scholarly journals Diet, but not oral probiotics, effectively reduces urinary oxalate excretion and calcium oxalate supersaturation

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 1178-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Lieske ◽  
William J. Tremaine ◽  
Claudio De Simone ◽  
Helen M. O'Connor ◽  
Xujian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Urinary Oxalate ◽  
Oxalate Excretion ◽  
Urinary Oxalate Excretion

scholarly journals Association of urinary sex steroid hormones with urinary calcium, oxalate and citrate excretion in kidney stone formers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G Fuster ◽  
Gaétan A Morard ◽  
Lisa Schneider ◽  
Cedric Mattmann ◽  
David Lüthi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Urinary Oxalate ◽  
Oxalate Excretion ◽  
Stone Formers ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Urinary Citrate ◽  
Urinary Oxalate Excretion

Abstract Background Sex-specific differences in nephrolithiasis with respect to both distribution of prevalence and stone composition are widely described and may be influenced by sex hormones. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the relationship between 24-hour urinary sex hormone metabolites measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with urinary calcium, oxalate and citrate excretion in a cohort of 628 kidney stone formers from a tertiary care hospital in Switzerland, taking demographic characteristics, kidney function and dietary factors into account. Results We observed a positive association of urinary calcium with urinary testosterone and 17β-estradiol. Positive associations of urinary calcium with dehydroepiandrosterone, 5α-DH-testosterone, etiocholanolone, androsterone, and estriol were modified by net gastrointestinal alkali absorption or urinary sulfate excretion. As the only sex hormone, dehydroepiandrosterone was inversely associated with urinary oxalate excretion in adjusted analyses. Urinary citrate correlated positively with urinary testosterone. Associations of urinary citrate with urinary androsterone, 17β-estradiol and estriol were modified by urinary sulfate or sodium, or by sex. Conclusions Urinary androgens and estrogens are significantly associated with urinary calcium and citrate excretion, and associations are in part modified by diet. Our data furthermore reveal dehydroepiandrosterone as a novel factor associated with urinary oxalate excretion in humans.

scholarly journals Dietary oxalate and kidney stone formation

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (3) ◽  
pp. F409-F413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanecia Mitchell ◽  
Parveen Kumar ◽  
Thanmaya Reddy ◽  
Kyle D. Wood ◽  
John Knight ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Urinary Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Stone ◽  
Oxalate Excretion ◽  
Urinary Oxalate Excretion ◽  
Stone Growth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dietary Oxalate

Dietary oxalate is plant-derived and may be a component of vegetables, nuts, fruits, and grains. In normal individuals, approximately half of urinary oxalate is derived from the diet and half from endogenous synthesis. The amount of oxalate excreted in urine plays an important role in calcium oxalate stone formation. Large epidemiological cohort studies have demonstrated that urinary oxalate excretion is a continuous variable when indexed to stone risk. Thus, individuals with oxalate excretions >25 mg/day may benefit from a reduction of urinary oxalate output. The 24-h urine assessment may miss periods of transient surges in urinary oxalate excretion, which may promote stone growth and is a limitation of this analysis. In this review we describe the impact of dietary oxalate and its contribution to stone growth. To limit calcium oxalate stone growth, we advocate that patients maintain appropriate hydration, avoid oxalate-rich foods, and consume an adequate amount of calcium.

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