scholarly journals Generalized bacterial genome editing using mobile group II introns and Cre‐ lox

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J Enyeart ◽  
Steven M Chirieleison ◽  
Mai N Dao ◽  
Jiri Perutka ◽  
Erik M Quandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
Group Ii Introns ◽  
Group Ii

scholarly journals Bacterial Group II Introns in a Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Environment

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 6392-6398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mircea Podar ◽  
Lauren Mullineaux ◽  
Hon-Ren Huang ◽  
Philip S. Perlman ◽  
Mitchell L. Sogin
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
Group Ii Introns ◽  
Retrotransposable Elements ◽  
Catalytic Rnas ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
Group Ii

ABSTRACT Group II introns are catalytic RNAs and mobile retrotransposable elements known to be present in the genomes of some nonmarine bacteria and eukaryotic organelles. Here we report the discovery of group II introns in a bacterial mat sample collected from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent near 9°N on the East Pacific Rise. One of the introns was shown to self-splice in vitro. This is the first example of marine bacterial introns from molecular population structure studies of microorganisms that live in the proximity of hydrothermal vents. These types of mobile genetic elements may prove useful in improving our understanding of bacterial genome evolution and may serve as valuable markers in comparative studies of bacterial communities.

scholarly journals Insights into the strategies used by related group II introns to adapt successfully for the colonisation of a bacterial genome

RNA Biology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1061-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Fernando M García-Rodríguez ◽  
María Dolores Molina-Sánchez ◽  
Nicolás Toro ◽  
Francisco Martínez-Abarca
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
Group Ii Introns ◽  
Related Group ◽  
Group Ii

scholarly journals Organellar Introns in Fungi, Algae, and Plants

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2001
Author(s):  
Jigeesha Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Georg Hausner
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Heterologous Gene Expression ◽  
Group I Introns ◽  
Group Ii Introns ◽  
Homing Endonucleases ◽  
Organellar Genomes ◽  
Chloroplast Genomes ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Introns are ubiquitous in eukaryotic genomes and have long been considered as ‘junk RNA’ but the huge energy expenditure in their transcription, removal, and degradation indicate that they may have functional significance and can offer evolutionary advantages. In fungi, plants and algae introns make a significant contribution to the size of the organellar genomes. Organellar introns are classified as catalytic self-splicing introns that can be categorized as either Group I or Group II introns. There are some biases, with Group I introns being more frequently encountered in fungal mitochondrial genomes, whereas among plants Group II introns dominate within the mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes. Organellar introns can encode a variety of proteins, such as maturases, homing endonucleases, reverse transcriptases, and, in some cases, ribosomal proteins, along with other novel open reading frames. Although organellar introns are viewed to be ribozymes, they do interact with various intron- or nuclear genome-encoded protein factors that assist in the intron RNA to fold into competent splicing structures, or facilitate the turn-over of intron RNAs to prevent reverse splicing. Organellar introns are also known to be involved in non-canonical splicing, such as backsplicing and trans-splicing which can result in novel splicing products or, in some instances, compensate for the fragmentation of genes by recombination events. In organellar genomes, Group I and II introns may exist in nested intronic arrangements, such as introns within introns, referred to as twintrons, where splicing of the external intron may be dependent on splicing of the internal intron. These nested or complex introns, with two or three-component intron modules, are being explored as platforms for alternative splicing and their possible function as molecular switches for modulating gene expression which could be potentially applied towards heterologous gene expression. This review explores recent findings on organellar Group I and II introns, focusing on splicing and mobility mechanisms aided by associated intron/nuclear encoded proteins and their potential roles in organellar gene expression and cross talk between nuclear and organellar genomes. Potential application for these types of elements in biotechnology are also discussed.

Self‐Splicing Group II Introns

Ribozymes ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 143-167
Author(s):  
Isabel Chillón ◽  
Marco Marcia
Keyword(s):  
Group Ii Introns ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Self Splicing

scholarly journals Small molecules that target group II introns are potent antifungal agents

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1073-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Fedorova ◽  
G. Erik Jagdmann ◽  
Rebecca L. Adams ◽  
Lin Yuan ◽  
Michael C. Van Zandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Group Ii Introns ◽  
Group Ii

scholarly journals Recent mobility of plastid encoded group II introns and twintrons in five strains of the unicellular red algaPorphyridium

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Mathilde Perrineau ◽  
Dana C. Price ◽  
Georg Mohr ◽  
Debashish Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Group Ii Introns ◽  
Group Ii

scholarly journals Characterizing a thermostable Cas9 for bacterial genome editing and silencing

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Mougiakos ◽  
Prarthana Mohanraju ◽  
Elleke F. Bosma ◽  
Valentijn Vrouwe ◽  
Max Finger Bou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Genome Engineering ◽  
Gene Deletion ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
Thermophilic Bacterium ◽  
Geobacillus Thermodenitrificans ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Fundamental Research

AbstractCRISPR-Cas9 based genome engineering tools have revolutionized fundamental research and biotechnological exploitation of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. However, the mesophilic nature of the established Cas9 systems does not allow for applications that require enhanced stability, including engineering at elevated temperatures. Here, we identify and characterize ThermoCas9: an RNA-guided DNA-endonuclease from the thermophilic bacterium Geobacillus thermodenitrificans T12. We show that ThermoCas9 is active in vitro between 20°C and 70°C, a temperature range much broader than that of the currently used Cas9 orthologues. Additionally, we demonstrate that ThermoCas9 activity at elevated temperatures is strongly associated with the structure of the employed sgRNA. Subsequently, we develop ThermoCas9-based engineering tools for gene deletion and transcriptional silencing at 55°C in Bacillus smithii and for gene deletion at 37°C in Pseudomonas putida. Altogether, our findings provide fundamental insights into a thermophilic CRISPR-Cas family member and establish the first Cas9-based bacterial genome editing and silencing tool with a broad temperature range.

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