Carbon dioxide release from the North Pacific abyss during the last deglaciation

Nature ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 449 (7164) ◽  
pp. 890-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Galbraith ◽  
Samuel L. Jaccard ◽  
Thomas F. Pedersen ◽  
Daniel M. Sigman ◽  
Gerald H. Haug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
The North ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Release ◽  
The Last Deglaciation ◽  
The North Pacific

scholarly journals Wind‐Driven Evolution of the North Pacific Subpolar Gyre Over the Last Deglaciation

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Gray ◽  
Robert C. J. Wills ◽  
James W. B. Rae ◽  
Andrea Burke ◽  
Ruza F. Ivanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Subpolar Gyre ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
The North ◽  
The Last Deglaciation ◽  
The North Pacific

scholarly journals Wind-driven evolution of the North Pacific subpolar gyre over the last deglaciation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Robert Gray ◽  
Robert C. J. Wills ◽  
James William Buchanan Rae ◽  
Andrea Burke ◽  
Ruza F Ivanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Subpolar Gyre ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
The North ◽  
The Last Deglaciation ◽  
The North Pacific

scholarly journals Wind-driven evolution of the North Pacific subpolar gyre over the last deglaciation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Gray ◽  
Robert Jnglin Wills ◽  
James Rae ◽  
Andrea Burke ◽  
Ruza Ivanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Subpolar Gyre ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
The North ◽  
The Last Deglaciation ◽  
The North Pacific

scholarly journals In situ observation of atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide in the North Pacific using a cargo ship

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 9283-9295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hoshina ◽  
Yasunori Tohjima ◽  
Keiichi Katsumata ◽  
Toshinobu Machida ◽  
Shin-ichiro Nakaoka
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Mole Fraction ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
The United States ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific

Abstract. Atmospheric oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) variations in the North Pacific were measured aboard a cargo ship, the New Century 2 (NC2), while it cruised between Japan and the United States between December 2015 and November 2016. A fuel cell analyzer and a nondispersive infrared analyzer were used for the measurement of O2 and CO2, respectively. To achieve parts-per-million precision for the O2 measurements, we precisely controlled the flow rates of the sample and reference air introduced into the analyzers and the outlet pressure. A relatively low airflow rate (10 cm3 min−1) was adopted to reduce the consumption rate of the reference gases. In the laboratory, the system achieved measurement precisions of 3.8 per meg for δ(O2 ∕ N2), which is commonly used to express atmospheric O2 variation, and 0.1 ppm for the CO2 mole fraction. After the in situ observation started aboard NC2, we found that the ship's motion caused false wavy variations in the O2 signal with an amplitude of more than several tens of ppm and a period of about 20 s. Although we have not resolved the problem at this stage, hourly averaging considerably suppressed the variation associated with ship motion. Comparison between the in situ observation and flask sampling of air samples aboard NC2 showed that the averaged differences (in situ–flask) and the standard deviations (±1σ) are −2.8 ± 9.4 per meg for δ(O2 ∕ N2) and −0.02 ± 0.33 ppm for the CO2 mole fraction. We compared 1 year of in situ data for atmospheric potential oxygen (APO; O2 +1.1×CO2) obtained from the broad middle-latitude region (140∘ E–130∘ W, 29∘ N–45∘ N) with previous flask sampling data from the North Pacific. This comparison showed that longitudinal differences in the seasonal amplitude of APO, ranging from 51 to 73 per meg, were smaller than the latitudinal differences.

Large Surface Carbon Dioxide Anomalies in the North Pacific Ocean

Nature ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 215 (5099) ◽  
pp. 380-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. PARK ◽  
H. C. CURL ◽  
W. A. GLOOSCHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
North Pacific Ocean ◽  
Surface Carbon ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific

scholarly journals Laminated sediments in the Bering Sea reveal atmospheric teleconnections to Greenland climate on millennial to decadal timescales during the last deglaciation

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2467-2518 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kuehn ◽  
L. Lembke-Jene ◽  
R. Gersonde ◽  
O. Esper ◽  
F. Lamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
North Pacific Ocean ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Laminated Sediments ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Last Deglaciation ◽  
The North ◽  
Decadal Scale ◽  
The Last Deglaciation

