scholarly journals Effect of diet composition on energy expenditure during weight loss: the POUNDS LOST Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
G A Bray ◽  
S R Smith ◽  
L DeJonge ◽  
R de Souza ◽  
J Rood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Diet Composition

scholarly journals Effect of Diet Composition and Weight Loss on Resting Energy Expenditure in the POUNDS LOST Study

Obesity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2384-2389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian de Jonge ◽  
George A. Bray ◽  
Steven R. Smith ◽  
Donna H. Ryan ◽  
Russell J. de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy

scholarly journals Session 3 (Joint with the British Dietetic Association): Management of obesity Weight-loss interventions in the treatment of obesity

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Hankey
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Weight Losses

Treatments to induce weight loss for the obese patient centre on the achievement of negative energy balance. This objective can theoretically be attained by interventions designed to achieve a reduction in energy intake and/or an increase in energy expenditure. Such ‘lifestyle interventions’ usually comprise one or more of the following strategies: dietary modification; behaviour change; increases in physical activity. These interventions are advocated as first treatment steps in algorithms recommended by current clinical obesity guidelines. Medication and surgical treatments are potentially available to those unable to implement ‘lifestyle interventions’ effectively by achieving losses of between 5 kg and 10 kg. It is accepted that the minimum of 5% weight loss is required to achieve clinically-meaningful benefits. Dietary treatments differ widely. Successful weight loss is most often associated with quantification of energy intake rather than macronutrient composition. Most dietary intervention studies secure a weight loss of between 5 kg and 10 kg after intervention for 6 months, with gradual weight regain at 1 year where weight changes are 3–4 kg below the starting weight. Some dietary interventions when evaluated at 2 and 4 years post intervention report the effects of weight maintenance rather than weight loss. Specific anti-obesity medications are effective adjuncts to weight loss, in most cases doubling the weight loss of those given dietary advice only. Greater physical activity alone increases energy expenditure by insufficient amounts to facilitate clinically-important weight losses, but is useful for weight maintenance. Weight losses of between half and three-quarters of excess body weight are seen at 10 years post intervention with bariatric surgery, making this arguably the most effective weight-loss treatment.

scholarly journals Oleoylethanolamide modulates glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist signaling and enhances exendin-4-mediated weight loss in obese mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (4) ◽  
pp. R595-R608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob D. Brown ◽  
Danielle McAnally ◽  
Jennifer E. Ayala ◽  
Melissa A. Burmeister ◽  
Camilo Morfa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Mtor Pathway ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Promote Weight Loss ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Long Acting

Long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor (GLP-1R) agonists (GLP-1RA), such as exendin-4 (Ex4), promote weight loss. On the basis of a newly discovered interaction between GLP-1 and oleoylethanolamide (OEA), we tested whether OEA enhances GLP-1RA-mediated anorectic signaling and weight loss. We analyzed the effect of GLP-1+OEA and Ex4+OEA on canonical GLP-1R signaling and other proteins/pathways that contribute to the hypophagic action of GLP-1RA (AMPK, Akt, mTOR, and glycolysis). We demonstrate that OEA enhances canonical GLP-1R signaling when combined with GLP-1 but not with Ex4. GLP-1 and Ex4 promote phosphorylation of mTOR pathway components, but OEA does not enhance this effect. OEA synergistically enhanced GLP-1- and Ex4-stimulated glycolysis but did not augment the hypophagic action of GLP-1 or Ex4 in lean or diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. However, the combination of Ex4+OEA promoted greater weight loss in DIO mice than Ex4 or OEA alone during a 7-day treatment. This was due in part to transient hypophagia and increased energy expenditure, phenotypes also observed in Ex4-treated DIO mice. Thus, OEA augments specific GLP-1RA-stimulated signaling but appears to work in parallel with Ex4 to promote weight loss in DIO mice. Elucidating cooperative mechanisms underlying Ex4+OEA-mediated weight loss could, therefore, be leveraged toward more effective obesity therapies.

Brown adipose tissue activation in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (6) ◽  
pp. E731-E736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Wang ◽  
Xiangzhi Meng ◽  
Chun Yang ◽  
Dongliang Fang ◽  
Xuemeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Sympathetic Denervation ◽  
Brown Adipose

Loss of body weight and fat mass is one of the nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Weight loss is due primarily to reduced energy intake and increased energy expenditure. Whereas inadequate energy intake in PD patients is caused mainly by appetite loss and impaired gastrointestinal absorption, the underlying mechanisms for increased energy expenditure remain largely unknown. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a key thermogenic tissue in humans and other mammals, plays an important role in thermoregulation and energy metabolism; however, it has not been tested whether BAT is involved in the negative energy balance in PD. Here, using the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model of PD, we found that the activity of sympathetic nerve (SN), the expression of Ucp1 in BAT, and thermogenesis were increased in PD rats. BAT sympathetic denervation blocked sympathetic activity and decreased UCP1 expression in BAT and attenuated the loss of body weight in PD rats. Interestingly, sympathetic denervation of BAT was associated with decreased sympathetic tone and lipolysis in retroperitoneal and epididymal white adipose tissue. Our data suggeste that BAT-mediated thermogenesis may contribute to weight loss in PD.

scholarly journals Effects of Diet Composition on Postprandial Energy Availability during Weight Loss Maintenance

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e58172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn O. Walsh ◽  
Cara B. Ebbeling ◽  
Janis F. Swain ◽  
Robert L. Markowitz ◽  
Henry A. Feldman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Energy Availability

scholarly journals FGF21 Acts Centrally to Induce Sympathetic Nerve Activity, Energy Expenditure, and Weight Loss

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 670-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryn M. Owen ◽  
Xunshan Ding ◽  
Donald A. Morgan ◽  
Katie Colbert Coate ◽  
Angie L. Bookout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Activity Energy
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document