scholarly journals Periaortic fat and cardiovascular risk: a comparison of high-risk older adults and age-matched healthy controls

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1397-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
T E Brinkley ◽  
X Leng ◽  
H L Chughtai ◽  
B J Nicklas ◽  
S B Kritchevsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Periaortic Fat

Abstract 132: Epicardial, Pericardial and Periaortic Fat Are Elevated in Older Adults at High Cardiac Risk

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina E Brinkley ◽  
Dalane W Kitzman ◽  
Jingzhong Ding ◽  
Barbara J Nicklas ◽  
Stephen B Kritchevsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Visceral Adiposity ◽  
Descending Aorta ◽  
Periaortic Fat

Background: Excess fat around the heart and aorta may be novel risk factors for heart failure, independent of total adiposity. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are unknown. Purpose: To measure epicardial fat (EAT, within the pericardium), paracardial fat (PAT, outside the pericardium), and periaortic fat around the ascending and descending aorta in older adults to test the hypothesis that visceral adiposity is positively associated with arterial stiffness. Methods: Fat volumes were measured by MRI in 40 high-risk adults (age: 69±9 yrs, 50% female) with hypertension (96%), diabetes (35%), or coronary artery disease (35%) and 20 age- and gender-matched controls. High-risk adults were further characterized as very stiff or moderately stiff based on pulse wave velocity values above or below the median (850 cm/s). EAT and PAT were measured from the base to the apex of the heart. Periaortic fat was measured at the level of the main pulmonary artery. Results: After adjusting for BMI, both high-risk groups had greater periaortic fat compared to controls (p<0.01, Figure); however, only adults with very stiff aortas had greater EAT and PAT than controls (p<0.02). Despite 12-25% higher EAT and PAT in very stiff vs. moderately stiff adults, fat volume differences did not reach statistical significance between these groups. Total arterial compliance (defined as the ratio of left ventricular stroke volume to brachial artery pulse pressure) was weakly correlated with periaortic fat around the descending aorta in controls (r=-0.39, p=0.09), but not in the high-risk group. Conclusions: Older adults at high cardiac risk have greater EAT, PAT, and periaortic fat compared to low-risk controls. However, greater visceral adiposity is not strongly associated with worse arterial stiffness in this population.

scholarly journals POS1149 CARDIOVASCULAR RISK STATUS AND OBESITY IN GOUT COMPARED TO HEALTHY MEXICAN SUBJECTS: A CASE-CONTROLS STUDY WITH A PROPENSITY SCORE-MATCHED ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 853.2-854
Author(s):  
R. Jimenez-Soto ◽  
A. Sanchez Rodríguez ◽  
C. Moreno del Castillo ◽  
A. Turrent ◽  
P. E. Bermudez Bermejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Risk Status ◽  
Framingham Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Estimated Risk

Background:Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), metabolic syndrome and hyperuricemia due to an increment in their incidence world-wide, but information regarding the 10-year estimated risk in gout vs. healthy subjects is scarce.Objectives:To assess baseline the 10-year cardiovascular risk and high-risk status in gout patients compared to healthy controls.Methods:Data from 494 gout paired to controls in a ratio of 1:1 matched with age, sex and body mass index (BMI) and stratified by normal (≤ 24.9 Kg/m2), overweight (25 - 29.9 Kg/m2) and obese (≥30 Kg/m2). Controls were asymptomatic subjects attending a preventive clinic in Mexico City. We used the Framingham Risk Score for Coronary Heart Disease (FRS-CHD) and the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (2013 ACC/AHA). Additionally, high risk status was defined according to pre-defined cutoff points for FRS-CHD (≥ 20%) and ACC/AHA 2013 (≥7.5%).Results:Data from 494 gout and 494 controls. Gout patients were male 97.4%, 47 (SD ± 13) years, mean BMI of 28.4 (SD ± 4.31) Kg/m2. Age, sex, and BMI and subgroups were equilibrated (p=NS). Gout patients had higher 10-year estimated risk vs. controls nevertheless, only FRS-CHD reached statistically significant difference with 9.38 vs. 7.5 ± 5.74 (p<0.001); For 2013 ACC/AHA 4.94 ± 6.16 vs. 5.23 ± 6.78, (p=0.49). Further stratification by BMI groups revealed that subjects with gout in normal and overweight categories were had higher risk vs. controls with FRS-CHD score of 8.86 ± 8.05 vs. 6.53 ± 6.41 (p=0.03) and 9.37 ± 7.72 vs. 7.89 ± 5.58 (p=0.01), respectively. No differences for 2013 ACC/AHA in global and BMI-stratified comparisons. Proportion of high-risk subjects were similar in both groups regardless of BMI category: for FRS-CHD 7.5 vs 4.7% (p=0.06) and 2013 ACC/AHA with 21.5 vs. 17.8% (p=0.14).Conclusion:Normal BMI or overweight Mexican patients with gout may be at higher 10-year estimated cardiovascular risk compared to matched age, gender and BMI healthy controls. Obese gout subjects are at high risk with non-statistical significance scores for FRS-CHD or 2013 ACC/AHA compared to controls.References:[1]Acosta-Cázares B, Escobedo-de la Peña J. High burden of cardiovascular disease risk factors in Mexico: An epidemic of ischemic heart disease that may be on its way?. American Heart Journal. 2010;160:230-6.[2]Sánchez Rodríguez A, Moreno-Del Castillo C, Prado Anaya CA et al. ESTIMATED 10-YEAR CARDIOVASCULAR RISK WITH FRAMINGHAM RISK AND 2013 ACC/AHA IN GOUT AND HEALTHY MEXICAN SUBJECTS: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY WITH A PROPENSITY SCORE-MATCHED ANALYSIS J Clin Rheumatol: 2019;25:S1–S96.[3]Bevis M, Blagojevic-Bucknall M, Mallen C, Hider S, Roddy E. Comorbidity cluster in people with gout: an observational cohort study with linked medial record review. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018 Apr 17.[4]Andrés M, Bernal JA, Sivera F, Quilis N, Carmona L, Vela P, Pascual E. Cardiovascular risk of patients with gout seen at rheumatology clinics following a structured assessment. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76:1263-8.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

