scholarly journals Aortic stiffness is associated with the central retinal arteriolar equivalent and retinal vascular fractal dimension in a population along the southeastern coast of China

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 342-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Lin ◽  
Pengli Zhu ◽  
Feng Huang ◽  
Qiaowei Li ◽  
Yin Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Southeastern Coast ◽  
Retinal Arteriolar ◽  
Central Retinal Arteriolar Equivalent

scholarly journals Long-term changes in retinal vascular diameter and cognitive impairment in type 1 diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A Nunley ◽  
Andrea L Metti ◽  
Ronald Klein ◽  
Barbara E Klein ◽  
Judith A Saxton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Proliferative Retinopathy ◽  
Retinal Arteriolar ◽  
Central Retinal Arteriolar Equivalent ◽  
Central Retinal Venular Equivalent

Objective: To assess associations between cognitive impairment and longitudinal changes in retinal microvasculature, over 18 years, in adults with type 1 diabetes. Research design and methods: Participants of the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study received ≥3 fundus photographs between baseline (1986–1988) and time of cognitive assessment (2010–2015: N = 119; 52% male; mean age and type 1 diabetes duration 43 and 34 years, respectively). Central retinal arteriolar equivalent and central retinal venular equivalent were estimated via computer-based methods; overall magnitude and speed of narrowing were quantified as cumulative average and slope, respectively. Median regression models estimated associations of central retinal arteriolar equivalent and central retinal venular equivalent measures with cognitive impairment status, adjusted for type 1 diabetes duration. Interactions with HbA1c, proliferative retinopathy and white matter hyperintensities were assessed. Results: Compared with participants without cognitive impairment, those with clinically relevant cognitive impairment experienced 1.8% greater and 31.1% faster central retinal arteriolar equivalent narrowing during prior years (t = −2.93, p = 0.004 and t = −3.97, p < 0.0001, respectively). Interactions with HbA1c, proliferative retinopathy and white matter hyperintensities were not significant. No associations were found between central retinal arteriolar equivalent at baseline, at time of cognitive testing, or any central retinal venular equivalent measures, and cognitive impairment. Conclusion: Long-term arterial retinal changes could indicate type 1 diabetes–related cognitive impairment. Studies examining longitudinal central retinal arteriolar equivalent changes as early biomarkers of cognitive impairment risk are warranted.

scholarly journals Ambulatory Aortic Stiffness Is Associated With Narrow Retinal Arteriolar Caliber in Hypertensives: The SAFAR Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 626-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evaggelia K. Aissopou ◽  
Antoniοs A. Argyris ◽  
Efthimia G. Nasothimiou ◽  
George D. Konstantonis ◽  
Kostas Tampakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Retinal Arteriolar

scholarly journals Retinal microvasculature and time to pregnancy in a multi-ethnic pre-conception cohort in Singapore

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Huang ◽  
See Ling Loy ◽  
Wei-Qing Chen ◽  
Johan G Eriksson ◽  
Yap Seng Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Medical Research Council ◽  
Time To Pregnancy ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Branching Angle ◽  
Retinal Arteriolar

