scholarly journals Avian influenza A(H7N9) virus and mixed live poultry–animal markets in Guangdong province: a perfect storm in the making?

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Zhou ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
Alexander Lai ◽  
Gregory C Gray ◽  
Shuo Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
H7n9 Virus ◽  
Live Poultry ◽  
Perfect Storm

Novel reassortment of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus with subtype H6N6 and H5N6 viruses circulating in Guangdong Province, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Jin ◽  
Hongguang Ren ◽  
Yue Teng ◽  
Mingda Hu ◽  
Xiaochuan Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
H7n9 Virus

scholarly journals Emergence of human avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infections in Wenshan City in Southwest China, 2017

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jiang ◽  
Xiaonan Zhao ◽  
Wen Xu ◽  
Xuehua Zhou ◽  
Chunrui Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
H7n9 Virus ◽  
Genetic Sequencing ◽  
Live Poultry ◽  
Virus Spreading ◽  
Live Poultry Markets

Abstract Background: The emergence of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus was reported in Wenshan City, southwestern China in 2017. The study describes the epidemiological and virological features of the outbreak and discusses the origin of the infection. Methods: Poultry exposure and timelines of key events for each patient were collected. Samples derived from the patients, their close contacts, and environments were tested for influenza A(H7N9) virus by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Genetic sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were also conducted. Results: Five patients were reported in the outbreak. An epidemiological investigation showed that all patients had been exposed at live poultry markets. Virus isolates from these patients had low pathogenicity in avian species. Both epidemiological investigations of chicken sources and phylogenetic analysis of viral gene sequences indicated that the source of infection was from Guangxi Province. Conclusions: The transmission route spanned a long geographical region, with virus spreading from east to west. Chickens were an important carrier in the H7N9 virus spreading from Guangxi to Wenshan. Hygienic management of live poultry markets and virological screening of chickens transported across regions should be reinforced to limit the spread of H7N9 virus.

scholarly journals Family Clusters of Avian Influenza A H7N9 Virus Infection in Guangdong Province, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Yi ◽  
Dawei Guan ◽  
Min Kang ◽  
Jie Wu ◽  
Xianqiao Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
H7n9 Virus ◽  
Transmission Potential ◽  
H7n9 Infection ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Virus Isolates ◽  
Sequence Similarities

Since its first identification, the epizootic avian influenza A H7N9 virus has continued to cause infections in China. Two waves were observed during this outbreak. No cases were reported from Guangdong Province during the first wave, but this province became one of the prime outbreak sites during the second wave. In order to identify the transmission potential of this continuously evolving infectious virus, our research group monitored all clusters of H7N9 infections during the second wave of the epidemic in Guangdong Province. Epidemiological, clinical, and virological data on these patients were collected and analyzed. Three family clusters including six cases of H7N9 infection were recorded. The virus caused severe disease in two adult patients but only mild symptoms for all four pediatric patients. All patients reported direct poultry or poultry market exposure history. Relevant environment samples collected according to their reported exposures tested H7N9 positive. Virus isolates from patients in the same cluster shared high sequence similarities. In conclusion, although continually evolving, the currently circulating H7N9 viruses in Guangdong Province have not yet demonstrated the capacity for efficient and sustained person-to-person transmission.

Person-to-Person Transmission of Avian Influenza A (H7N9) Among Family Members in Eastern China, 2016

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Chao Shi ◽  
Ping Shi ◽  
Xu Yang ◽  
Jing Bao ◽  
Yanhua Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Index Patient ◽  
H7n9 Virus ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Live Poultry

ABSTRACT Objective: Human infections with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus are associated with exposure to poultry and live poultry markets, but the evidence of person-to-person transmission remains limited. This study reports a suspected person-to-person transmission of H7N9 virus, and explores what factors influenced this transmission. Methods: We interviewed 2 patients with H7N9 infection and their family members as well as health-care workers. Samples from the patients and environments were tested by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results: The index patient became ill 5 to 6 days after his last exposure to the poultry bought in the market of Weimiao town. The second patient, the sister of the index patient, who had sustained intensive and unprotected close contact with the index patient, had no exposure to poultry. This study documents that the H7N9 virus was transmitted directly from the index patient to his sister. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that person-to-person transmission may be associated with sustained close contact with the patient during his onset of early stage, when the H7N9 viral shedding increases sharply.