Comparing cardiovascular risk factors in older persons with mild cognitive impairment and lifetime history of major depressive disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Wael K. Karameh ◽  
Ines Kortebi ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Damien Gallagher ◽  
Angela Golas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT Objectives: To compare the prevalence of select cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) versus lifetime history of major depression disorder (MDD) and a normal comparison group using baseline data from the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Dementia with Cognitive Remediation plus Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (PACt-MD) study. Design: Baseline data from a multi-centered intervention study of older adults with MCI, history of MDD, or combined MCI and history of MDD (PACt-MD) were analyzed. Setting: Community-based multi-centered study based in Toronto across 5 academic sites. Participants: Older adults with MCI, history of MDD, or combined MCI and history of MDD and healthy controls. Measurements: We examined the baseline distribution of smoking, hypertension and diabetes in three groups of participants aged 60+ years in the PACt-MD cohort study: MCI (n = 278), MDD (n = 95), and healthy older controls (n = 81). Generalized linear models were fitted to study the effect of CVRFs on MCI and MDD as well as neuropsychological composite scores. Results: A higher odds of hypertension among the MCI cohort compared to healthy controls (p < .05) was noted in unadjusted analysis. Statistical significance level was lost on adjusting for age, sex and education (p > .05). A history of hypertension was associated with lower performance in composite executive function (p < .05) and overall composite neuropsychological test score (p < .05) among a pooled cohort with MCI or MDD. Conclusions: This study reinforces the importance of treating modifiable CVRFs, specifically hypertension, as a means of mitigating cognitive decline in patients with at-risk cognitive conditions.

1544-P: High Risk of Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) in Older Adults with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D)

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1544-P ◽  
Author(s):  
ELENA TOSCHI ◽  
CHRISTINE SLYNE ◽  
ASTRID ATAKOV-CASTILLO ◽  
KAYLA SIFRE ◽  
ALYSSA B. DUFOUR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Drug Reaction ◽  
High Risk

Health Concerns of Older Adults: Observations from a Survey and Public Education Programme in Bhubaneswar, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Shreyan Kar ◽  
Tushar Kanti Das ◽  
Prasanta Kumar Mohapatra ◽  
Brajaballav Kar ◽  
Anupama Senapati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Concerns