Abstract STUDY QUESTION Can abnormalities in retinal microvasculature representing adverse microcirculatory perfusion and inflammation shed light on the pathophysiology of female fecundability? SUMMARY ANSWER In our prospective study, abnormalities in retinal vascular geometric morphology (i.e. sparser arteriolar fractal and larger venular bifurcation) during pre-conception phase are temporarily associated with a prolonged time-to-pregnancy (TTP). WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Suboptimal retinal microcirculatory morphology has been associated with obesity, psychological stress and hypertension, all of which are known risk factors for reduced female fecundability. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A total of 652 women of Chinese, Malay or Indian ethnicity 18–45 years of age and planning to conceive spontaneously within the next 12 months were recruited during the pre-conception period into the Singapore PREconception Study of long-Term maternal and child Outcomes (S-PRESTO), from February 2015 to October 2017. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS During recruitment, we collected information on socio-demographic factors, menstrual characteristics and lifestyle behaviors and made anthropometric measurements. We assessed the following retinal microvascular features: caliber, branching angle and fractal dimension. We conducted follow-up telephone surveys to track each participant’s pregnancy status at 6, 9 and 12 months after enrolment. We ascertained clinical pregnancies via ultrasonography, with TTP measured by the number of menstrual cycles required to achieve a clinical pregnancy over a 1-year follow-up. Then, we performed discrete-time proportional hazards models to estimate the fecundability odds ratio (FOR) and 95% CI for each retinal microvascular feature in association with TTP, after adjusting for major confounders, including body mass index and fasting glycemic level at study entry. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF THE CHANCE Among 652 recruited women, 276 (42.3%) successfully conceived within 1 year of follow-up. The mean (and SD) was 1.24 (0.05) Df for retinal arteriolar dimension fraction and 78.45 (9.79) degrees for retinal venular branching angle, respectively. Non-linear relationship testing was performed before multiple adjustment in all associations and a non-monotonic association was detected between retinal venular branching angle and TTP. Compared with women in the highest tertile of retinal arteriolar fractal dimension, women in the second tertile had a prolonged TTP (FOR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.51–0.92), as did women in the lowest tertile (FOR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.55–0.98). Compared with women in the middle tertile of retinal venular branching angle, women in the highest tertile had a borderline prolonged TTP (FOR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.56–1.02). No other retinal vascular features were significantly associated with TTP. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION We were unable to adjust for other potential confounding factors such as female sexual function (e.g. frequency of sexual intercourse), which might introduce a residual bias. Moreover, even though this is a prospective cohort design, our findings can identify the temporal relationship but not necessarily infer a causal relationship between maternal microvasculature and TTP. Lastly, our study involving mainly Chinese, Malay and Indian ethnicities might not be generalizable to other races or ethnicities. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Suboptimal microcirculation may lead to reduced female fecundability. In the future, in addition to conventional ultrasonographic evaluation of ovarian and uterine physiological function, assessing the retinal microvasculature might be useful for assessment of ovarian age, fertility prediction and endometrial evaluation before assisted reproductive techniques for fertility treatments. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This research is supported by the Singapore National Research Foundation (NRF) under its Translational and Clinical Research (TCR) Flagship Programme and administered by the Singapore Ministry of Health’s National Medical Research Council (NMRC) (Singapore-NMRC/TCR/004-NUS/2008; NMRC/TCR/012-NUHS/2014) and Singapore National Medical Research Council Transition Award (NMRC TA/0027/2014). The authors have no competing interests to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03531658.

scholarly journals Retinal vascular caliber changes after laser photocoagulation in diabetic retinopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-71
Author(s):  
Habibah Setyawati Muhiddin ◽  
Idayani Panggalo ◽  
Andi Muhammad Ichsan ◽  
Budu ◽  
Emanuele Trucco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Laser Photocoagulation ◽  
Retinal Vessels ◽  
Retinal Vascular Caliber ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vascular Dilatation ◽  
Retinal Arteriolar ◽  
Central Retinal Arteriolar Equivalent ◽  
Central Retinal Venular Equivalent

BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy causes vascular dilatation caused by hypoxia, whereas oxygen tension improvement leads to retinal vessels narrowing. Given that laser photocoagulation aims to increase the oxygen tension in the retina, we hypothesized that the narrowing of vessel caliber after the treatment could be possibly demonstrated. This study aimed to assess the changes in the caliber of retinal vessels before and after laser photocoagulation in diabetic retinopathy. METHODS This research was a prospective cohort study on the treatment of diabetic retinopathy by laser photocoagulation, and it was conducted at Universitas Hasanuddin Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia between November 2017–April 2018. Retinal vascular caliber changes were analyzed before and 6–8 weeks after photocoagulation in 30 diabetic eyes. Central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) were measured using the vessel assessment and measurement platform software for images of the retina (VAMPIRE) manual annotation tool. RESULTS A significant decrease of CRVE was observed after laser photocoagulation (p<0.001), but CRAE was not reduced significantly (p = 0.067). No difference was recorded between CRVE and CRAE post-laser photocoagulation (p = 0.14), implying a reduction in vein caliber toward normal in the treated eyes. CONCLUSIONS Laser photocoagulation decreases the CRVE in diabetic retinopathy despite the absence of changes in the grade of diabetic retinopathy.

