scholarly journals Basement Membranes in Skin Are Differently Affected by Lack of Nidogen 1 and 2

2008 ◽  
Vol 128 (9) ◽  
pp. 2259-2267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharada Mokkapati ◽  
Anke Baranowsky ◽  
Nicolae Mirancea ◽  
Neil Smyth ◽  
Dirk Breitkreutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Nidogen 1

scholarly journals Distinct Distribution of Laminin and Its Integrin Receptors in the Pancreas

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 1625-1632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang-Xu Jiang ◽  
Gaetano Naselli ◽  
Leonard C. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Integrin Receptors ◽  
Ductal Cells ◽  
Pancreas Function ◽  
Acinar Tissue ◽  
Nidogen 1 ◽  
Laminin 1

Tissue function is regulated by the extracellular microenvironment including cell basement membranes, in which laminins are a major component. Previously, we found that laminin-1 promotes differentiation and survival of pancreatic islet cells. Here we characterize the expression pattern of laminins and their integrin receptors in adult pancreas. Although they are expressed in the basement membrane of acinar cells and duct epithelium, no laminin chains examined were detected extracellularly in the pancreatic islets. In contrast to laminin β1- and γ1-chains, the α1-chain, unique to laminin-1, was not detected. Laminin-10 (α5β1γ1) was expressed in acinar tissue, whereas laminins-2 (α2β1γ1) and -10 were expressed in the blood vessels. The laminin connector molecule, nidogen-1, had a distribution similar to that of laminin β1 and γ1, whereas fibulin-1 and -2, which compete with nidogen-1, were mostly confined to blood vessels. Integrin subunits α6 and α3 were detected in acinar cells and duct epithelial cells, but α6 was absent in islet cells. Integrin α6β4 was detected only in duct cells, α6β1 in both acinar and ductal cells, and α3β1 in acinar, duct, and islet cells. These findings are a basis for further investigation of the role of extracellular matrix molecules and their receptors in pancreas function.

Ultrastructural colocalization of nidogen-1 and nidogen-2 with laminin-1 in murine kidney basement membranes

2000 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Miosge ◽  
F. K�ther ◽  
S. Heinemann ◽  
E. Kohfeldt ◽  
R. Herken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Nidogen 1 ◽  
Laminin 1

scholarly journals Gene Structure and Functional Analysis of the Mouse Nidogen-2 Gene: Nidogen-2 Is Not Essential for Basement Membrane Formation in Mice

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 6820-6830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Schymeinsky ◽  
Sabine Nedbal ◽  
Nicolai Miosge ◽  
Ernst Pöschl ◽  
Cherie Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Membrane Formation ◽  
Gene Knockout Mice ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Nidogen 1 ◽  
Deficient Mice

ABSTRACT Nidogens are highly conserved proteins in vertebrates and invertebrates and are found in almost all basement membranes. According to the classical hypothesis of basement membrane organization, nidogens connect the laminin and collagen IV networks, so stabilizing the basement membrane, and integrate other proteins. In mammals two nidogen proteins, nidogen-1 and nidogen-2, have been discovered. Nidogen-2 is typically enriched in endothelial basement membranes, whereas nidogen-1 shows broader localization in most basement membranes. Surprisingly, analysis of nidogen-1 gene knockout mice presented evidence that nidogen-1 is not essential for basement membrane formation and may be compensated for by nidogen-2. In order to assess the structure and in vivo function of the nidogen-2 gene in mice, we cloned the gene and determined its structure and chromosomal location. Next we analyzed mice carrying an insertional mutation in the nidogen-2 gene that was generated by the secretory gene trap approach. Our molecular and biochemical characterization identified the mutation as a phenotypic null allele. Nidogen-2-deficient mice show no overt abnormalities and are fertile, and basement membranes appear normal by ultrastructural analysis and immunostaining. Nidogen-2 deficiency does not lead to hemorrhages in mice as one may have expected. Our results show that nidogen-2 is not essential for basement membrane formation or maintenance.

