scholarly journals Hydrogen Sulfide Inhalation Decreases Early Blood—Brain Barrier Permeability and Brain Edema Induced by Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingjie Geng ◽  
Eerdunmutu Li ◽  
Qier Mu ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Xia Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Brain Edema ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Neurologic Outcome ◽  
Vegf Expression ◽  
Blood Brain

The effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on blood—brain barrier (BBB) and brain edema after cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) remain poorly understood. We investigated the effects of exogenous 80-p.p.m. H2S gas on BBB, brain water content, neurologic outcome, and survival rate after CA and CPR. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation followed CA induced in rats by ventricular fibrillation for 6 minutes. Results show that inhalation of 80-p.p.m. H2S significantly reduced the permeability of the BBB in both in the cortex and hippocampus at 24 hours after resuscitation. Hydrogen sulfide also lessened brain edema in the cortex and hippocampus, ameliorated neurologic outcome as evaluated by neurologic deficit score and tape removal test, and improved the 14-day survival rate. Hydrogen sulfide also attenuated CA and CPR-induced increases of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, and increased the expression of angiogenin-1 (Ang-1). These results indicate that inhalation of 80-p.p.m. H2S immediately after CPR attenuated BBB permeability and brain edema, and improved neurologic outcome and 14-day survival of rats after CA. The therapeutic benefits of H2S could be associated with suppression of MMP-9 and VEGF expression and increased expression of Ang-1.

scholarly journals Glycocalyx degradation leads to blood–brain barrier dysfunction and brain edema after asphyxia cardiac arrest in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1979-1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajia Zhu ◽  
Xing Li ◽  
Jia Yin ◽  
Yafang Hu ◽  
Yong Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Brain Edema ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Neurologic Outcome ◽  
Endothelial Glycocalyx ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Bbb Permeability

The role of glycocalyx in blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity and brain damage is poorly understood. Our study aimed to investigate the impacts of endothelial glycocalyx on BBB function in a rat model of cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Male Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to 8-min asphyxia CA/CPR. Compared to controls, glycocalyx was mildly injured by CA, severely disrupted by hyaluronidase (HAase) with CA, and mitigated by hydrocortisone (HC) with CA. More importantly, the disruption of glycocalyx caused by HAase treatment was associated with higher BBB permeability and aggravated brain edema at 24 h after return of spontaneous circulation, as well as lower survival rate and poorer neurologic outcome at seventh day. Reversely, less degradation of glycocalyx by HC treatment was accompanied by higher seven-day survival rate and better neurologic outcome. Mechanistically, HAase treatment further increased CA/CPR-induced activation of glia cells and expression of inflammatory factors, whereas HC decreased them in the brain cortex and hippocampus. Glycocalyx degradation results in BBB leakage, brain edema, and deteriorates neurologic outcome after asphyxia CA/CPR in rats. Preservation of glycocalyx by HC could improve neurologic outcome and reduce BBB permeability, apparently through reduced gene transcription-protein synthesis and inflammation.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Sulfide Decreases Blood-Brain Barrier Damage via Regulating Protein Kinase C and Tight Junction After Cardiac Arrest in Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 994-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hangbing Li ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Jingwei Feng ◽  
Xiaotong Hu ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Evans Blue ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Blood Brain

Background/Aims: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can decrease blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability after cardiac arrest (CA) and resuscitation; however, the underlying mechanisms are not understood clearly. Methods: We investigated the effects of inhalation of H2S on CA and resuscitation in a rat model of CA. We used Evans blue to detect the integrity of BBB and Western blot to assess the activation of protein kinase c (PKC) isozymes and the expression of Claudin-5, Occludin, and ZO-1. Neurological deficit scales and the 14-days survival rate were measured. Results: We determined that inhalation of 40 p.p.m or 80 p.p.m H2S significantly decreased brain water content and Evans blue leakage, ameliorated neurologic deficit scale and improved 14-days survival rate. H2S inhibited the activation of PKC-α, β I, β II and δ, impelled the activation of PKC-ε, and increased the expression of Claudin-5, Occludin and ZO-1. Conclusions: H2S improved the integrity of BBB, mitigated brain edema; improved neurological outcome and 14-days survival rate in rats after CA and resuscitation. The beneficial effects of H2S may be associated with inhibiting the activation of PKC-α, β I, β II and δ, promoting the activation of PKC-ε, and increasing the expression of Claudin-5, Occludin and ZO-1.

Blood-Brain Barrier Sodium Transport and Brain Edema Formation

1995 ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lorris Betz ◽  
Steven R. Ennis ◽  
Xiao-dan Ren ◽  
Gerald P. Schielke ◽  
Richard F. Keep
Keyword(s):  
Brain Edema ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Sodium Transport ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Brain Edema Formation
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