scholarly journals The effect of pre-eclampsia on retinal microvascular caliber at delivery and post-partum

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Soma-Pillay ◽  
R Pillay ◽  
TY Wong ◽  
JD Makin ◽  
RC Pattinson
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Microvascular Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Retinal Microcirculation ◽  
One Year ◽  
Retinal Arteriolar ◽  
Central Retinal Arteriolar Equivalent ◽  
Central Retinal Venular Equivalent

Background The retinal microcirculation provides a unique view of microvessel structure by means of non-invasive, retinal image analysis. The aim of the study was to compare the retinal vessel caliber at delivery and one-year post-partum between women who have had pre-eclampsia during pregnancy to a normotensive control group. Methods Digital photos of the eye were taken at delivery and one-year post-partum. Retinal vessels were analysed and summarised as the corrected central retinal arteriolar equivalent and corrected central retinal venular equivalent. Results The corrected central retinal arteriolar equivalent and corrected central retinal venular equivalent were significantly lower in the pre-eclamptic group compared to the control group both at delivery and one-year post-partum ( p < 0.001). Conclusion Retinal artery and venular caliber changes that occur during pregnancies affected by pre-eclampsia persist for up to one-year post-partum. These changes may reflect a permanent, long-term microvascular dysfunction and may be useful as a biomarker of future vascular risk.

scholarly journals Retinal arteriolar calibre and venular fractal dimension predict progression of proliferative diabetic retinopathy 6 months after panretinal photocoagulation: a prospective, clinical interventional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000661
Author(s):  
Thomas Lee Torp ◽  
Ryo Kawasaki ◽  
Tien Yin Wong ◽  
Tunde Peto ◽  
Jakob Grauslund
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Panretinal Photocoagulation ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Retinal Arteriolar

ObjectiveWe examined the hypothesis that baseline retinal vascular geometry in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) predicts disease activity 6 months after panretinal photocoagulation (PRP).Methods and analysisWe included 47 eyes from 40 patients with treatment-naïve PDR in a 6-month prospective study. Diagnosis of PDR and disease activity was evaluated by wide-field fluorescein angiography (Optomap, Optos, Dunfermline, Scotland, UK). At baseline and 6-month follow-up, the retinal vessel geometry was measured on optic disc centred images using semiautomated software Vessel Assessment and Measurement Platform for Images of the Retina (VAMPIRE, Dundee, Scotland).ResultsAt baseline, mean age and duration of diabetes was 51.6 and 21.4 years, and 62.5% were men. Seventeen eyes (36.2%) had progression of PDR during follow-up. At baseline, we found higher retinal arteriolar calibre (31.3±0.8 vs 28.8±0.8 pixels, p=0.02) and venous fractal dimension (FD) (1.257±0.011 vs 1.222±0.011, p=0.02) in eyes with progression of PDR as compared with eyes with non-progression. In a multiple logistic regression model, both higher retinal arteriolar calibre (OR 1.34, 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.64, p<0.01) and venular FD (OR 1.15, 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.27, p<0.01) predicted progression of PDR. Venular calibre was seen to increase from baseline to month six regardless of disease progression (non-progression 45.0±0.7 vs 52.7±1.8 pixels, p<0.01; progression 46.2±0.8 vs 51.0±1.7 pixels, p<0.01).ConclusionOur prospective study showed that arteriolar calibre and venular FD at baseline were predictive of disease activity 6 months after PRP treatment in patients with treatment-naïve PDR.

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