Epidemiology of human infections with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in the two waves before and after October 2013 in Zhejiang province, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (9) ◽  
pp. 1839-1845 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Y. WANG ◽  
C. L. CHAI ◽  
F. D. LI ◽  
F. HE ◽  
Z. YU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
H7n9 Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Live Poultry ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Live Poultry Markets

SUMMARYWe compared the epidemiological and clinical features of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infections in the population in Zhejiang province, China, between March and April 2013 (first wave) and October 2013 and February 2014 (second wave). No statistical difference was found for age, sex, occupation, presence of underlying conditions, exposure history, white blood cell count, lymphocyte percentage and illness timeline and duration (all P > 0·05). The virus spread to 30 new counties compared to the first wave. The case-fatality rate was 22% in the first wave and 42% in the second (P = 0·023). Of those infected, 66% in the first wave and 62% in the second wave had underlying conditions. The proportion of those exposed to live poultry markets were 80% and 66%, respectively. We recommend permanent closure of live poultry markets and reformation of poultry supply and sales.

scholarly journals Effect of Live Poultry Market Closure on Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus Activity in Guangzhou, China, 2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1784-1793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yuan ◽  
Eric H.Y. Lau ◽  
Kuibiao Li ◽  
Y.H. Connie Leung ◽  
Zhicong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H7n9 Virus ◽  
Virus Activity ◽  
Live Poultry

scholarly journals Detection of Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus from Live Poultry Markets in Guangzhou, China: A Surveillance Report

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e107266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongqiu Chen ◽  
Kuibiao Li ◽  
Lei Luo ◽  
Enjie Lu ◽  
Jun Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H7n9 Virus ◽  
Surveillance Report ◽  
Live Poultry ◽  
Live Poultry Markets

scholarly journals Emergence of human avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infections in Wenshan City in Southwest China, 2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jiang ◽  
Xiaonan Zhao ◽  
Wen Xu ◽  
Xuehua Zhou ◽  
Chunrui Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
H7n9 Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Genetic Sequencing ◽  
Live Poultry ◽  
Live Poultry Markets

Abstract Background: The emergence of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus was reported in Wenshan City, southwestern China in 2017. The study describes the epidemiological and virological features of the outbreak and discusses the origin of the infection. Methods: Poultry exposure and timelines of key events for each patient were collected. Samples derived from the patients, their close contacts, and environments were tested for influenza A(H7N9) virus by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Genetic sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were also conducted. Results: Five patients were reported in the outbreak. An epidemiological investigation showed that all patients had been exposed at live poultry markets. The A(H7N9) isolates from these patients had low pathogenicity in avian species. Both epidemiological investigations of chicken sources and phylogenetic analysis of viral gene sequences indicated that the source of infection was from Guangxi Province, which lies 100 km to the east of Wenshan City. Conclusions: In the study, a sudden emergence of human cases of H7N9 was documented in urban area of Wenshan City. Chickens were an important carrier in the H7N9 virus spreading from Guangxi to Wenshan. Hygienic management of live poultry markets and virological screening of chickens transported across regions should be reinforced to limit the spread of H7N9 virus.

AVIAN INFLUENZA A H7N9 VIRUS HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED IN CHINA

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 605-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
XINAN ZHANG ◽  
LAN ZOU ◽  
JING CHEN ◽  
YILE FANG ◽  
JICAI HUANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
H7n9 Virus ◽  
Domestic Birds ◽  
The Future ◽  
Live Poultry

In March 2013, a novel avian-origin influenza A H7N9 virus was identified among human patients in China and a total of 124 human cases with 24 related deaths were confirmed by May 2013. From November 2013 to July 2017, H7N9 broke out four more times in China. A deterministic model is proposed to study the transmission dynamics of the avian influenza A H7N9 virus between wild and domestic birds and from birds to humans, and is applied to simulate the open data on numbers of the infected human cases and related deaths reported from March to May 2013 and from November 2013 to June 2014 by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The basic reproduction number [Formula: see text] is estimated and sensitivity analysis of [Formula: see text] in terms of model parameters is performed. Taking into account the fact that it broke out again from November 2014 to June 2015, from November 2015 to July 2016, and from October 2016 to July 2017, we believe that H7N9 virus has been well established in birds and will likely cause regular outbreaks in humans again in the future. Control measures for the future spread of H7N9 include (i) reducing the transmission opportunities between wild birds and domestic birds, (ii) closing or monitoring the retail live-poultry markets in the infected areas, and (iii) culling the infected domestic birds in the epidemic regions.

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