scholarly journals The Effect of Black Tea and Caffeine on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Measured with Arterial Spin Labeling

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 963-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishma Vidyasagar ◽  
Arno Greyling ◽  
Richard Draijer ◽  
Douglas R Corfield ◽  
Laura M Parkes
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reactivity ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Brain Vasculature ◽  
Espresso Coffee ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Double Blinded

Black tea consumption has been shown to improve peripheral vascular function. Its effect on brain vasculature is unknown, though tea contains small amounts of caffeine, a psychoactive substance known to influence cerebral blood flow (CBF). We investigated the effects on CBF due to the intake of tea components in 20 healthy men in a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study. On separate days, subjects received a single dose of 184 mg caffeine (equivalent to one strong espresso coffee), 2,820 mg black tea solids containing 184 mg caffeine (equivalent to 6 cups of tea), 2,820 mg decaffeinated black tea solids, or placebo. The CBF and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) to hypercapnia were measured with arterial spin labeled magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and 2 hours after administration. We found a significant global reduction with caffeine (20%) and tea (21%) in gray matter CBF, with no effect of decaffeinated tea, suggesting that only caffeine influences CBF acutely. Voxelwise analysis revealed the effect of caffeine to be regionally specific. None of the interventions had an effect on CVR. Additional research is required to conclude on the physiologic relevance of these findings and the chronic effects of caffeine and tea intake on CBF.

scholarly journals Transcranial Doppler Evaluation of the Cerebral Vasculature in Women Patients who Have Migraine with Aura

Pain Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3012-3017
Author(s):  
Igor Petrušić ◽  
Ana Podgorac ◽  
Aleksandra Radojičić ◽  
Jasna Zidverc-Trajković
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Migraine With Aura ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reactivity ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Left And Right

Abstract Background Previous studies suggest that increased cerebrovascular reactivity might be a feature of patients who have migraine with aura (MwA). The correlation between the clinical presentation of migraine with aura and transcranial Doppler parameters remains unclear. Objective The main aim of this study was to explore cerebral blood flow, vascular resistance, and cerebrovascular reactivity in women MwA. Also, the relationships between hemodynamic conditions and aura characteristics are examined. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Headache Center, Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia. Subjects Fifty-four women MwA and 49 healthy controls (HCs). Methods Transcranial Doppler sonography examination was used to determine blood flow mean velocity (MV) and pulsatility index (PI), as well as breath-holding index (BHI), in 15 arterial segments comprising the circle of Willis. Results A total of 54 women MwA and 49 HCs were studied. The PIs of all segments of the left and right middle cerebral arteries and the left and right anterior cerebral arteries were significantly higher in MwA with regards to HCs. Also, both the left and right BHIs were significantly higher in MwA than HCs. In addition, MVs of the right vertebral artery and the first segment of the basilar artery were significantly lower in MwA than HCs. Longer duration of migraine aura showed a weak negative correlation with the PI of the left posterior cerebral artery. Conclusions Our findings suggest increased vessel pulsatility, abnormal cerebrovascular reactivity, and decreased cerebral blood flow velocity in several arterial segments of the Willis circle in women MwA.

Surfactant Therapy and Intracranial Hemorrhage: Review of the Literature and Results of New Analyses

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 775-786
Author(s):  
J. Harry Gunkel ◽  
Phillip L.C. Banks
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Surfactant Therapy ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Hemorrhage