Background: While it is apparent that old age is associated with multiple health concerns, the extent of its multiplicity and burden is often not clear. It was intended to find out self-reported health concerns for one month and cardiovascular risk factors in middle and older adults. Methods: In the cross-sectional survey, attendees of a Healthy Ageing Conference were approached with a semi-structured questionnaire about their health concerns and cardiovascular risks. Risk of a cardiovascular event in 10 years based on QRISK3 was calculated. Results: A considerable proportion of older adults had a range of physical symptoms, depressive mood state and memory problems. Mean number of health problems reported were 4.8±3.3 (male 4.4±3.1 and female 5.0±4.3). Cardiovascular risk was high, mean QRISK3 score for males were 22.2% (±14.4), and for females 10.3% (±6.6) (p<0.05). On average, the heart age was increased by 7.9±6.2 years (8.6±6.6 years for males and 5.0±3.3 for females). The relative risk of participants was 2.1 for males and 1.5 for females for heart attack or stroke within the ten years, compared to healthy persons. The symptoms and risk factors were elicited easily, and the process probably facilitated improving the awareness about the health concerns holistically. The survey also identified issues related to the engagement of older adults in the existing health care systems. Conclusions: The results suggested that questionnaire-based health screening in a community can identify a range of health concerns and identify multi-morbidity in general and cardiovascular risks in particular. This process may help to focus on the appropriate public health awareness and intervention programmes required in the community.

scholarly journals The Benefits of Physical Activity in Individuals with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Longitudinal Investigation Using fNIRS and Dual-Task Walking

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 579
Author(s):  
Deborah Talamonti ◽  
Thomas Vincent ◽  
Sarah Fraser ◽  
Anil Nigam ◽  
Frédéric Lesage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Cortical Response

Cardiovascular fitness is linked to better executive functions, preserved gait speed, and efficient cortical activity. Older adults with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) typically show poor cognitive performance, low physical fitness, and altered brain functioning compared with healthy individuals. In the current study, the impact of regular physical activity on cognition, locomotion, and brain functions was explored in a cohort of older adults with low or high CVRFs. Cortical activation of the frontal areas was investigated using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) at baseline, at 6 months and at 12 months. Evoked cortical response and behavioral performance were assessed using the dual-task walking paradigm, consisting of three conditions: single cognitive task (2-back task), single walking task (walking), and dual-task (2-back whilst walking). Results show greater task-related cortical response at baseline in individuals with high CVRFs compared to those with low CVRFs. Moreover, participants with high CVRFs benefitted the most from participating in regular physical activity, as their cortical response decreased at the 12-month follow-up and became comparable to that of participants with low CVRFs. These changes were observed in conjunction with improved cognitive performance and stable gait speed throughout the 12-month period in both groups. Our findings provide evidence that participation in regular physical activity may be especially beneficial in individuals with CVRFs by promoting brain and cognitive health, thus potentially contributing to prevention of cognitive decline. Future research may explore whether such effects are maintained in the long-term in order to design ad-hoc interventions in this specific population.

scholarly journals Very similar cardiometabolic profile in the moderate and high cardiovascular risk classes: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Chlabicz ◽  
J Jamolkowski ◽  
W Laguna ◽  
P Sowa ◽  
M Paniczko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiometabolic Profile

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Medical University of Bialystok, Poland Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major, worldwide problem and remain the dominant cause of premature mortality in the word. Simultaneously the metabolic syndrome is a growing problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiometabolic profile among cardiovascular risk classes, and to estimate CV risk using various calculators. Methods The longitudinal, population-based study, was conducted in 2017-2020. A total of 931 individuals aged 20-79 were included. Anthropometric and biochemical profiles were measured according to a standardized protocols. The study population was divided into CV risk classes according to the latest recommendation. Comparisons variables between subgroups were conducted using Dwass-Steele-Critchlow-Fligner test. To estimate CV risk were used: the  Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation system, Framingham Risk Score and LIFEtime-perspective model for individualizing CardioVascular Disease prevention strategies in apparently healthy people (LIFE-CVD). Results The mean age was 49.1± 15.5 years, 43.2% were male. Percentages of low-risk, moderate-risk, high-risk and very-high CV risk were 46.1%, 22.8%, 13.5%, 17.6%, respectively. Most of the analyzed anthropometric, body composition and laboratory parameters did not differ between the moderate and high CV risk participants, whereas the low risk group differed significantly. In the moderate and high-risk groups, abdominal distribution of adipose tissue dominated with significantly elevated parameters of insulin resistance. Interestingly, estimating lifetime risk of myocardial infarction, stroke or CV death using LIFE-CVD calculator yielded similar results in moderate and high CV risk classes. Conclusion The participants belonging to moderate and high CV risk classes have a very similar unfavorable cardiometabolic profile which may result in the similar lifetime CV risk. This may imply the need for more aggressive pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of CV risk factors in the moderate CV risk population. It would be advisable to consider combining the moderate and high risk classes into one high CV risk class, or it may be worth adding one of the parameters of abdominal fat distribution to the CV risk calculators as an expression of increased insulin resistance. Abstract Figure 1.

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