A genomic comparison of 13 symbiotic Vibrio fischeri isolates from the perspective of their host source and colonization behavior

Sediments were dated and the quality assessed by polyphasic approach in an area of Lake Saimaa, which has received waste water from bleached kraft pulp production since 1954. The chosen nonrecipient forest Lake Pyylampi was situated in the same area. The activities of the enzymes butyrate-esterase and aminopeptidase were depressed at the depth of 2 to 8 cm in the recipient but not in the forst lake sediment. In the same layers the contents of EOX-C1 and toxicity to Vibrio fischeri were very high compared to those above or below. Toxicity to microbial community in the 2 to 8 cm layer was also indicated by a gap in the ATP content and a drop in diatom species richness from the 70 species to < 50 reflecting decreased water quality of the pelagic area. All these changes dated to the period of heavy organic halogen discharges, from 1960 to late 1980s, which led to sediment accumulation of solvent soluble halogen at a depth of 2 to 8 cm, to 6.4 g m−2 (cm)−1. In the most polluted sediment layers heavy metal accumulation was too little to be related to the toxicity of these layers. Almost complete recovery of both the sediment microbial ecosystems and of the pelagic diatoms occurred after elemental chlorine was completely substituted by chlorine dioxide and biological treatment adopted for wastewaters. Butyrate-esterase and aminopeptidase, but not phosphatase, activities correlated positively with the ATP content of the sediment. Butyrate-esterase may be used as a tool to estimate microbial biomass.

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Interactive toxic effects of agrochemicals on aquatic organisms

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1999.0067 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 357-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A. Kungolos ◽

P. Samaras ◽

A. M. Kipopoulou ◽

A. Zoumboulis ◽

G. P. Sakellaropoulos

Keyword(s):

Daphnia Magna ◽

Marine Bacterium ◽

Methyl Parathion ◽

Vibrio Fischeri ◽

Interactive Effect ◽

Algal Growth ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Selenastrum Capricornutum ◽

Toxic Compound

The effects of three common agrochemicals, lindane, methyl parathion and atrazine, on crustacean Daphnia magna, alga Selenastrum capricornutum and marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri were investigated in this study. Methyl parathion was the most toxic compound towards all three organisms, while lindane was more toxic to Daphnia magna and Vibrio fischeri than atrazine, and atrazine was more toxic to Selenastrum capricornutum than lindane. Among the three aquatic organisms, Selenastrum capricornutum was most sensitive in detecting lindane and atrazine toxicity, while Daphnia magna was most sensitive in detecting methyl parathion toxicity. The interactive effects of the pesticides were also investigated. The interactive effect between lindane and methyl parathion on survival of Daphnia magna was synergistic, while the ones between lindane and atrazine and between methyl parathion and atrazine were generally additive. The interactive effect of the three pesticides applied together on Daphnia magna was synergistic. The interactive effect of the three pesticides on the growth of Selenastrum capricornutum was antagonistic with few cases of addition, while the effect of all the three pairs of pesticides on algal growth was also antagonistic. The interactive effect of lindane and methyl parathion on Vibrio fischeri was additive.

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A Simple Device for the On-Site Photodegradation of Pesticide Mixes Remnants to Avoid Environmental Point Pollution

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11083593 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 3593

Author(s):

Biagio Esposito ◽

Francesco Riminucci ◽

Stefano Di Marco ◽

Elisa Giorgia Metruccio ◽

Fabio Osti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vibrio Fischeri ◽

Analytical Data ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Freshwater Ecosystems ◽

Point Sources ◽

Pseudokirchneriella Subcapitata ◽

Parent Molecule ◽

Oxidation Processes ◽

Sources Of Pollution ◽

Pesticides In Water

The worldwide increase in the number and use of agrochemicals impacts nearby soil and freshwater ecosystems. Beyond the excess in applications and dosages, the inadequate management of remnants and the rinsing water of containers and application equipment worsen this problem, creating point sources of pollution. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as photocatalytic and photo-oxidation processes have been successfully applied in degrading organic pollutants. We developed a simple prototype to be used at farms for quickly degrading pesticides in water solutions by exploiting a UV–H2O2-mediated AOP. As representative compounds, we selected the insecticide imidacloprid, the herbicide terbuthylazine, and the fungicide azoxystrobin, all in their commercial formulation. The device efficiency was investigated through the disappearance of the parent molecule and the degree of mineralization. The toxicity of the pesticide solutions, before and during the treatment, was assessed by Vibrio fischeri and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata inhibition assays. The results obtained have demonstrated a cost-effective, viable alternative for detoxifying the pesticide solutions before their disposal into the environment, even though the compounds, or their photoproducts, showed different sensitivities to physicochemical degradation. The bioassays revealed changes in the inhibitory effects on the organisms in agreement with the analytical data.

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Complete mitochondrial genomes of Epeorus carinatus and E. dayongensis (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae): Genomic comparison and phylogenetic inference

Gene ◽

10.1016/j.gene.2021.145467 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 777 ◽

pp. 145467

Author(s):

Wei Zhang ◽

Ran Li ◽

Changfa Zhou

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Inference ◽

Mitochondrial Genomes ◽

Genomic Comparison ◽

Complete Mitochondrial Genomes

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