Background and objective. Surfactant replacement is a powerful therapy for newborns with respiratory distress syndrome, but limited observations suggest that alterations of cerebral blood flow can accompany the use of several available surfactants. An early European multicenter controlled study with beractant demonstrated an increased rate of intracranial hemorrhage in treated patients. Nine additional controlled studies were subsequently performed and included follow-up evaluations through 2 years adjusted age. This clinical experience provided a database of approximately 1700 infants to examine retrospectively for any relationship between surfactant therapy and intracranial hemorrhage. Methods. Cumulative incidence rates, hazard ratios, and 95% confidence intervals for intracranial hemorrhage were computed for each study and for appropriately pooled studies of similar design. Where an association between surfactant and the risk of intracranial hemorrhage was found, additional analyses were performed to attempt to identify intermediate physiologic events that might link administration of surfactant to the occurrence of intracranial hemorrhage. These analyses were guided by literature reports of hemodynamic changes observed in association with surfactant therapy. Results. During the controlled studies with beractant, treated newborns of 600 to 750 g birth weight were at higher risk for grades I and II intracranial hemorrhage than control newborns. There was no increased risk for grades III and IV hemorrhage among these newborns, nor was there increased risk of hemorrhage among any other patient groups. This finding did not result in increased morbidity for the affected patients; at 2 years adjusted age, they were not different from the control infants of 600 to 750 g birth weight. Retrospective examination of the database could not pinpoint the mechanism behind the finding, but it might have been related to changes in cerebral blood flow after surfactant uncompensated by ventilator management of oxygenation and ventilation. Conclusion. Surfactant therapy may set in motion hemodynamic changes that could predispose to intracranial hemorrhage in certain circumstances, but this can probably be compensated by careful management of oxygenation and ventilation. A relationship between surfactant therapy and intracranial hemorrhage is probably not isolated to any particular surfactant preparation or method of delivery; studies comparing surfactants have shown no differences in rates of intracranial hemorrhage.

scholarly journals Higher Aortic Stiffness Is Related to Lower Cerebral Blood Flow and Preserved Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Older Adults

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (18) ◽  
pp. 1951-1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela L. Jefferson ◽  
Francis E. Cambronero ◽  
Dandan Liu ◽  
Elizabeth E. Moore ◽  
Jacquelyn E. Neal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reactivity

scholarly journals Effects of GV14 Acupuncture on Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in the Basilar and Middle Cerebral Arteries and CO2 Reactivity during Hypercapnia in Normal Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hyun Ku Lee ◽  
Sang-Kwan Moon ◽  
Chul Jin ◽  
Seung-Yeon Cho ◽  
Seong-Uk Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reactivity ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Co2 Reactivity ◽  
Middle Cerebral Arteries

The Governing Vessel 14 (GV14) (Dazhui) is one of the acupuncture points referred to as “seven acupoints for stroke.” Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of research on the effects of acupuncture treatment at GV14. This study investigated the effects of acupuncture at GV14 on cerebral blood flow (CBF), especially that in the basilar artery (BA) and the middle cerebral arteries (MCA). Sixteen healthy men aged 20 to 29 years were enrolled in this study. CBF velocity and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) were measured using transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD). The following were assessed: closed circuit rebreathing- (CCR-) induced carbon dioxide (CO2) reactivity, modified blood flow velocity at 40 mmHg (CV40) on BA and MCAs, blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR). Observed results were obtained after comparison with the baseline evaluation. Statistically significant elevations in CO2 reactivity were recorded in the BA (3.28 to 4.70, p < 0.001 ) and MCAs (right: 3.81 to 5.25, p = 0.001 ; left: 3.84 to 5.12, p = 0.005 ) after acupuncture at GV14. The CV40 increased statistically significantly only in the BA (45.49 to 50.41, p = 0.003 ). No change was observed in BP (106.83 to 107.08 (mmHg), p = 0.335 ) and HR (77 to 75 (bpm), p = 0.431 ). Acupuncture at GV14 improved CBF velocity. These results could be explained by the regulation of endothelium-dependent vessel dilation effected by acupuncture. This trial is registered with Korean Clinical Trial Registry (http://cris.nih.go.kr; registration number: KCT0004787).

scholarly journals Electro-Metabolic Sensing Through Capillary ATP-Sensitive K+ Channels and Adenosine to Control Cerebral Blood Flow

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Sancho ◽  
Nicholas R. Klug ◽  
Amreen Mughal ◽  
Thomas J. Heppner ◽  
David Hill-Eubanks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
List Type ◽  
Capillary Endothelial Cells ◽  
Metabolic Sensing ◽  
Cellular Components

