scholarly journals Molecular population genetics of the OBP83 genomic region in Drosophila subobscura and D. guanche: contrasting the effects of natural selection and gene arrangement expansion in the patterns of nucleotide variation

Heredity ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sánchez-Gracia ◽  
J Rozas
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Drosophila Subobscura ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Nucleotide Variation ◽  
Molecular Population Genetics

scholarly journals A Tutorial of the Poisson Random Field Model in Population Genetics

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Sethupathy ◽  
Sridhar Hannenhalli
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Random Field ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Evolutionary Forces ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Frequency Changes

Population genetics is the study of allele frequency changes driven by various evolutionary forces such as mutation, natural selection, and random genetic drift. Although natural selection is widely recognized as a bona-fide phenomenon, the extent to which it drives evolution continues to remain unclear and controversial. Various qualitative techniques, or so-called “tests of neutrality”, have been introduced to detect signatures of natural selection. A decade and a half ago, Stanley Sawyer and Daniel Hartl provided a mathematical framework, referred to as the Poisson random field (PRF), with which to determine quantitatively the intensity of selection on a particular gene or genomic region. The recent availability of large-scale genetic polymorphism data has sparked widespread interest in genome-wide investigations of natural selection. To that end, the original PRF model is of particular interest for geneticists and evolutionary genomicists. In this article, we will provide a tutorial of the mathematical derivation of the original Sawyer and Hartl PRF model.

GENETIC COADAPTATION IN THE CHROMOSOMAL POLYMORPHISM OF DROSOPHILA SUBOBSCURA. I. SEASONAL CHANGES OF GAMETIC DISEQUILIBRIUM IN A NATURAL POPULATION

Genetics ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 935-955
Author(s):  
A Fontdevila ◽  
C Zapata ◽  
G Alvarez ◽  
L Sanchez ◽  
J Méndez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Gene Order ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Drosophila Subobscura ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Gametic Disequilibrium ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Data Points

ABSTRACT Seasonal changes in gene arrangement and allozyme frequencies have been investigated in Drosophila subobscura for several years. Some arrangements (Ost and O  3+4+7) show seasonal variation, which suggests that chromosomal polymorphism is flexible in this species. Seasonal changes in allozyme frequencies for Lap and Pept-1 loci, both located within the same inversions of chromosome O, are significant only inside the Ost arrangement, but not inside O  3+4 arrangement. This arrangement-dependent response of allozyme generates variation in arrangement-allozyme disequilibrium. The historical hypothesis on the maintenance of disequilibria cannot explain these seasonal changes, and some kind of natural selection must be invoked. Association between Lap and Pept-1 is also seasonal inside Ost but not inside O  3+4. We propose that Ost probably consists of a finite array of supergenes that are differentially favored in each season by natural selection. The present evidence on this supergene selection and other genetic, biogeographic and phylogenetic data points to O  3+4 as the most primitive gene order among the present arrangements

scholarly journals Molecular population genetics of the Polycomb genes in Drosophila subobscura

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. e0185005
Author(s):  
Juan M. Calvo-Martín ◽  
Montserrat Papaceit ◽  
Carmen Segarra
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Drosophila Subobscura ◽  
Molecular Population Genetics

scholarly journals Molecular Population Genetics of the rp49 Gene Region in Different Chromosomal Inversions of Drosophila subobscura

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Rozas ◽  
Carmen Segarra ◽  
Griselda Ribó ◽  
Montserrat Aguadé
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Subobscura ◽  
Gene Region ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Nucleotide Variation ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Chromosomal Inversions ◽  
Molecular Population Genetics ◽  
Expansion Model ◽  
Time Of Origin ◽  
Rp49 Gene

Abstract Nucleotide variation at the ribosomal protein 49 (rp49) gene region has been studied in 75 lines of Drosophila subobscura belonging to four chromosomal arrangements (Ost, O3+4, O3+4+8, and O3+4+23). The location of the rp49 gene region within the inversion loop differs among heterokaryotypes: it is very close to one of the breakpoints in heterozygotes involving Ost chromosomes, while it is in a more central position in all other heterokaryotypes. The distribution of nucleotide polymorphism in the different arrangements is consistent with a monophyletic origin of the inversions. The data also provide evidence that gene conversion and possibly double crossover are involved in shuffling nucleotide variation among gene arrangements. The analyses reveal that the level of genetic exchange is higher when the region is located in a more central position of the inverted fragment than when it is close to the breakpoints. The pairwise difference distributions as well as the negative values of Tajima's and Fu and Li's statistics further support the hypothesis that nucleotide variation within chromosomal arrangements still reflects expansion after the origin of the inversions. Under the expansion model, we have estimated the time of origin of the studied inversions.

A Primer of Population Genetics and Genomics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Hartl
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Gene Drive ◽  
Molecular Population Genetics ◽  
Genetics And Genomics ◽  
And Mathematics

A Primer of Population Genetics and Genomics, 4th edition, has been completely revised and updated to provide a concise but comprehensive introduction to the basic concepts of population genetics and genomics. Recent textbooks have tended to focus on such specialized topics as the coalescent, molecular evolution, human population genetics, or genomics. This primer bucks that trend by encouraging a broader familiarity with, and understanding of, population genetics and genomics as a whole. The overview ranges from mating systems through the causes of evolution, molecular population genetics, and the genomics of complex traits. Interwoven are discussions of ancient DNA, gene drive, landscape genetics, identifying risk factors for complex diseases, the genomics of adaptation and speciation, and other active areas of research. The principles are illuminated by numerous examples from a wide variety of animals, plants, microbes, and human populations. The approach also emphasizes learning by doing, which in this case means solving numerical or conceptual problems. The rationale behind this is that the use of concepts in problem-solving lead to deeper understanding and longer knowledge retention. This accessible, introductory textbook is aimed principally at students of various levels and abilities (from senior undergraduate to postgraduate) as well as practising scientists in the fields of population genetics, ecology, evolutionary biology, computational biology, bioinformatics, biostatistics, physics, and mathematics.

scholarly journals Molecular Population Genetics and Evolution of the Chagas’ Disease Vector Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 316-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz García ◽  
Alicia R. Pérez Rosas ◽  
María Blariza ◽  
Carla Grosso ◽  
Cintia Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Triatoma Infestans ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Molecular Population Genetics
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