scholarly journals Quantitative detection of culturable methanogenic archaea abundance in anaerobic treatment systems using the sequence-specific rRNA cleavage method

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 522-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Narihiro ◽  
Takeshi Terada ◽  
Akiko Ohashi ◽  
Jer-Horng Wu ◽  
Wen-Tso Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Rrna Cleavage ◽  
Cleavage Method

scholarly journals Methanogenic Microorganisms in Industrial Wastewater Anaerobic Treatment

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1546
Author(s):  
Monika Vítězová ◽  
Anna Kohoutová ◽  
Tomáš Vítěz ◽  
Nikola Hanišáková ◽  
Ivan Kushkevych
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Anaerobic Environment

Over the past decades, anaerobic biotechnology is commonly used for treating high-strength wastewaters from different industries. This biotechnology depends on interactions and co-operation between microorganisms in the anaerobic environment where many pollutants’ transformation to energy-rich biogas occurs. Properties of wastewater vary across industries and significantly affect microbiome composition in the anaerobic reactor. Methanogenic archaea play a crucial role during anaerobic wastewater treatment. The most abundant acetoclastic methanogens in the anaerobic reactors for industrial wastewater treatment are Methanosarcina sp. and Methanotrix sp. Hydrogenotrophic representatives of methanogens presented in the anaerobic reactors are characterized by a wide species diversity. Methanoculleus sp., Methanobacterium sp. and Methanospirillum sp. prevailed in this group. This work summarizes the relation of industrial wastewater composition and methanogen microbial communities present in different reactors treating these wastewaters.

Sequence-specific cleavage of 16S rRNA for rapid and quantitative detection of particular groups of anaerobes in bioreactors

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Sekiguchi ◽  
Y. Uyeno ◽  
A. Sunaga ◽  
H. Yoshida ◽  
Y. Kamagata
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Rnase H ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Anaerobic Microorganisms ◽  
Complex Microbial Community ◽  
Rrna Cleavage ◽  
Digested Sewage Sludge

We developed a rapid and simple method for rRNA-based quantitative detection of a specific group of microorganisms in complex ecosystems. The method relies on the sequence-specific scission of 16S rRNA with ribonuclease H (RNase H) and oligonucleotides that specifically hybridize with targeted rRNA molecules. RNAs from a complex community were first mixed with an oligonucleotide and were subsequently digested with RNase H to achieve sequence-dependent rRNA cleavage at the hybridization site. For the quantitative detection of targeted rRNAs, the resulting RNA fragment patterns were analyzed by gel-electrophoresis, which separated and quantified cleaved and intact rRNA fragments. This method enabled the quantitative detection of microbes in a complex microbial community by a relatively simple and fast experimental procedure. We then applied the cleavage method to actual anaerobic microbial communities such as digested sewage sludge and UASB sludges. The results demonstrated that the present method was fully applicable to anaerobic digestor ecosystems containing complex anaerobic microorganisms.

scholarly journals Role of syntrophic microbial communities in high-rate methanogenic bioreactors

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfons J. M. Stams ◽  
Diana Z. Sousa ◽  
Robbert Kleerebezem ◽  
Caroline M. Plugge
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

Anaerobic purification is a cost-effective way to treat high strength industrial wastewater. Through anaerobic treatment of wastewaters energy is conserved as methane, and less sludge is produced. For high-rate methanogenesis compact syntrophic communities of fatty acid-degrading bacteria and methanogenic archaea are essential. Here, we describe the microbiology of syntrophic communities in methanogenic reactor sludges and provide information on which microbiological factors are essential to obtain high volumetric methane production rates. Fatty-acid degrading bacteria have been isolated from bioreactor sludges, but also from other sources such as freshwater sediments. Despite the important role that fatty acid-degrading bacteria play in high-rate methanogenic bioreactors, their relative numbers are generally low. This finding indicates that the microbial community composition can be further optimized to achieve even higher rates.

Reliable method for assessing the COD mass balance of a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAMBR) treating sulphate-rich municipal wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Giménez ◽  
L. Carretero ◽  
M. N. Gatti ◽  
N. Martí ◽  
L. Borrás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Yield Coefficient ◽  
Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor

The anaerobic treatment of sulphate-rich wastewater causes sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) and methanogenic archaea (MA) to compete for the available substrate. The outcome is lower methane yield coefficient and, therefore, a reduction in the energy recovery potential of the anaerobic treatment. Moreover, in order to assess the overall chemical oxygen demand (COD) balance, it is necessary to determine how much dissolved CH4 is lost in the effluent. The aim of this study is to develop a detailed and reliable method for assessing the COD mass balance and, thereby, to establish a more precise methane yield coefficient for anaerobic systems treating sulphate-rich wastewaters. A submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAMBR) treating sulphate-rich municipal wastewater was operated at 33 °C for an experimental period of 90 d, resulting in a high COD removal (approximately 84%) with a methane-enriched biogas of 54 ± 15% v/v. The novelty of the proposed methodology is to take into account the sulphide oxidation during COD determination, the COD removed only by MA and the dissolved CH4 lost with the effluent. The obtained biomethanation yield (333 L CH4 kg−1 CODREM MA) is close to the theoretical value, which confirms the reliability of the proposed method.

Therapeutic efficacy of some extracts of hot pepper fruits (Capsicum annuum) and Sumac seeds (Rhus coriaria) on the growth of some isolated dermatophytes species

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Sara Omran ◽  
Abdulghani Alsamarai ◽  
Firas Razzzaq
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Dermatology Clinic

Background: Fungal infections are one of the common skin diseases with difficulty in their treatment approach. The present efficient drugs for fungal infection are limited. Aim: To determine the therapeutic efficacy of plant extracts as alternative antifungal agents. Materials and methods: 100 clinical samples [68 from female and 32 from male] were collected during the period from March to July 2017 from subjects attending Dermatology Clinic in Salah Uldean General Hospital. Fungal infection was diagnosed with using KOH wet preparation. Fungal species identified by using conventional approach. The active ingredients existing in the plant extracts were detected and analyzed through qualitative and quantitative detection technique of chemical compounds using a high performance liquid chromatographic device (HPLC). Agar diffusion method was used to determine antifungal activity of plant extracts. Results: Direct microscopic examination showed that there were (75%) positive samples, while culture shows (67%) positive samples. The isolated dermatophytes belong to Epidermophyoton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton genus. The predominant dermatophytes were T. rubrum (25%) species. The highest frequency of infection was in the age group of 11-20 years. The sensitivity of the tested fungi to the aqueous and alcoholic plant extracts varies. Alcoholic extract of the hot pepper plant was more effective as antifungal than the aqueous extract of the same plant. However, aqueous hot pepper extracts was more effective against T. mentagrophyte than that of alcoholic extract. Additionally, alcoholic Sumac extract shows higher efficacy that aqueous extract. Conclusion: Hot pepper and Sumac extracts show antifungal activity against Microsporum canis, Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophyte.

Quantitative detection and imaging of soot particles by laser induced incandescence

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. McManus ◽  
M. Allen ◽  
W. Rawlins ◽  
K. McManus ◽  
M. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Soot Particles ◽  
Laser Induced Incandescence

BIOGAS PRODUCTION BY ANAEROBIC TREATMENT OF WASTE MIXTURE CONSISTING OF CATTLE MANURE AND VEGETABLE REMAINS

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvydas Zagorskis ◽  
Pranas Baltrenas ◽  
Antonas Misevicius ◽  
Edita Baltrenaite
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Waste Mixture
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document