scholarly journals Grape seed procyanidin supplementation to rats fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation increases the body fat content and modulates the inflammatory response and the adipose tissue metabolism of the male offspring in youth

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M del Bas ◽  
A Crescenti ◽  
A Arola-Arnal ◽  
G Oms-Oliu ◽  
L Arola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Adipose Tissue Metabolism ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

scholarly journals Tissue-specific expression of Sprouty1 in mice protects against high-fat diet-induced fat accumulation, bone loss and metabolic dysfunction

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 1025-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumithra Urs ◽  
Terry Henderson ◽  
Phuong Le ◽  
Clifford J. Rosen ◽  
Lucy Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Conditional Knockout ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

We recently characterised Sprouty1 (Spry1), a growth factor signalling inhibitor as a regulator of marrow progenitor cells promoting osteoblast differentiation at the expense of adipocytes. Adipose tissue-specific Spry1 expression in mice resulted in increased bone mass and reduced body fat, while conditional knockout of Spry1 had the opposite effect with decreased bone mass and increased body fat. Because Spry1 suppresses normal fat development, we tested the hypothesis that Spry1 expression prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity, bone loss and associated lipid abnormalities, and demonstrate that Spry1 has a long-term protective effect on mice fed a high-energy diet. We studied diet-induced obesity in mice with fatty acid binding promoter-driven expression or conditional knockout of Spry1 in adipocytes. Phenotyping was performed by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, microCT, histology and blood analysis. In conditional Spry1-null mice, a high-fat diet increased body fat by 40 %, impaired glucose regulation and led to liver steatosis. However, overexpression of Spry1 led to 35 % (P < 0·05) lower body fat, reduced bone loss and normal metabolic function compared with single transgenics. This protective phenotype was associated with decreased circulating insulin (70 %) and leptin (54 %; P < 0·005) compared with controls on a high-fat diet. Additionally, Spry1 expression decreased adipose tissue inflammation by 45 %. We show that conditional Spry1 expression in adipose tissue protects against high-fat diet-induced obesity and associated bone loss.

Brown adipose tissue metabolism in ob/ob mice: effects of a high-fat diet and adrenalectomy

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (2) ◽  
pp. E149-E157
Author(s):  
H. K. Kim ◽  
D. R. Romsos
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Adipose Tissue Metabolism ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Bat Mitochondria ◽  
Norepinephrine Turnover ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Thermogenic Capacity

Adrenalectomy prevents development of obesity in ob/ob mice fed high-carbohydrate stock diets partly by stimulating the low thermogenic capacity of their brown adipose tissue (BAT). Adrenalectomy, however, fails to prevent development of obesity in ob/ob mice fed a high-fat diet. Effects of adrenalectomy on BAT metabolism in ob/ob mice fed a high-fat diet were thus examined. ob/ob mice fed the high-fat diet developed gross obesity despite normal BAT metabolism, as assessed by rates of norepinephrine turnover in BAT, GDP binding to BAT mitochondria, and GDP-inhibitable, chloride-induced mitochondrial swelling. Adrenalectomy failed to arrest the development of obesity or to influence BAT metabolism in ob/ob mice fed the high-fat diet. Development of obesity in ob/ob mice fed a high-fat diet is not associated with low thermogenic capacity of BAT or with adrenal secretions, as it is in ob/ob mice fed high-carbohydrate stock diets.

scholarly journals The Role of Berberine in the Prevention of HIF-1α Activation to Alleviate Adipose Tissue Fibrosis in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meilin Hu ◽  
Fan Wu ◽  
Jinlong Luo ◽  
Jing Gong ◽  
Ke Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tissue Fibrosis

Berberine (BBR) is the main active ingredient of a traditional Chinese herb Coptis chinensis. It has been reported to exhibit beneficial effects in treating diabetes and obesity. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Adipose tissue fibrosis is a hallmark of obesity-associated adipose tissue dysfunction. HIF-1α plays a key role in adipose tissue fibrosis, which closely linked to metabolic dysfunction in obese state. We hypothesized that BBR may alleviate obesity-induced adipose tissue fibrosis and associated metabolic dysfunction through inhibition of HIF-1α. To test this hypothesis, we treated high fat diet (HFD) feeding mice with different dose of BBR (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 300 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. We found that BBR treatment greatly decreased the body weight gain and reduced insulin resistance induced by HFD. Data also revealed that BBR improved histologic fibrous of epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and was accompanied with inhibition of the abnormal synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, such as collagen and fibronectin. We also found that BBR treatment suppressed the expression of HIF-1α and decreased the mRNA expression of LOX in epididymal adipose tissue, which plays a key role in fibrosis development. Taken together, these results suggest that BBR can regulate metabolic homeostasis and suppress adipose tissue fibrosis through inhibiting the expression of HIF-1α.

scholarly journals Electroacupuncture Decreases the Leukocyte Infiltration to White Adipose Tissue and Attenuates Inflammatory Response in High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chorng-Kai Wen ◽  
Tzung-Yan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats

