
Chris J Perrin ◽  
Daniel Ramos-Espinoza ◽  
Eric B Taylor
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
Seaward Migration ◽  
Mature Fish

The Coho Salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, is one of seven species of Pacific salmon and trout native to northeastern Pacific Ocean watersheds. The species is typically anadromous; adults reproduce in fresh water where juveniles reside for 1–2 years before seaward migration after which the majority of growth occurs in the ocean before maturation at 2–4 years old when adults return to fresh water to spawn. Here, we report maturation of Coho Salmon in two freshwater lakes on the north coast of British Columbia apparently without their being to sea. A total of 15 mature fish (11 males and four females) were collected in two lakes across two years. The mature fish were all at least 29 cm in total length and ranged in age from three to five years old. The occurrence of Coho Salmon that have matured in fresh water without first going to sea is exceedingly rare in their natural range, especially for females. Such mature Coho Salmon may represent residual and distinct breeding populations from those in adjacent streams. Alternatively, they may result from the ephemeral restriction in the opportunity to migrate seaward owing to low water levels in the spring when Coho Salmon typically migrate to sea after 1–2 years in fresh water. Regardless of their origin, the ability to mature in fresh water without seaward migration may represent important adaptive life history plasticity in response to variable environments.

A preliminary study of insulin participation in the growth regulation of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1756-1758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Ludwig ◽  
David A. Higgs ◽  
Ulf H. M. Fagerlund ◽  
Jack R. McBride
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Pancreatic B Cells ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Specific Growth Rates

As part of an ongoing survey to identify hormones capable of stimulating growth in Pacific salmon, groups of underyearling coho salmon were injected with bovine (Ultralente) insulin (0.32, 1.0, 3.2, or 10 IU/kg body weight) into the peritoneal cavity either once or twice weekly for 70 days.All doses of insulin, when injected twice weekly, increased the values for specific growth rates and decreased those for food–gain ratios relative to solvent-injected controls, but the differences were not statistically significant. All doses of insulin caused a marked increase in the granulation of the pancreatic B cells. Plasma glucose concentrations in starved coho injected with 10 IU insulin/kg body weight were significantly lower than in solvent-injected controls 4 h after injection.It is concluded that proper evaluation of the effectiveness of insulin as a growth promoter for salmon requires further studies preferably using insulin preparations specific to teleosts.

The Ecology of Juvenile Salmon in the Northeast Pacific Ocean: Regional Comparisons

2007 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Gulf Of Alaska ◽  
Juvenile Salmon ◽  
Stomach Fullness ◽  
Feeding Intensity ◽  
Percentage Weight ◽  
Juvenile Pacific Salmon ◽  
Survival Patterns

Abstract.—Upon entering marine waters, juvenile Pacific salmon <em>Oncorhynchus </em>spp. depend on feeding at high and sustained levels to achieve growth necessary for survival. In the last decade, several concurrent studies have been examining the food habits and feeding intensity of juvenile Pacific salmon in the shelf regions from California to the northern Gulf of Alaska. In this paper, we compared results from feeding studies for all five species of juvenile salmon (Chinook salmon <em>O. tshawytscha</em>, coho salmon <em>O. kisutch</em>, chum salmon <em>O. keta, </em>sockeye salmon <em>O. nerka</em>, and pink salmon <em>O. gorbuscha</em>) between 2000 and 2002, years when these regions were sampled extensively. Within these years, we temporally stratified our samples to include early (May–July) and late (August–October) periods of ocean migration. Coho and Chinook salmon diets were most similar due to a high consumption of fish prey, whereas pink, chum, and sockeye salmon diets were more variable with no consistently dominant prey taxa. Salmon diets varied more spatially (by oceanographic and regional factors) than temporally (by season or year) in terms of percentage weight or volume of major prey categories. We also examined regional variations in feeding intensity based on stomach fullness (expressed as percent body weight) and percent of empty or overly full stomachs. Stomach fullness tended to be greater off Alaska than off the west coast of the United States, but the data were highly variable. Results from these comparisons provide a large-scale picture of juvenile salmon feeding in coastal waters throughout much of their range, allowing for comparison with available prey resources, growth, and survival patterns associated with the different regions.

scholarly journals Historical Diets of Forage Fish and Juvenile Pacific Salmon in the Strait of Georgia, 1966–1968

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 580-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey J. Osgood ◽  
Laura A. Kennedy ◽  
Jessica J. Holden ◽  
Eric Hertz ◽  
Skip McKinnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Forage Fish ◽  
Strait Of Georgia ◽  
Juvenile Pacific Salmon

scholarly journals THE OCULAR STRUCTURE, RETINOMOTOR AND PHOTO-BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES OF JUVENILE PACIFIC SALMON

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 965-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Light Adaptation ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Visual Cells ◽  
Ocular Structure ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Juvenile Pacific Salmon ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Plexiform Layers

A histological study of the eyes of juvenile sockeye, coho, pink, and chum salmon in fresh water shows that the cones and external nuclear and plexiform layers of the retinae of embryos and alevins are poorly differentiated and do not attain normal histological or physiological proportions until the emergence of fry from the gravel. From a histophysiological study it is evident that only the emerged fry and older stages are capable of retinomotor responses and that these responses become more marked with age. Differences in rates of adaptation are found among the species and stages. Generally, the pigment layer shows a latent period before contraction in dark. Sensitivity to light is independent of the complete light adaptation of the retinal pigment or visual cells, while full acuity of vision is dependent upon the complete light adaptation of cones. Threshold values of cones and rods are indicated by the feeding and schooling responses. At light intensities between the cone and rod thresholds the thicknesses of pigment and cone layers obey the Weber-Fechner law. There is no diurnal rhythm in the positions of retinal pigment and cones of juvenile Oncorhynchus either under constant light or dark. Results are discussed in relation to the migratory, schooling, and feeding behavior. The rapid downstream migration of juvenile salmon during a relatively short period in the night may be related to a semi-dark-adapted state of the eye.

Fecundity of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) from the Great Lakes and a Comparison with Ocean Salmon

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1150-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Stauffer
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Early Life ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Lake Superior ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Freshwater Salmon

I measured fecundity of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) that matured in the Great Lakes to make comparisons with Pacific Ocean coho salmon and among groups of Great Lakes salmon. Numbers of eggs produced (1600–3500) by Great Lakes salmon were comparable to production (1500–3300) by Pacific salmon of similar size. Average egg diameters of Lake Michigan (7.1–7.4 mm) and Pacific salmon (6.1–7.4 mm) were also comparable but Lake Superior eggs were smaller (5.1–5.4 mm). Fecundity of second generation freshwater salmon which originated from Lake Michigan eggs was similar to that of the first generation which originated from Pacific eggs because the average numbers (2938–3243) and diameters (7.1–7.4 mm) of eggs produced were about the same. On the average, Lake Michigan salmon contained more (2938) and larger (7.1-mm diam) eggs than did Lake Superior salmon (2150 and 5.1-mm diam) of the same year-class and early life history.

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