scholarly journals The importance of renal net acid excretion as a determinant of fasting urinary calcium excretion

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 743-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Lemann ◽  
Richard W. Gray ◽  
William J. Maierhofer ◽  
Herman S. Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Urinary Calcium Excretion ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Acid Excretion ◽  
Renal Net Acid Excretion ◽  
Net Acid Excretion

The comparative effects of feeding ammonium carbonate, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium chloride on urinary calcium excretion in the rat

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 2202-2204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Whiting ◽  
David E. C. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Urinary Calcium Excretion ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Acid Excretion ◽  
Calcium Reabsorption ◽  
Acid Load ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Excretion Rates

When either sulfate or chloride is added to the diet, the resulting acid load causes a rise in urinary calcium excretion. There is, however, the possibility that sulfate, which has been shown to complex renal tubular calcium, will further decrease renal calcium reabsorption and thus produce a greater calciuria than chloride. Because addition of a fixed cation (e.g., sodium) to the diet may also stimulate calciuresis, experiments were conducted using metabolizable ammonium to minimize cation effects. Ammonium salts of sulfate, chloride, and carbonate (control) were added to the diets of male rats at 0.3 mequiv./g weight of diet. Twenty-four hour excretion rates of calcium, sulfate, chloride, and net acid were measured at various intervals up to 1 month. As expected, the chloride and sulfate diets were both associated with significantly elevated urine calcium and net acid excretion as compared with controls. However, those fed sulfate exhibited significantly less calcium and acid excretion and absorbed a smaller proportion of the anion load than those given chloride. In a second experiment, the amounts of supplemental sulfate and chloride were adjusted so that total absorptions were similar. At 2 weeks, both calcium and acid excretions in the fixed anion groups were no longer significantly different. Thus, in chronic feeding trials, there appears to be no measurable difference in the calciuretic properties of sulfate and chloride anions.

Effects of excess protein, sodium and potassium on acute and chronic urinary calcium excretion in young women

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J Whiting ◽  
Timothy J Green ◽  
Evelyn P MacKenzie ◽  
Shawna J Weeks
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Urinary Calcium Excretion ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Adolescents with anorexia nervosa have decreased calcium absorption and increased urinary calcium excretion

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Steven A. Abrams ◽  
Tomas J. Silber ◽  
Nora V. Esteban ◽  
Nancy E. Vieira ◽  
Mansoud Majd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Urinary Calcium Excretion ◽  
Calcium Excretion

Determinants and outcomes associated with urinary calcium excretion in chronic kidney disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Maria Clarissa Tio ◽  
Ashish Verma ◽  
Insa M Schmidt ◽  
Titilayo O Ilori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Urinary Calcium Excretion ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Clinical Events ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Egfr Decline

Abstract Context Abnormalities in calcium metabolism are common in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Diminished urinary calcium excretion may promote vascular calcification, and increased urinary calcium excretion may lead to nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis, conditions associated with CKD. Objective To study predictors of urinary calcium excretion and its association with adverse clinical outcomes in CKD. Design, Setting and Patients This study assessed 3,768 non-dialysis participants in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study from April 2003 to September 2008. Participants were followed up to October 2018. Exposure Clinically plausible predictors of urinary calcium excretion and 24-hour urinary calcium excretion at baseline. Main Outcome Measures Urinary calcium excretion; incident end stage kidney disease (ESKD), CKD progression (50% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline or incident ESKD), all-cause mortality, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events. Results eGFR was positive correlated with 24-hour urinary calcium excretion. The variables most strongly associated with 24-hour urinary calcium excretion were 24-hour urinary sodium (β=0.19 and 0.28 in males and females), serum parathyroid hormone (β=-0.22 and -0.20), loop diuretics (β=0.36 and 0.26), thiazide diuretics (β=-0.49 and -0.53), and self-identified black race (β=-0.23 and -0.27). Lower urinary calcium excretion was associated with greater risks of outcomes, but these associations were greatly attenuated or nullified after adjustment for baseline eGFR. Conclusion Urinary calcium excretion is markedly lower in individuals with CKD compared to general population. Determinants of urinary calcium excretion differed between sexes and levels of CKD. Significant associations between urinary calcium excretion and adverse clinical events were substantially confounded by eGFR.

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