scholarly journals A genital tract peptide epitope vaccine targeting TLR-2 efficiently induces local and systemic CD8+ T cells and protects against herpes simplex virus type 2 challenge

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Zhang ◽  
A A Chentoufi ◽  
G Dasgupta ◽  
A B Nesburn ◽  
M Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Peptide Epitope ◽  
Simplex Virus

scholarly journals Caspase 9 Is Essential for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2-Induced Apoptosis in T Cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 3116-3120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Vanden Oever ◽  
Jin-Young Han
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Intrinsic Pathway ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Simplex Virus

ABSTRACT Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) induces apoptosis in T cells by a caspase-dependent mechanism. Apoptosis can occur via extrinsic (death receptor) and/or intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathways. Here, we show that the initiator caspase for the intrinsic pathway is activated in T cells following HSV-2 exposure. To determine the respective contributions of intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, we assessed apoptosis in Jurkat cells that are deficient in caspase 8 or Fas-associating protein with death domain (FADD) for the extrinsic pathway and in cells deficient in caspase 9 for the intrinsic pathway. Our results indicate HSV-2-induced apoptosis in T cells occurs via the intrinsic pathway.

scholarly journals Latency of herpes simplex virus type-1 in human geniculate and vestibular ganglia is associated with infiltration of CD8+ T cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 1917-1920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Arbusow ◽  
Tobias Derfuss ◽  
Kathrin Held ◽  
Susanne Himmelein ◽  
Michael Strupp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Simplex Virus

scholarly journals Diversity of the CD8+ T-Cell Response to Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Proteins among Persons with Genital Herpes

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 5509-5515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Hosken ◽  
Patrick McGowan ◽  
Amalia Meier ◽  
David M. Koelle ◽  
Paul Sleath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Simplex Virus

ABSTRACT Cytolytic T cells play a major role in controlling herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections in humans. In an effort to more thoroughly evaluate the response to HSV-2 directly, ex vivo, we developed an enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay that utilized pools of overlapping synthetic peptides presented by autologous dendritic cells to purified CD8+ T cells. Donor response rates to individual open reading frames (ORFs) ranged from fewer than 5% responding to as many as 70% responding, with the greatest frequency of responses (by ORF) being directed against UL39, UL25, UL27, ICP0, UL46, and UL47 in descending order of frequency. HSV-2-seropositive subjects responded to as few as 3 or as many as 46 of the 48 ORFs tested, with a median of 11 ORFs recognized. HLA-B*07 expression correlated with stronger responses overall that were directed primarily against UL49 and UL46. Cumulative precursor frequencies in the blood ranged from 500 to almost 6,000 HSV-2 spot-forming units/106 CD8+ T cells. The magnitude and breadth of the response in the infected population were greater than previously appreciated. Whether this variability in the CD8+ T-cell response within individuals is associated with the frequency of viral reactivation warrants further study.

scholarly journals Differential roles of B cells and IFN-γ-secreting CD4+ T cells in innate and adaptive immune control of genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in mice

2001 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 845-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali M. Harandi ◽  
Bo Svennerholm ◽  
Jan Holmgren ◽  
Kristina Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
T Cell ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Simplex Virus

The role of B, CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells in both primary genital infection with attenuated herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and development of protective immunity to a later challenge with virulent HSV-2 using lymphocyte-deficient mice has been elucidated. Following primary inoculation with attenuated thymidine kinase-deficient (TK−) HSV-2, B cell-deficient (μMT) mice developed a local viraemia and transient genital inflammation, suggesting a role for B cells in the innate control of local infection and inflammation. Natural antibodies are implicated in this process, as passive transfer of normal serum into μMT mice significantly reduced HSV-2 TK− shedding in the vaginal lumen, although it did not affect subsequent inflammation. Protection against lethal HSV-2 challenge was noted in HSV-2-vaccinated wild-type, CD8+ T cell-deficient and μMT mice and was characterized by strong virus-specific IFN-γ responses in vitro and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses in vivo. In contrast, CD4+ T cell-deficient (CD4−/−) mice had impaired HSV-2-specific IFN-γ production and DTH responses and succumbed rapidly to genital HSV-2 challenge. However, protective responses to HSV-2 could be induced in HSV-2-vaccinated CD4−/− mice by treatment with recombinant IFN-γ. Taken together, these results suggest that CD4+ T cells secreting IFN-γ are critical for immune protection against lethal genital HSV-2 re-infection, whereas B cells/natural antibodies have anti-viral and -inflammatory effects in the innate control of a primary infection.

scholarly journals Neutrophils Aid in Protection of the Vaginal Mucosae of Immune Mice against Challenge with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 6380-6386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregg N. Milligan
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Genital Infection ◽  
Vaginal Mucosa ◽  
Simplex Virus

ABSTRACT Large numbers of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) infiltrated the murine vaginal mucosa within 24 h after intravaginal inoculation with an attenuated strain of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). The role of these cells in resolution of a primary genital infection and in protection of HSV-immune animals against challenge with a fully virulent HSV-2 strain was investigated. Depletion of greater than 95% of the PMNs at the vaginal mucosal surface prior to intravaginal inoculation with an attenuated HSV-2 strain resulted in significantly higher virus titers on days 3 to 7 but only slightly delayed resolution of the primary genital infection. These results suggest that neutrophils helped control the infection but that other immune mechanisms ultimately cleared the virus. Interestingly, depletion of PMNs from HSV-immune mice prior to challenge with a fully virulent HSV-2 strain resulted in a rise in virus titers to levels comparable to those of nonimmune mice and a more pronounced diminution of virus clearance from the vaginal mucosa despite the presence of HSV-specific B and T cells. Levels of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and HSV-specific antibody were comparable in neutrophil-depleted and control-treated immune mice following HSV-2 challenge, suggesting that RB6-8C5 treatment did not impair T- and B-cell function. Therefore, these results suggest that neutrophils play a role in limiting and clearing HSV-2 vaginal infections and that they are, in association with HSV-specific B and T cells, an important component in immune protection of the vaginal mucosa.

scholarly journals Memory-Type CD8+T Cells Protect IL-2 Receptor α-Deficient Mice from Systemic Infection with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2

2000 ◽  
Vol 165 (8) ◽  
pp. 4552-4560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironaka Tsunobuchi ◽  
Hitoshi Nishimura ◽  
Fumi Goshima ◽  
Tohru Daikoku ◽  
Yukihiro Nishiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Memory Type ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Deficient Mice
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