scholarly journals Therapeutic transplantation of the distal gut microbiota

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Khoruts ◽  
M J Sadowsky
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Therapeutic Transplantation

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Induced by Intracerebral Hemorrhage Aggravates Neuroinflammation in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobo Yu ◽  
Guoyang Zhou ◽  
Bo Shao ◽  
Hang Zhou ◽  
Chaoran Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Immune Homeostasis ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Therapeutic Transplantation ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) induces a strong hematoma-related neuroinflammatory reaction and alters peripheral immune homeostasis. Recent research has found that gut microbiota plays a role in neurodegeneration and autoimmune diseases by regulating immune homeostasis and neuroinflammation. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between ICH, microbiota alteration, and immune responses after hematoma-induced acute brain injury. In our study, we used a mouse model of ICH, and 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing showed that ICH causes gut microbiota dysbiosis, which in turn affects ICH outcome through immune-mediated mechanisms. There was prominent reduced species diversity and microbiota overgrowth in the dysbiosis induced by ICH, which may reduce intestinal motility and increase gut permeability. In addition, recolonizing ICH mice with a normal health microbiota ameliorates functional deficits and neuroinflammation after ICH. Meanwhile, cell-tracking studies have demonstrated the migration of intestinal lymphocytes to the brain after ICH. In addition, therapeutic transplantation of fecal microbiota improves intestinal barrier damage. These results support the conclusion that the gut microbiome is a target of ICH-induced systemic alteration and is considered to have a substantial impact on ICH outcome.

Folate and vitamin B-12 deficiencies additively impaired memory function and disturbed the gut microbiota in amyloid-β infused rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunmin Park ◽  
Sunna Kang ◽  
Da Sol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Impaired Memory ◽  
Ca1 Region ◽  
Folate And Vitamin B12

Abstract. Folate and vitamin B12(V-B12) deficiencies are associated with metabolic diseases that may impair memory function. We hypothesized that folate and V-B12 may differently alter mild cognitive impairment, glucose metabolism, and inflammation by modulating the gut microbiome in rats with Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-like dementia. The hypothesis was examined in hippocampal amyloid-β infused rats, and its mechanism was explored. Rats that received an amyloid-β(25–35) infusion into the CA1 region of the hippocampus were fed either control(2.5 mg folate plus 25 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-CON, n = 10), no folate(0 folate plus 25 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-FA, n = 10), no V-B12(2.5 mg folate plus 0 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-V-B12, n = 10), or no folate plus no V-B12(0 mg folate plus 0 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-FAB12, n = 10) in high-fat diets for 8 weeks. AD-FA and AD-VB12 exacerbated bone mineral loss in the lumbar spine and femur whereas AD-FA lowered lean body mass in the hip compared to AD-CON(P < 0.05). Only AD-FAB12 exacerbated memory impairment by 1.3 and 1.4 folds, respectively, as measured by passive avoidance and water maze tests, compared to AD-CON(P < 0.01). Hippocampal insulin signaling and neuroinflammation were attenuated in AD-CON compared to Non-AD-CON. AD-FAB12 impaired the signaling (pAkt→pGSK-3β) and serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels the most among all groups. AD-CON decreased glucose tolerance by increasing insulin resistance compared to Non-AD-CON. AD-VB12 and AD-FAB12 increased insulin resistance by 1.2 and 1.3 folds, respectively, compared to the AD-CON. AD-CON and Non-AD-CON had a separate communities of gut microbiota. The relative counts of Bacteroidia were lower and those of Clostridia were higher in AD-CON than Non-AD-CON. AD-FA, but not V-B12, separated the gut microbiome community compared to AD-CON and AD-VB12(P = 0.009). In conclusion, folate and B-12 deficiencies impaired memory function by impairing hippocampal insulin signaling and gut microbiota in AD rats.

In vitro study of the interaction between human gut microbiota and herbal extracts using willow bark extract as an example

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
EM Pferschy-Wenzig ◽  
K Koskinen ◽  
C Moissl-Eichinger ◽  
R Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Willow Bark

Metabolization of the herbal combination STW-5 by human gut microbiota in vitro

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
EM Pferschy-Wenzig ◽  
A Roßmann ◽  
K Koskinen ◽  
H Abdel-Aziz ◽  
C Moissl-Eichinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota
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