Suppression of white adipose tissue inflammatory signaling may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity-induced inflammatory response. However, the precise mechanism of efficacy of acupuncture related to adipose tissue remains poorly understood. In the present study we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activities of 10 Hz electroacupuncture (EA) which was applied at the acupoint Zusanli (ST36) for 20 min per day in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obesity model. Treatment lasted for one week. Obese rats treated with EA showed significantly reduced body weight compared with the rats in HFD group. EA decreased the number of F4/80 and CD11b-positive macrophages in epididymal adipose tissue. We found that 10 Hz EA given 7 days/week at ST36 acupoints significantly alleviated macrophage recruitment and then improved the obesity-associated factors of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and target genes expression in rats with HFD. Adipose tissue inflammatory responses indicated by tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and CD68 mRNA expression were significantly reduced by EA in obese rats. Additionally, EA was found to significantly reduced serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1 in this model. These results indicated that EA improved adipose tissue inflammatory response in obese rats, at least partly, via attenuation of lipogenesis signaling.

scholarly journals Regulation of the Body Fat Percentage in Developmental-Stage Rats by Methylxanthine Derivatives in a High-Fat Diet

2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1134-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko INOUE ◽  
Kazuo KOBAYASHI-HATTORI ◽  
Yumi HORIUCHI ◽  
Yuichi OISHI ◽  
Souichi ARAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Percentage

scholarly journals Loss of Selenoprotein V Predisposes Mice to Body Fat Accumulation (OR11-02-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingli Chen ◽  
Jiaqiang Huang ◽  
Yuanyuan Wu ◽  
Fazheng Ren ◽  
Xin Gen Lei
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Its Gene ◽  
Selenoprotein V

Abstract Objectives Metabolic function of selenoprotein V (SELENOV) remains unknown, although we previously showed a strong correlation of its gene expression with the high-fat diet-induced obesity in pigs. This study was conducted to explore the role and mechanism of SELENOV in body fat metabolism. Methods We applied the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-targeting deletion to generate Selenovknockout (KO) mice (C57BL/6 J background). Male KO and their wild-type (WT) (8 weeks old, n = 10 per genotype by treatment group) were fed a normal diet (NF, 10% calories coming from fat) or a high-fat diet (HF, 60% calories coming from fat) for 27 weeks. At the end, body weights and composition of mice were recorded, and tissues were collected to assay for gene expression and protein production related to lipid metabolism. Results Body weights of the KO mice fed the NF or HF diet were 16–19% higher (P < 0.05) than those of the WT mice. Total fat mass of the KO mice was 54% higher (P < 0.05) than the WT mice fed either diet, whereas total lean mass of the KO mice was 5 and 35% lower (P < 0.05) than that of WT mice fed the NF and HF diets, respectively. Gene expression of key enzymes (Fasn, Acaca, Dgat1, and Lpl) involved in lipogenesis was elevated (P < 0.05) in the white adipose tissue of the KO mice compared with the WT mice. In contrast, differences in gene expression of enzymes related to lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation (Atgl, Hsl, Ces1d, and Cpt1a) between the two genotypes were exactly the opposite (P < 0.05). Consistently, levels of proteins related to lipid accumulation (pACC, ACC, FAS, and LPL) were upregulated (P < 0.05) and proteins related to lipolysis (ATGL, HSL, and pHSL) were down-regulated (P < 0.05) in the KO mice compared with the WT mice. Conclusions Knockout of Selenov predisposed the male mice to elevated lipogenesis and attenuated lipolyis, leading to the body fat accumulation. This illustrated role and mechanism of SELENOV helps explain our previously-reported correlation between its gene expression and the high-fat diet-induced obesity in pigs. Funding Sources This research was supported in part by a NSFC grant #31,320,103,920.

scholarly journals Male mice that lack the G-protein-coupled receptor GPR41 have low energy expenditure and increased body fat content

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (10) ◽  
pp. 1755-1764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Bellahcene ◽  
Jacqueline F. O'Dowd ◽  
Ed T. Wargent ◽  
Mohamed S. Zaibi ◽  
David C. Hislop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Body Lean Mass

SCFA are produced in the gut by bacterial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates. Activation of the Gαi-protein-coupled receptor GPR41 by SCFA in β-cells and sympathetic ganglia inhibits insulin secretion and increases sympathetic outflow, respectively. A possible role in stimulating leptin secretion by adipocytes is disputed. In the present study, we investigated energy balance and glucose homoeostasis in GPR41 knockout mice fed on a standard low-fat or a high-fat diet. When fed on the low-fat diet, body fat mass was raised and glucose tolerance was impaired in male but not female knockout mice compared to wild-type mice. Soleus muscle and heart weights were reduced in the male mice, but total body lean mass was unchanged. When fed on the high-fat diet, body fat mass was raised in male but not female GPR41 knockout mice, but by no more in the males than when they were fed on the low-fat diet. Body lean mass and energy expenditure were reduced in male mice but not in female knockout mice. These results suggest that the absence of GPR41 increases body fat content in male mice. Gut-derived SCFA may raise energy expenditure and help to protect against obesity by activating GPR41.

High-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation impairs the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in the liver and white adipose tissue of mouse offspring

2016 ◽  
Vol 422 ◽  
pp. 192-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanyara Baliani Payolla ◽  
Simone Ferreira Lemes ◽  
Thaís de Fante ◽  
Andressa Reginato ◽  
Cristiano Mendes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Inflammatory Pathway ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory
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