scholarly journals BDNF Val66Met genotype modulates the effect of childhood adversity on subgenual anterior cingulate cortex volume in healthy subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Gerritsen ◽  
I Tendolkar ◽  
B Franke ◽  
A A Vasquez ◽  
S Kooijman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Subgenual Anterior Cingulate Cortex

INTERACTION BETWEEN DARPP-32 AND DRD2 GENETIC VARIANTS ON ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX ACTIVITY DURING ATTENTIONAL CONTROL IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS

2010 ◽  
Vol 117 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 472
Author(s):  
Paolo Taurisano ◽  
Giuseppe Blasi ◽  
Apostolos Papazacharias ◽  
Raffaella Romano ◽  
Gianluca Ursini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex Activity

scholarly journals Deep transcriptome sequencing of subgenual anterior cingulate cortex reveals disorder-specific expression changes in major psychiatric disorders

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmala Akula ◽  
Stefano Marenco ◽  
Kory Johnson ◽  
Ningping Feng ◽  
Joanna Cross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Genetic Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Subgenual Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Common Genetic Variants

ABSTRACTHow do differences in onset, symptoms, and treatment response arise between various mental illnesses despite substantial overlap of genetic risk factors? To address this question, we carried out deep RNA sequencing of human postmortem subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, a key component of limbic circuits linked to mental illness. Samples were obtained from 200 individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or major depression, and controls. Differential expression analysis in cases versus controls detected modest differences that were similar across disorders, although transcript-level differences were more pronounced. Case-case comparisons revealed greater expression differences between disorders, including many genes and transcripts that were expressed in opposite directions in each diagnostic group, compared to controls. Relative transcript abundances were associated with common genetic variants that accounted for disproportionate fractions of diagnosis-specific heritability. Inherited genetic risk factors shape the brain transcriptome and contribute to diagnostic differences between broad classes of mental illness.

scholarly journals Testing a Developmental Model of Parental Warmth, Amygdala–Subgenual Anterior Cingulate Cortex Connectivity, and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas G. Miller ◽  
Tiffany C. Ho ◽  
Jaclyn Schwartz Kirshenbaum ◽  
Rajpreet Chahal ◽  
Anthony Gifuni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Predictive Marker ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Parental Warmth ◽  
Subgenual Anterior Cingulate Cortex

Background: Neurobiological measures may serve as predictive markers of risk for and resilience to depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. We tested a developmental model linking variation in amygdala–subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) resting-state connectivity both to earlier experiences in the family environment and to subsequent vulnerability to depressive symptoms during the pandemic.Methods: We used data from a longitudinal study that included three waves (N=214 adolescents; ages 9-15 years at Time 1 (T1), 11-17 years at Time 2 (T2), and 12-19 years during the pandemic at Time 3 [T3]). We assessed parental warmth (T1), depressive symptoms (T1 to T3), and functional connectivity between the sgACC and basolateral (BLA) and centromedial amygdala (CMA) (T1 and T2). We modeled associations among early parental warmth, amygdala–sgACC connectivity, and depressive symptoms before and during the pandemic.Results: Less parental warmth was associated prospectively with stronger BLA–sgACC connectivity approximately two years later (=-.23, p=.021) over and above the effect of BLA–sgACC connectivity at T1. Stronger BLA–sgACC connectivity, in turn, was associated with heightened depressive symptoms, both before (r=.21, p=.031) and during the pandemic (=.22, p=.031; independent of the effect of pre-pandemic symptoms). Conclusion: Adolescents who experience less parental warmth may develop a pattern of BLA–sgACC connectivity that increases their risk for mental health problems during the pandemic. BLA–sgACC connectivity in early to middle adolescence may be a predictive marker of risk for depressive symptoms in general and specifically during periods of heightened stress.

scholarly journals Childhood adversity, externalizing behavior, and substance use in adolescence: Mediating effects of anterior cingulate cortex activation during inhibitory errors

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (04) ◽  
pp. 1439-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Fava ◽  
Elisa M. Trucco ◽  
Meghan E. Martz ◽  
Lora M. Cope ◽  
Jennifer M. Jester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Problem Behavior ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Early Adolescent

AbstractChildhood adversity can negatively impact development across various domains, including physical and mental health. Adverse childhood experiences have been linked to aggression and substance use; however, developmental pathways to explain these associations are not well characterized. Understanding early precursors to later problem behavior and substance use can inform preventive interventions. The aim of the current study was to examine neurobiological pathways through which childhood adversity may lead to early adolescent problem behavior and substance use in late adolescence by testing two prospective models. Our first model found that early adolescent externalizing behavior mediates the association between childhood adversity and alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use in late adolescence. Our second model found that activation in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during an inhibitory control task mediates the association between childhood adversity and early adolescent externalizing behavior, with lower ACC activation associated with higher levels of adversity and more externalizing behavior. Together these findings indicate that the path to substance use in late adolescence from childhood adversity may operate through lower functioning in the ACC related to inhibitory control and externalizing behavior. Early life stressors should be considered an integral component in the etiology and prevention of early and problematic substance use.

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