scholarly journals Low Current-driven Micro-electroporation Allows Efficient In Vivo Delivery of Nonviral DNA into the Adult Mouse Brain

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1183-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen De Vry ◽  
Pilar Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Mario Losen ◽  
Gerard H Bode ◽  
Yasin Temel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Adult Mouse ◽  
Adult Mouse Brain ◽  
In Vivo Delivery

scholarly journals MCT2 is a Major Neuronal Monocarboxylate Transporter in the Adult Mouse Brain

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 586-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Pierre ◽  
Pierre J. Magistretti ◽  
Luc Pellerin
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Adult Mouse ◽  
Monocarboxylate Transporter ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Adult Mouse Brain ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Neuronal Processes

Although previous Northern blot and in situ hybridization studies suggested that neurons express the monocarboxylate transporter MCT2, subsequent immunohistochemical analyzes either failed to confirm the presence of this transporter or revealed only a low density of immunolabeled neuronal processes in vivo. The authors report that appropriate section pretreatment (brief warming episode or proteinase K exposure) leads to extensive labeling of the neuropil, which appears as tiny puncta throughout the whole mouse brain. In addition, intense MCT2 immunoreactivity was found in cerebellar Purkinje cell bodies and their processes, on mossy fibers in the cerebellum, and on sensory fibers in the brainstem. Double immunofluorescent labeling with appropriate markers and observation with epifluorescence and confocal microscopy did not show extensive colocalization of MCT2 immunoreactivity with presynaptic or postsynaptic elements, but colocalization could be observed occasionally in the cortex with the postsynaptic density protein PSD95. Observations made at the electron microscopic level in the cortex corroborated these results and showed that MCT2 immunoreactivity was associated with wide membrane segments of neuronal processes. These data provide convincing evidence that MCT2 represents a major neuronal monocarboxylate transporter in the adult mouse brain, and further suggest that mature neurons could use monocarboxylates such as lactate as additional energy substrates.

Increase of SUMO-1 expression in response to hypoxia: direct interaction with HIF-1α in adult mouse brain and heart in vivo

FEBS Letters ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 569 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruijin Shao ◽  
Fu-Ping Zhang ◽  
Fei Tian ◽  
P Anders Friberg ◽  
Xiaoyang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Adult Mouse ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Adult Mouse Brain

scholarly journals Gamma-interferon promotes proliferation of adult human astrocytes in vitro and reactive gliosis in the adult mouse brain in vivo.

1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (16) ◽  
pp. 7016-7020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. W. Yong ◽  
R. Moumdjian ◽  
F. P. Yong ◽  
T. C. Ruijs ◽  
M. S. Freedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Adult Mouse ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Reactive Gliosis ◽  
Adult Mouse Brain ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Human Astrocytes

In vivo label-free confocal imaging of adult mouse brain up to 1.3-mm depth with NIR-II illumination

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Xia ◽  
Chunyan Wu ◽  
David Sinefeld ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Yifan Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Adult Mouse ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Adult Mouse Brain

scholarly journals In vivo chemical reprogramming of astrocytes into neurons

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yantao Ma ◽  
Handan Xie ◽  
Xiaomin Du ◽  
Lipeng Wang ◽  
Xueqin Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Adult Mouse ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Adult Mouse Brain ◽  
Electrophysiological Properties ◽  
Chemical Reprogramming ◽  
Induced Neurons

AbstractIn mammals, many organs lack robust regenerative abilities. Lost cells in impaired tissue could potentially be compensated by converting nearby cells in situ through in vivo reprogramming. Small molecule-induced cell reprogramming offers a temporally flexible and non-integrative strategy for altering cell fate, which is, in principle, favorable for in vivo reprogramming in organs with notoriously poor regenerative abilities, such as the brain. Here, we demonstrate that in the adult mouse brain, small molecules can reprogram astrocytes into neurons. The in situ chemically induced neurons resemble endogenous neurons in terms of neuron-specific marker expression, electrophysiological properties, and synaptic connectivity. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of in vivo chemical reprogramming in the adult mouse brain and provides a potential approach for developing neuronal replacement therapies.

EphA4 Regulates Hippocampal Neural Precursor Proliferation in the Adult Mouse Brain by d-Serine Modulation of N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Signaling

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 4381-4397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Chanel J Taylor ◽  
Estella A Newcombe ◽  
Mark D Spanevello ◽  
Imogen O’Keeffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Adult Mouse ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Neural Precursor ◽  
Adult Mouse Brain ◽  
Precursor Activity

Abstract The hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) is a major region of the adult rodent brain in which neurogenesis occurs throughout life. The EphA4 receptor, which regulates neurogenesis and boundary formation in the developing brain, is also expressed in the adult DG, but whether it regulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis is not known. Here, we show that, in the adult mouse brain, EphA4 inhibits hippocampal precursor cell proliferation but does not affect precursor differentiation or survival. Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of EphA4 significantly increased hippocampal precursor proliferation in vivo and in vitro, by blocking EphA4 forward signaling. EphA4 was expressed by mature hippocampal DG neurons but not neural precursor cells, and an EphA4 antagonist, EphA4-Fc, did not activate clonal cultures of precursors until they were co-cultured with non-precursor cells, indicating an indirect effect of EphA4 on the regulation of precursor activity. Supplementation with d-serine blocked the increased precursor proliferation induced by EphA4 inhibition, whereas blocking the interaction between d-serine and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) promoted precursor activity, even at the clonal level. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that EphA4 indirectly regulates adult hippocampal precursor proliferation and thus plays a role in neurogenesis via d-serine-regulated NMDAR signaling.

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