scholarly journals Bilateral Simultaneous Assessment of Cerebral Flow Velocity during Mental Activity

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Silvestrini ◽  
Letizia M. Cupini ◽  
Maria Matteis ◽  
Elio Troisi ◽  
Carlo Caltagirone
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Mental Activity ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Visual Imaging ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Middle ◽  
Mental Tasks

The purpose of this study was to assess the potential of transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography for detecting selective changes in cerebral blood flow velocity during mental activity. Mean flow velocity was continuously and simultaneously measured in the right and left middle cerebral arteries in 26 healthy right-handed young subjects at rest and during performance of verbal and visual-imaging mental tasks. These two mental tasks produced significantly different effects on the right and left sides: the verbal task produced a higher increase of flow velocity (mean absolute difference above baseline ± SD) with respect to the basal values in the left than in the right middle cerebral artery (5.56 ±3.8 cm/s vs 1.25 ± 3.1 cm/s); the visual-imaging task was accompanied by a higher increase in the right than in the left middle cerebral artery (3.92 ± 3.3 cm/s vs 1.52 ± 3.1 cm/s)—analysis of variance (ANOVA) three-fold interaction side of recording × task × condition, F = 25.67, p < .0001). Heart rate, blood pressure, and skin conductance showed comparable increases during performance of both mental tasks. Respiratory activity showed no modification during the mental activity with respect to the rest phase. These results demonstrate the possibility of delivering specific functional information via bilateral TCD and suggest wider utilization of this noninvasive technique in neuropsychological studies.

Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity during and after Sustained Isometric Skeletal Muscle Contractions in Man

1998 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Imms ◽  
F. Russo ◽  
V. I. Iyawe ◽  
M. B. Segal
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

1. Twenty-seven young subjects used their right hand to perform sustained, isometric contractions at 40% of maximum for 2 min while lying supine. 2. During the last 30 s of exercise, mean arterial blood pressure increased by 38 ± 4 mmHg (mean ± S.E.M.) and heart rate by 27 ± 2 beats/min. 3. Nineteen of the subjects respired eucapnically during exercise, increasing ventilation by 4.1 ± 0.5 litres/min. Eight subjects hyperventilated (7.1–19.6 litres/min) and decreased end-tidal Pco2 by 8.2 to 15.1 mmHg during the last minute of exercise. 4. In the eucapnic subjects mean flow velocity in the right (i.e. contralateral to the activated cortex) middle cerebral artery increased by 11.4 ± 1.0 cm/s, a change of 17%, during the contraction. This represents an increase in volume flow to the territory of this vessel, but an increase in global flow to the brain cannot be inferred. 5. In the eight subjects who hyperventilated during exercise, there was no rise of flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery, and in some subjects there was a fall during the first 2 min of recovery. These findings suggest that if subjects hyperventilate during handgrip exercise there could be a fall in volume flow to many regions of the brain during and after the exercise.

Influence of posture on middle cerebral artery mean flow velocity in humans

1995 ◽  
Vol 71 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Savin ◽  
O. Bailliart ◽  
A. Checoury ◽  
P. Bonnin ◽  
C. Grossin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Mean Flow Velocity

scholarly journals Low flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery predicting infarction after bypass surgery in adult moyamoya disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 1573-1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoyeon Cho ◽  
Kyung Il Jo ◽  
Jua Yu ◽  
Je Young Yeon ◽  
Seung-Chyul Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Postoperative Mri

OBJECTIVEDirect and indirect bypass surgeries are recognized as the most effective treatments for preventing further stroke in adults with moyamoya disease (MMD). However, the risk factors for postoperative infarction after bypass surgery for MMD are not well established. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors for postoperative infarction. In particular, the authors sought to determine whether transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography measurements of mean flow velocity (MFV) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) could predict postrevascularization infarction.METHODSThe medical records of patients with MMD who underwent direct bypass surgery at the authors' institution between July 2012 and April 2015 were reviewed. The MFV in the MCA was measured with TCD ultrasonography and categorized as high (> 80 cm/sec), medium (40–80 cm/sec), and low (< 40 cm/sec). Postoperative MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging, was performed for all patients within a week of their surgery. Angiographic findings were classified according to the Suzuki scale. Postrevascularization infarction was defined as any diffusion restriction on postoperative MRI scans. Postoperative neurological status was assessed through a clinical chart review, and the modified Rankin Scale was used to evaluate clinical outcomes.RESULTSOf 43 hemispheres in which bypass surgery for MMD was performed, 11 showed postrevascularization infarction. Ten of these hemispheres had low MFV and 1 had medium MFV in the ipsilateral MCA. In both univariate and multivariate analyses, a low MFV was associated with postrevascularization infarction (adjusted OR 109.2, 95% CI 1.9–6245.3). A low MFV was also statistically significantly associated with more advanced MMD stage (p = 0.02).CONCLUSIONSA low MFV in the ipsilateral MCA may predict postrevascularization infarction. Bypass surgery for MMD appears to be safe in early-stage MMD. Results of TCD ultrasonography provide clinical data on the hemodynamics in MMD patients before and after revascularization.