Abstract. During the last glacial termination, the upper North Pacific Ocean underwent dramatic and rapid changes in oxygenation that lead to the transient intensification of Oxygen Minimum Zones (OMZs), recorded by the widespread occurrence of laminated sediments on circum-Pacific continental margins. We present a new laminated sediment record from the mid-depth (1100 m) northern Bering Sea margin that provides insight into these deglacial OMZ maxima with exceptional, decadal-scale detail. Combined ultrahigh-resolution micro-XRF data and sediment facies analysis of laminae reveals an alternation between predominantly terrigenous and diatom-dominated opal sedimentation. The diatomaceous laminae are interpreted to represent spring/summer productivity events that occur at the retreating sea ice margin. We identified five laminated sections in the deglacial part of our site. Laminae counts were carried out on these sections and correlated to the Bølling–Allerød and Preboreal phases in North Greenland Ice Core (NGRIP) oxygen isotope record, indicating an annual deposition of individual laminae couplets. The observed rapid intra-decadal intensifications of anoxia, in particular within the Bølling–Allerød, are tightly coupled to short-term warm events through increases in regional biogenic productivity. By correlating the counted laminated sections with Bering Sea Surface Temperature records (SST) and NGRIP δ18O data, we propose a deglacial minimum SST of 6–7 °C for the preservation of laminae, which we call the deglacial temperature threshold for anoxia occurrence, a process that strongly implies a close atmospheric teleconnection between the North Pacific and North Atlantic regions. We suggest that concomitant increases in Bering Sea biogenic productivity, in combination with oxygen-poor waters entering the Being Sea, drove down oxygen concentrations to values below 0.1 mL L-1 and caused laminae preservation. Calculated benthic-planktic ventilation ages show no significant variations throughout the last deglaciation, indicating that changes in formation rates or differing sources of North Pacific mid-depth waters are not prime candidates for strengthening the OMZ at our site. The age models established by our correlation procedure allow to determine calendar age control points for the Bølling–Allerød and the Preboreal that are independent of the initial radiocarbon-based chronology. Resulting calculated reservoir ages are 875 yr during the Bølling–Allerød, and 910–770 yr for the Younger Dryas and the Preboreal, respectively.

scholarly journals In situ observation of atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide in the North Pacific using a cargo ship

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hoshina ◽  
Yasunori Tohjima ◽  
Keiichi Katsumata ◽  
Toshinobu Machida ◽  
Shin-ichiro Nakaoka
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
The United States ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific

Abstract. Atmospheric oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) mixing ratios in the North Pacific were observed onboard a cargo ship, the New Century 2 (NC2), while it cruised between Japan and the United States between December 2015 and November 2016. A fuel cell analyzer and a non-dispersive infrared analyzer were used for measurement of O2 and CO2, respectively. To achieve parts-per-million precision for the O2 measurements, we precisely controlled the flow rates of the sample and reference air introduced into the analyzers and the outlet pressure. A relatively low airflow rate (10 cm3 min−1) was adopted to reduce the consumption rate of the reference gases. In the laboratory, the system achieved measurement precisions of 3.8 per meg for the O2 / N2 ratio, which is commonly used to express atmospheric O2 variation, and 0.1 ppm for the CO2 mixing ratio. After the in situ observation started onboard NC2, we found that the ship's motion caused false wavy variations of the O2 signal with an amplitude of more than several tens of ppm and a period of about 20 s. Although we have not resolved the problem at this stage, hourly averaging considerably suppressed the variation associated with ship motion. Comparison between the in situ observation and flask sampling of air samples onboard NC2 showed that the averaged differences (in situ – flask) and the standard deviations (±1σ) are −2.1 ± 9.2 per meg for the O2 / N2 ratio and −0.02 ± 0.33 ppm for the CO2 mixing ratio. We compared the 1 yr of in situ data for atmospheric potential oxygen (APO) (= O2 + 1.1 × CO2) obtained from the broad middle-latitudes region (140° E–130° W, 29° N–45° N) with previous flask sampling data from the North Pacific. This comparison showed that longitudinal differences in the seasonal amplitude of APO, ranging from 51 to 73 per meg, were smaller than the latitudinal differences.

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