scholarly journals Relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of second-generation antipsychotics versus first-generation antipsychotics

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Kishimoto ◽  
V Agarwal ◽  
T Kishi ◽  
S Leucht ◽  
J M Kane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Relapse Prevention ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics

scholarly journals First- v. second-generation antipsychotics and risk for diabetes in schizophrenia: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 192 (6) ◽  
pp. 406-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Smith ◽  
D. Hopkins ◽  
R. C. Peveler ◽  
R. I. G. Holt ◽  
M. Woodward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics

BackgroundThe increased prevalence of diabetes in schizophrenia is partly attributed to antipsychotic treatment, in particular second-generation antipsychotics, but the evidence has not been systematically reviewed.AimsSystematic review and meta-analysis comparing diabetes risk for different antipsychotics in people with schizophrenia.MethodWe searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, CINAHL and Web of Knowledge until September 2006. Studies were eligible for inclusion if the design was cross-sectional, case-control, cohort or a controlled trial in individuals with schizophrenia or related psychotic disorders, where second-generation antipsychotics (defined as clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone and quetiapine) were compared with first-generation antipsychotics and diabetes was an outcome. Data were pooled using random effects inverse variance weighted meta-analysis.ResultsOf the studies that met the inclusion criteria (n=14), 11 had sufficient data to include in the meta-analysis. Four of these were retrospective cohort studies. The relative risk of diabetes in patients with schizophrenia prescribed one of the second-generation v. first-generation antipsychotics was 1.32 (95% CI 1.15-1.51). There were insufficient data to include aripiprazole, ziprasidone and amisulpride in this analysis.ConclusionsThere is tentative evidence that the second-generation antipsychotics included in this study are associated with a small increased risk for diabetes compared with firstgeneration antipsychotics in people with schizophrenia. Methodological limitations were found in most studies, leading to heterogeneity and difficulty interpreting data. Regardless of type of antipsychotic, screening for diabetes in all people with schizophrenia should be routine.

scholarly journals Effects of Haloperidol on Delirium in Adult Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-zi Shen ◽  
Ke Peng ◽  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Xiao-wen Meng ◽  
Fu-hai Ji
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Qtc Interval ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate whether or not the use of haloperidol could reduce the incidence of delirium in adult patients. Subjects and Methods: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Elsevier, Wiley, and Ovid were searched for randomized controlled trials and prospective interventional cohort studies that compared haloperidol with placebo for delirium prophylaxis or with second generation antipsychotics for delirium treatment. The primary end point was the incidence and severity of delirium. After reviewing 272 relevant articles, 10 studies with 1,861 patients were finally included (haloperidol vs. placebo in 8 studies [n = 1,734], and haloperidol vs. second-generation antipsychotics in 2 studies [n = 127]). Revman 5.3 was used for the data analysis. Results: Compared with placebo, a high dose of prophylactic haloperidol (≥5 mg/day) may help reduce the incidence of delirium in surgical patients (risk ratio 0.50, 95% CI 0.32, 0.79). There were no differences in the duration of delirium, QTc interval prolongation, extrapyramidal symptoms, intensive care unit stay, hospital stay, or mortality between the haloperidol and placebo groups. For delirium treatment, haloperidol exhibited similar effects as the second-generation antipsychotics. Conclusions: In this study, the limited available data revealed that prophylaxis haloperidol at a dose of ≥5 mg/day might help reduce delirium in adult surgical patients. Further outcome studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these findings.

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