scholarly journals Receptor binding and transmission studies of H5N1 influenza virus in mammals

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanjun Zhao ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Shibo Jiang ◽  
Bo-Jian Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
H5n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
H5n1 Influenza ◽  
Transmission Studies

scholarly journals Neuraminidase Inhibitor Sensitivity and Receptor-Binding Specificity of Cambodian Clade 1 Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Influenza Virus

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 2004-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Naughtin ◽  
J. C. Dyason ◽  
S. Mardy ◽  
S. Sorn ◽  
M. von Itzstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Binding Specificity ◽  
Neuraminidase Inhibitor ◽  
H5n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
H5n1 Influenza ◽  
Receptor Binding Specificity ◽  
Pathogenic H5n1

ABSTRACTThe evolution of the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus produces genetic variations that can lead to changes in antiviral susceptibility and in receptor-binding specificity. In countries where the highly pathogenic H5N1 virus is endemic or causes regular epidemics, the surveillance of these changes is important for assessing the pandemic risk. In Cambodia between 2004 and 2010, there have been 26 outbreaks of highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry and 10 reported human cases, 8 of which were fatal. We have observed naturally occurring mutations in hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) of Cambodian H5N1 viruses that were predicted to alter sensitivity to neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) and/or receptor-binding specificity. We tested H5N1 viruses isolated from poultry and humans between 2004 and 2010 for sensitivity to the NAIs oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza). All viruses were sensitive to both inhibitors; however, we identified a virus with a mildly decreased sensitivity to zanamivir and have predicted that a V149A mutation is responsible. We also identified a virus with a hemagglutinin A134V mutation, present in a subpopulation amplified directly from a human sample. Using reverse genetics, we verified that this mutation is adaptative for human α2,6-linked sialidase receptors. The importance of an ongoing surveillance of H5N1 antigenic variance and genetic drift that may alter receptor binding and sensitivities of H5N1 viruses to NAIs cannot be underestimated while avian influenza remains a pandemic threat.

scholarly journals Acquisition of Human-Type Receptor Binding Specificity by New H5N1 Influenza Virus Sublineages during Their Emergence in Birds in Egypt

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. e1002068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Watanabe ◽  
Madiha S. Ibrahim ◽  
Hany F. Ellakany ◽  
Norihito Kawashita ◽  
Rika Mizuike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Binding Specificity ◽  
H5n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Human Type ◽  
H5n1 Influenza ◽  
Receptor Binding Specificity ◽  
Type Receptor

scholarly journals Changes in H5N1 influenza virus hemagglutinin receptor binding domain affect systemic spread

2008 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 286-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-L. Yen ◽  
J. R. Aldridge ◽  
A. C. M. Boon ◽  
N. A. Ilyushina ◽  
R. Salomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Binding Domain ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
H5n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
H5n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin ◽  
Systemic Spread

scholarly journals The Pause on Avian H5N1 Influenza Virus Transmission Research Should Be Ended

mBio ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron A. M. Fouchier ◽  
Adolfo García-Sastre ◽  
Yoshihiro Kawaoka
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
H5n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Important Work ◽  
H5n1 Influenza ◽  
Transmission Studies ◽  
Avian H5n1 Influenza Virus

ABSTRACT A voluntary 60-day pause on avian H5N1 influenza virus transmission research was announced in January 2012 by the international community of influenza scientists engaged in this work to provide time to explain the benefits of such work and the risk mitigation measures in place. Subsequently, the pause was extended to allow for time for review of the biosafety and biosecurity conditions. After almost 8 months, these conditions have been met in some countries and are close to being met in others. Because H5N1 virus transmission studies are essential for pandemic preparedness, researchers who have approval from their governments and institutions to conduct this research safely under appropriate biosecurity conditions should resume this important work.

Prophylactic effects of chitin microparticles on highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus

2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 811-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Ichinohe ◽  
Noriyo Nagata ◽  
Peter Strong ◽  
Shin-ichi Tamura ◽  
Hidehiro Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
H5n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
H5n1 Influenza ◽  
Pathogenic H5n1
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