SUMMARYThe dense network of capillaries composed of capillary endothelial cells (cECs) and pericytes lies in close proximity to all neurons, ideally positioning it to sense neuro/glial-derived compounds that regulate regional and global cerebral perfusion. The membrane potential (VM) of vascular cells serves as the essential output in this scenario, linking brain activity to vascular function. The ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP) is a key regulator of vascular VM in other beds, but whether brain capillaries possess functional KATP channels remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that brain capillary ECs and pericytes express KATP channels that robustly control VM. We further show that the endogenous mediator adenosine acts through A2A receptors and the Gs/cAMP/PKA pathway to activate capillary KATP channels. Moreover, KATP channel stimulation in vivo causes vasodilation and increases cerebral blood flow (CBF). These findings establish the presence of KATP channels in cECs and pericytes and suggest their significant influence on CBF.HIGHLIGHTSCapillary network cellular components—endothelial cells and pericytes—possess functional KATP channels.Activation of KATP channels causes profound hyperpolarization of capillary cell membranes.Capillary KATP channels are activated by exogenous adenosine via A2A receptors and cAMP-dependent protein kinase.KATP channel activation by adenosine or synthetic openers increases cerebral blood flow.

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with increased middle cerebral arterial compliance and decreased cerebral blood flow in young healthy adults: A pulsed ASL MRI study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1879-1889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah V Furby ◽  
Esther AH Warnert ◽  
Christopher J Marley ◽  
Damian M Bailey ◽  
Richard G Wise
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reactivity ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cerebral Arterial Compliance

Cardiorespiratory fitness is thought to have beneficial effects on systemic vascular health, in part, by decreasing arterial stiffness. However, in the absence of non-invasive methods, it remains unknown whether this effect extends to the cerebrovasculature. The present study uses a novel pulsed arterial spin labelling (pASL) technique to explore the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and arterial compliance of the middle cerebral arteries (MCAC). Other markers of cerebrovascular health, including resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 (CVRCO2) were also investigated. Eleven healthy males aged 21 ± 2 years with varying levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]O2MAX) 38–76 ml/min/kg) underwent MRI scanning at 3 Tesla. Higher [Formula: see text]O2MAX was associated with greater MCAC (R2 = 0.64, p < 0.01) and lower resting grey matter CBF (R2 = 0.75, p < 0.01). However, [Formula: see text]O2MAX was not predictive of global grey matter BOLD-based CVR (R2 = 0.47, p = 0.17) or CBF-based CVR (R2 = 0.19, p = 0.21). The current experiment builds upon the established benefits of exercise on arterial compliance in the systemic vasculature, by showing that increased cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with greater cerebral arterial compliance in early adulthood.

Binge alcohol exposure in the second trimester attenuates fetal cerebral blood flow response to hypoxia

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 972-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis E. Mayock ◽  
Dana Ness ◽  
Robin L. Mondares ◽  
Christine A. Gleason
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reactivity ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Fetal Alcohol

Alcohol is detrimental to the developing brain and remains the leading cause of mental retardation in developed countries. The mechanism of alcohol brain damage remains elusive. Studies of neurological problems in adults have focused on alcohol's cerebrovascular effects, because alcoholism is a major risk factor for stroke and cerebrovascular injuries. However, few studies have examined similar cerebrovascular effects of fetal alcohol exposure. We examined the effect of chronic binge alcohol exposure during the second trimester on fetal cerebrovascular and metabolic responses to hypoxia in near-term sheep and tested the hypothesis that fetal alcohol exposure would attenuate cerebrovascular dilation to hypoxia. Pregnant ewes were infused with alcohol (1.5 g/kg) or saline intravenously at 60–90 days of gestation (full term = 150 days). At 125 days of gestation, we measured fetal cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygen metabolism at baseline and during hypoxia. Maternal blood alcohol averaged 214 ± 5.9 mg/dl immediately after the 1.5-h infusion, with similar values throughout the month of infusion. Hypoxia resulted in a robust increase in CBF in saline-infused fetuses. However, the CBF response to hypoxia in fetuses chronically exposed to alcohol was significantly attenuated. Cerebral oxygen delivery decreased in both groups of fetuses during hypoxia but to a greater degree in the alcohol-exposed fetuses. Prenatal alcohol exposure during the second trimester attenuates cerebrovascular responses to hypoxia in the third trimester. Altered cerebrovascular reactivity might be one mechanism for alcohol-related brain damage and might set the stage for further brain injury if a hypoxic insult occurs.