37: MEAN FLOW VELOCITY OF THE MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY PREDICTS POOR OUTCOME AFTER SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
Khalil Yousef ◽  
Elizabeth Crago ◽  
Anne Fisher ◽  
Theodore Lagattuta ◽  
Marilyn Hravnak
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Mean Flow Velocity

scholarly journals Cerebral haemodynamics in early puerperium: A prospective study

Ultrasound ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
GP Anzola ◽  
R Brighenti ◽  
M Cobelli ◽  
A Giossi ◽  
S Mazzucco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Velocity Ratio ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Middle Cerebral Arteries ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Mean Flow Velocity

Aim Prospective study on 900 consecutive puerperae to assess normal values and range of the blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery in both hemispheres. Material and method M1 and M2 segments of both middle cerebral arteries were assessed in all subjects within 96 hours of delivery. Mean flow velocity was recorded after adjusting for insonation angle. Lindegaard index (LI = middle cerebral artery–Internal Carotid Artery mean flow velocity ratio) was calculated whenever the mean flow velocity exceeded 100 cm/second. Asymmetry indexes were calculated inter hemispherically for M1 and M2 segments separately. Results Mean flow velocities were 74 ± 17 and 72 ± 17 in right and 73 ± 17 and 72 ± 17 cm/second in the left M1 and M2, respectively. A total of 136 subjects (12.1%) exceeded the threshold of 100 cm/second, but LI was consistently <3 in all of them. Mean flow velocity was inversely and independently correlated to haemoglobin levels and to parity. Mean asymmetry indexes were 0.25 ± 23 in M1 and 0.45 ± 25 in M2. Conclusion Mean flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery of healthy subjects in early puerperium is higher than in age-matched non-puerperal women and may exceed the threshold of 100 cm/second with no evidence of intracranial spasm, because of blood loss during delivery. Mean flow velocity is independently correlated with parity. Right-to-left mean flow velocity asymmetry may reach 50% as a consequence of a transient imbalance in vascular tone regulation.

scholarly journals Clipping of bilateral MCA aneurysms and a coiled ACOM aneurysm through a modified lateral supraorbital craniotomy

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (videosuppl1) ◽  
pp. Video19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziad A. Hage ◽  
Fady T. Charbel
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Sylvian Fissure ◽  
Left Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Mca Aneurysm ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Middle ◽  
Supraorbital Craniotomy

We showcase the microsurgical clipping of a left middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm-(B) done through a modified right lateral supraorbital craniotomy, as well as clipping of a previously coiled anterior communicating (ACOM) artery aneurysm-(C) and a bilobed right MCA aneurysm-(A). Splitting of the right sylvian fissure is initially performed following which a subfrontal approach is used to expose and dissect the contralateral sylvian fissure. The left MCA aneurysm is identified and clipped. The ACOM aneurysm is then clipped following multiple clip repositioning based on flow measurements. The right MCA aneurysm is then identified and each lobe is clipped separately.The first picture showcased in this video is a side to side right and left ICA injection in AP projection. In this picture, (A) points to the bilobed right MCA aneurysm, (B) to the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm, and (C) to the previously coiled anterior communicating (ACOM) artery aneurysm. The red dotted line shows that both MCA aneurysms lie within the same plane which makes it easier to clip both of them, through one small craniotomy.The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/4cQC7nHsL5I.

Middle cerebral artery flow velocity increases more in patients with delayed intraparenchymal hemorrhage after Pipeline

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Brunozzi ◽  
Sophia F Shakur ◽  
Ahmed E Hussein ◽  
Fady T Charbel ◽  
Ali Alaraj
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Cerebral Aneurysms ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage ◽  
Velocity Changes ◽  
Mean Flow Velocity ◽  
Flow Velocities

ObjectivePipeline Embolization Devices (PED) are commonly used for endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms but can be associated with delayed ipsilateral intraparenchymal hemorrhage (DIPH). The role that altered intracranial hemodynamics may play in the pathophysiology of DIPH is poorly understood. We assess middle cerebral artery (MCA) flow velocity changes after PED deployment.Materials and methodsPatients with aneurysms located proximal to the internal carotid artery terminus treated with PED at our institution between 2015 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were included if MCA flow velocities were measured using transcranial Doppler. Bilateral MCA flow velocities, ratio of ipsilateral to contralateral MCA flow velocity, and bilateral MCA pulsatility index before and after PED deployment were assessed.Results10 patients of mean age 52 years were included. Two patients had DIPH within 48 hours after PED deployment. We observed that these two patients had a higher increase in ipsilateral MCA mean flow velocity after treatment compared with patients without DIPH (39.5% vs 5.5%). Additionally, before PED deployment, patients with DIPH had a higher ipsilateral MCA pulsatility index (1.55 vs 0.98) and a higher ratio of ipsilateral to contralateral MCA mean flow velocity (1.35 vs 1.04).ConclusionsAfter PED, ipsilateral MCA mean flow velocity increases more in patients with DIPH. These flow velocity changes suggest the possible role of altered distal intracranial hemodynamics in DIPH after PED treatment of cerebral aneurysms. Further data are required to confirm this observation.

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