Quantifying annual internal effective 137Cesium dose utilizing direct body-burden measurement and ecological dose modeling

Introduction. Lead pollution is a common environmental problem. Having no physiological functions, this toxicant has a negative polytropic impact on a body, including neurotoxic, reproductive, and transgenerational effects. The mechanism of lead toxicity is oxidative stress. Flavonoids have active antioxidant properties. They are widely represented in plant foods, are able to restore protective capabilities of cells and have chelating properties with respect to lead. One of the representatives of this group of substances is dihydroquercetin. The objective was to study the effect of dihydroquercetin on behavior of rats with hereditary chemical body burden exposed to lead at 60 mg/kg during 25 days. Materials and methods. We studied the behavior of rat offspring in an open field and established their blood lead levels by electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometry. For statistical processing the U-Mann – Whitney test was used. Results. In the present experiment, the effect of lead on the offspring of male albino rats exposed to 60 mg/kg of lead for 25 days caused changes in the activity of animals in the open field. The severity of changes was more pronounced in animals with a hereditary chemical body burden. These animals showed a decrease in orientation and physical activity and increased anxiety. In rats with a hereditary burden, changes in behavior were detected when administering dihydroquercetin. The activity of animals demonstrated a positive dynamics: we observed a statistically significant increase in physical activity and orientation. The number and duration of behavioral acts approached control values. Conclusions. The revealed effects of lead on the offspring of albino rats with a transgenerational chemical body burden require further study to understand the mechanism of the phenomenon.

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Effect of Sample Storage Conditions on Body Burden Analysis of Organic Contaminants in Unionid Mussels

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.1992.050 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 833-844 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Micheline Hanna

Keyword(s):

Organic Contaminants ◽

Body Burden ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

The Body ◽

Sample Storage ◽

Pcb Congeners ◽

Unionid Mussels ◽

Group A ◽

The Difference ◽

Group B

Abstract In order to quantitatively assess the effect of sample storage conditions on the body burden analysis of organic contaminants, a comparative analysis was carried out on the unionid mussel Elliptic complanata. The mussels were divided into two groups, each with distinct storage conditions, while Group A was kept in the freezer at −20°C, Group B was kept in the refrigerator for five days at 5°C. All the compounds present in the control were also present in Group B samples. Analysis of the organic contaminants in each of these two groups showed that for total PCB concentrations, the two treatments were not significantly different; however when compared individually 6 of the 13 PCB congeners showed significant differences. The observed differences were relatively small for individual PCB congeners (7.1 to 15.3%), higher for chlorobenzenes (10.5 to 36.4%), and yet higher for HCE (44.1%); the difference for HCE, although large is nevertheless not significant, even if only marginally so.

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Decompression sickness risk in rats by microbial removal of dissolved gas

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1998.275.3.r677 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 275 (3) ◽

pp. R677-R682 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Susan R. Kayar ◽

Terry L. Miller ◽

Meyer J. Wolin ◽

Eugenia O. Aukhert ◽

Milton J. Axley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

High Pressures ◽

Decompression Sickness ◽

Body Burden ◽

The Body ◽

Dissolved Gas ◽

Hyperbaric Chamber ◽

Methanobrevibacter Smithii ◽

Water Rate ◽

Microbial Removal

We present a method for reducing the risk of decompression sickness (DCS) in rats exposed to high pressures of H2. Suspensions of the human colonic microbe Methanobrevibacter smithii were introduced via a colonic cannula into the large intestines of the rats. While the rats breathed H2in a hyperbaric chamber, the microbe metabolized some of the H2diffusing into the intestine, converting H2and CO2to methane and water. Rate of release of methane from the rats, which was monitored by gas chromatography, varied with chamber H2pressure. This rate was higher during decompression than during compression, suggesting that during decompression the microbe was metabolizing H2stored in the rats’ tissues. Rats treated with M. smithii had a 25% (5 of 20) incidence of DCS, which was significantly lower ( P < 0.01) than the 56% (28 of 50) incidence of untreated controls, brought on by a standardized compression and decompression sequence. Thus using a microbe in the intestine to remove an estimated 5% of the body burden of H2reduced DCS risk by more than one-half. This method of biochemical decompression may potentially facilitate human diving.

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Evaluation of lead body burden in US adolescents

Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health ◽

10.1080/19338244.2020.1864257 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Wen-Chao Ho ◽

Yu-Sheng Lin ◽

James L. Caffrey ◽

Mohammed F. Faramawi

Keyword(s):

Body Burden

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Plant food intake is associated with lower cadmium body burden in middle-aged adults

European Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1007/s00394-021-02513-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kristine K. Dennis ◽

Suzanne E. Judd ◽

Jessica A. Alvarez ◽

Ka Kahe ◽

Dean P. Jones ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Body Burden ◽

Plant Food ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Middle Aged Adults

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Route of exposure influences pesticide body burden and the hepatic metabolome in post-metamorphic leopard frogs

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146358 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 779 ◽

pp. 146358

Author(s):

Donna A. Glinski ◽

Robin J. Van Meter ◽

S. Thomas Purucker ◽

W. Matthew Henderson

Keyword(s):

Body Burden ◽

Leopard Frogs ◽

Route Of Exposure

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Concentration of folic acid (FA) in serum of Japanese pregnant women

Reviews on Environmental Health ◽

10.1515/reveh-2020-0014 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 277-280

Author(s):

Nathan Mise ◽

Mayumi Ohtsu ◽

Akihiko Ikegami ◽

Yoko Hosoi ◽

Yoshihiko Nakagi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Folic Acid ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Epigenetic Modification ◽

Large Fraction ◽

Body Burden ◽

Inorganic Arsenic ◽

Health Concern ◽

Japanese Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Japanese Pregnant Women

AbstractObjectivesExposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a world-wide health concern. We reported that Japanese children and pregnant women are exposed to moderate levels of iAs through food. Reducing iAs contamination from foods of high iAs is an important issue unique in Japan. Integrated iAs is methylated to less toxic organic forms, and S-adenosyl-L-methyonine (SAM), a common methyl-donor of DNA and histones, is utilized in this process. Chronic consumption of SAM by iAs metabolism due to exposure to iAs might alter the epigenetic modification of genome. The SAM biosynthesis pathway is dependent on folate cycle, and it is possible that ingestion of sufficient folic acid (FA) is protective to iAs induced toxicity.MethodsIn the course of our cross-sectional body burden analyses of Pb and iAs in Japanese children and pregnant women, termed “PbAs study”, FA concentration in serum of 104 pregnant women was measured.ResultsMean (±SEM) of serum FA concentration was 15.8 ± 1.3 (ng/mL). There are significant number of people showing very high FA (>30 ng/ mL), and large fraction of them were taking supplements daily.ConclusionsThese results suggested that level of FA ingestion of Japanese pregnant women is high for supporting normal fetal development.

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