scholarly journals Distribution of Nidogen in the Murine Eye and Ocular Phenotype of the Nidogen-1 Knockout Mouse

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Albrecht May
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Ciliary Epithelium ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Inner Limiting Membrane ◽  
Anterior Eye Segment ◽  
Knockout Animals ◽  
Nidogen 1 ◽  
Nonpigmented Ciliary Epithelium

Distribution and lack of nidogen-1, part of numerous basement membranes, were studied in the mouse eye. For that purpose, eyes of C57BL/6 and nidogen-1 knockout mice were stained immunohistochemically for nidogen-1, and intraocular pressure measurements and light- and electron microscopy were used to study the nidogen-1 knockout animals. In normal mice, nidogen-1 was present in many basement membranes, but showed irregularities underneath the corneal epithelium, in Bruch’s membrane and in the iris. Homozygous knockout of nidogen-1 in the mouse showed only mild pathological changes. In the anterior eye segment, small interruptions were noted in the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium without further consequences. In the posterior eye segment, interruptions of the inner limiting membrane led to small retinal ectopias and subsequent changes in the optic nerve. In summary, the knockout of nidogen-1 showed mild but significant morphological changes pointing to the importance of this protein which can in part, but not completely; be replaced by nidogen-2.

scholarly journals The Absence of Nidogen 1 Does Not Affect Murine Basement Membrane Formation

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 7007-7012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monzur Murshed ◽  
Neil Smyth ◽  
Nicolai Miosge ◽  
Jörg Karolat ◽  
Thomas Krieg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Collagen Iv ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Null Mutation ◽  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Membrane Formation ◽  
Nidogen 1

ABSTRACT Nidogen 1 is a highly conserved protein in mammals,Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, and ascidians and is found in all basement membranes. It has been proposed that nidogen 1 connects the laminin and collagen IV networks, so stabilizing the basement membrane, and integrates other proteins, including perlecan, into the basement membrane. To define the role of nidogen 1 in basement membranes in vivo, we produced a null mutation of the NID-1 gene in embryonic stem cells and used these to derive mouse lines. Homozygous animals produce neither nidogen 1 mRNA nor protein. Surprisingly, they show no overt abnormalities and are fertile, their basement membrane structures appearing normal. Nidogen 2 staining is increased in certain basement membranes, where it is normally only found in scant amounts. This occurs by either redistribution from other extracellular matrices or unmasking of nidogen 2 epitopes, as its production does not appear to be upregulated. The results show that nidogen 1 is not required for basement membrane formation or maintenance.

scholarly journals Neurologic Defects and Selective Disruption of Basement Membranes in Mice Lacking Entactin-1/Nidogen-1

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1617-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijin Dong ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Marcia Lewis ◽  
Jyh-Cheng Hsieh ◽  
Janet Reing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Nidogen 1

scholarly journals Compound Genetic Ablation of Nidogen 1 and 2 Causes Basement Membrane Defects and Perinatal Lethality in Mice

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 6846-6856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard L. Bader ◽  
Neil Smyth ◽  
Sabine Nedbal ◽  
Nicolai Miosge ◽  
Anke Baranowsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Organ Development ◽  
Membrane Glycoproteins ◽  
Genetic Ablation ◽  
Perinatal Lethality ◽  
Nidogen 1

ABSTRACT Nidogen 1 and 2 are basement membrane glycoproteins, and previous biochemical and functional studies indicate that they may play a crucial role in basement membrane assembly. While they show a divergent expression pattern in certain adult tissues, both have a similar distribution during development. Gene knockout studies in mice demonstrated that the loss of either isoform has no effect on basement membrane formation and organ development, suggesting complementary functions. Here, we show that this is indeed the case. Deficiency of both nidogens in mice resulted in perinatal lethality. Nidogen 1 and 2 do not appear to be crucial in establishing tissue architecture during organ development; instead, they are essential for late stages of lung development and for maintenance and/or integrity of cardiac tissue. These organ defects are not compatible with postnatal survival. Ultrastructural analysis suggests that the phenotypes directly result from basement membrane changes. However, despite the ubiquitous presence of nidogens in basement membranes, defects do not occur in all tissues or in all basement membranes, suggesting a varying spectrum of roles for nidogens in the basement membrane.