scholarly journals The Acute and Chronic Cognitive and Cerebral Blood-Flow Effects of Nepalese Pepper (Zanthoxylum armatum DC.) Extract—A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study in Healthy Humans

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3022 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kennedy ◽  
Emma Wightman ◽  
Julie Khan ◽  
Torsten Grothe ◽  
Philippa Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
Healthy Humans

Background: Zanthoxylum armatum DC. (ZA) is a traditional Asian culinary spice and medicinal compound, which is rich in monoterpenes and hydroxy α-sanshool. Mechanistic interactions with the monoamine, cholinergic and cannabinoid neurotransmission systems, as well as transient receptor potential (TRP) and potassium ion channels, may predispose ZA to modulate human brain function. Objectives: To investigate the effects of a single dose and 56-days supplementation with a lipid extract of ZA on cognitive function, mood and cerebral blood-flow (CBF) parameters in the pre-frontal cortex during cognitive task performance. Design: Double-blind, randomized, parallel groups study with N = 82 healthy males and females between the ages of 30 and 55 years. Assessments were undertaken pre-dose and at 1, 3 and 5 h post-dose on the first (Day 1) and last (Day 56) days of supplementation. Results: A single dose of ZA (Day 1) resulted in acute improvements on a ‘Speed of Attention’ factor and the Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVIP) task, in comparison to placebo. However, following ZA participants were less accurate on the name-to-face recall task. After 56 days of ZA consumption (Day 56), speed was enhanced on a global ‘Speed of Performance’ measure, comprising data from all of the timed tasks in the computerized battery. Participants also completed more correct Serial 3s Subtractions at the 3 h assessment and were less mentally fatigued throughout the day than participants consuming placebo. These effects were complemented on both Day 1 and Day 56 by modulation of CBF parameters, as assessed by Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). The primary finding here was a reduced hemodynamic response during the RVIP task. Conclusion: ZA improves aspects of cognitive performance, in particular the speed of performing tasks, in healthy humans and results in concomitant reductions in hemodynamic responses in the frontal cortex during task performance. The findings suggest an increase in neural efficiency following ZA.

scholarly journals The Contribution of Arterial Blood Gases in Cerebral Blood Flow Regulation and Fuel Utilization in Man at High Altitude

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 873-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher K Willie ◽  
David B MacLeod ◽  
Kurt J Smith ◽  
Nia C Lewis ◽  
Glen E Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Cerebral Metabolism ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reactivity ◽  
Arterial Blood Gases ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Cerebrovascular Function

The effects of partial acclimatization to high altitude (HA; 5,050 m) on cerebral metabolism and cerebrovascular function have not been characterized. We hypothesized (1) increased cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) at HA; and (2) that CO2 would affect cerebral metabolism more than hypoxia. PaO2 and PaCO2 were manipulated at sea level (SL) to simulate HA exposure, and at HA, SL blood gases were simulated; CVR was assessed at both altitudes. Arterial–jugular venous differences were measured to calculate cerebral metabolic rates and cerebral blood flow (CBF). We observed that (1) partial acclimatization yields a steeper CO2-H+ relation in both arterial and jugular venous blood; yet (2) CVR did not change, despite (3) mean arterial pressure (MAP)-CO2 reactivity being doubled at HA, thus indicating effective cerebral autoregulation. (4) At SL hypoxia increased CBF, and restoration of oxygen at HA reduced CBF, but neither had any effect on cerebral metabolism. Acclimatization resets the cerebrovasculature to chronic hypocapnia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document