scholarly journals Nidogen-1: Expression and Ultrastructural Localization During the Onset of Mesoderm Formation in the Early Mouse Embryo

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolai Miosge ◽  
Fabio Quondamatteo ◽  
Christina Klenczar ◽  
Rainer Herken
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Collagen Type Iv ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Mesoderm Formation ◽  
Nidogen 1

Nidogen-1, a key component of basement membranes, is considered to function as a link between laminin and collagen Type IV networks and is expressed by mesenchymal cells during embryonic and fetal development. It is not clear which cells produce nidogen-1 in early developmental stages when no mesenchyme is present. We therefore localized nidogen-1 and its corresponding mRNA at the light and electron microscopic level in Day 7 mouse embryos during the onset of mesoderm formation by in situ hybridization, light microscopic immunostaining, and immunogold histochemistry. Nidogen-1 mRNA was found not only in the cells of the ectoderm-derived mesoderm but also in the cytoplasm of the endoderm and ectoderm, indicating that all three germ layers express it. Nidogen-1 was localized only in fully developed basement membranes of the ectoderm and was not seen in the developing endodermal basement membrane or in membranes disrupted during mesoderm formation. In contrast, laminin-1 and collagen Type IV were present in all basement membrane types at this developmental stage. The results indicate that, in the early embryo, nidogen-1 may be expressed by epithelial and mesenchymal cells, that both cell types contribute to embryonic basement membrane formation, and that nidogen-1 might serve to stabilize basement membranes in vivo.

scholarly journals Hematopoietic Cells Are a Source of Nidogen-1 and Nidogen-2 during Mouse Liver Development

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurice T. Tomte ◽  
Yaser Annatshah ◽  
Nadine K. Schlüter ◽  
Nicolai Miosge ◽  
Rainer Herken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Liver ◽  
Hematopoietic Cells ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Liver Development ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cellular Origin ◽  
Nidogen 1

Nidogen-1 and −2 are key components of basement membranes (BMs). Despite the presence of nidogen molecules in the parenchyma of the developing liver, no BMs are formed therein. This suggests that, in the liver, nidogens may also have functions other than BM formation. As a first step toward the elucidation of the possible cell biological functions of nidogens in the developing liver, we aimed to study their cellular origin. We localized expression of nidogen-1 and nidogen-2 on prenatal days 12, 14, and 16 in the developing mouse liver using in situ hybridization at the light and electron microscopic level and light microscopic immunohistochemistry. Our results show that nidogens are produced both in portal anlagen and in the parenchyma during liver development. In the parenchyma, transcripts can be found in hepatocytes, precursors of stellate cells, endothelial cells and, most interestingly, hematopoietic cells. Using real-time PCR, we found that the gene expression for both proteins shows a decrease from day 14 to day 16 concomitant with a decrease in the hepatic hematopoiesis. We suggest that nidogens may, to some extent, take part in the regulation of hepatic hematopoiesis. (J Histochem Cytochem 54:593-604, 2006)

Physical Properties of Isolated Perfused Renal Tubular Basement Membranes

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 390-391
Author(s):  
Jared Grantham ◽  
Larry Welling
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Transport Mechanisms ◽  
Permeability Characteristics ◽  
Peritubular Capillaries ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
Tubular Lumen ◽  
Glomerular Filtrate ◽  
Urine Formation ◽  
Renal Tubular

In the course of urine formation in mammalian kidneys over 90% of the glomerular filtrate moves from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries by both active and passive transport mechanisms. In all of the morphologically distinct segments of the renal tubule, e.g. proximal tubule, loop of Henle and distal nephron, the tubular absorbate passes through a basement membrane which rests against the basilar surface of the epithelial cells. The basement membrane is in a strategic location to affect the geometry of the tubules and to influence the movement of tubular absorbate into the renal interstitium. In the present studies we have determined directly some of the mechanical and permeability characteristics of tubular basement membranes.

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