scholarly journals Ethnic admixture affects diabetes risk in native Hawaiians: the Multiethnic Cohort

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1022-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Maskarinec ◽  
Y Morimoto ◽  
S Jacobs ◽  
A Grandinetti ◽  
M K Mau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort ◽  
Ethnic Admixture

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Among Native Hawaiians, Japanese Americans, and Caucasians: The Multiethnic Cohort

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 634-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Steinbrecher ◽  
Eva Erber ◽  
Andrew Grandinetti ◽  
Claudio Nigg ◽  
Laurence N. Kolonel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort

Background:Physical inactivity is an established risk factor for diabetes; however, little is known about this association across ethnic groups with different diabetes risk. Therefore, we evaluated the association between physical activity and diabetes and potential effect modification by ethnicity in the Hawaii component of the Multiethnic Cohort.Methods:Participants, aged 45 to 75 years, were enrolled by completing a questionnaire on demographics, diet, and self-reported weekly hours of strenuous sports, vigorous work, and moderate activity. Among the 74,913 participants (39% Caucasian, 14% Native Hawaiian, 47% Japanese American), 8561 incident diabetes cases were identified by self-report, a medication questionnaire, and through health plan linkages. Cox regression was applied to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) while adjusting for known confounders.Results:Engaging in strenuous sports was inversely related to diabetes risk with HRs (4+ hours/week vs. never) of 0.67 (95%CI: 0.57–0.79) in women and 0.80 (95%CI: 0.72–0.88) in men. In stratified analyses, the inverse association was consistent across ethnic groups. The inverse association of vigorous work with diabetes was limited to men, while beneficial effects of moderate activity were observed only in Caucasians.Conclusions:These findings support a role of high-intensity physical activity and ethnic-specific guidelines in diabetes prevention.

scholarly journals Racial/Ethnic Differences in Lung Cancer Incidence in the Multiethnic Cohort Study: An Update

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (8) ◽  
pp. 811-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel O Stram ◽  
S Lani Park ◽  
Christopher A Haiman ◽  
Sharon E Murphy ◽  
Yesha Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Urinary Biomarker ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort

Abstract Background We previously found that African Americans and Native Hawaiians were at highest lung cancer risk compared with Japanese Americans and Latinos; whites were midway in risk. These differences were more evident at relatively low levels of smoking intensity, fewer than 20 cigarettes per day (CPD), than at higher intensity. Methods We apportioned lung cancer risk into three parts: age-specific background risk (among never smokers), an excess relative risk term for cumulative smoking, and modifiers of the smoking effect: race and years-quit smoking. We also explored the effect of replacing self-reports of CPD with a urinary biomarker—total nicotine equivalents—using data from a urinary biomarker substudy. Results Total lung cancers increased from 1979 to 4993 compared to earlier analysis. Estimated excess relative risks for lung cancer due to smoking for 50 years at 10 CPD (25 pack-years) ranged from 21.9 (95% CI = 18.0 to 25.8) for Native Hawaiians to 8.0 (95% CI = 6.6 to 9.4) for Latinos over the five groups. The risk from smoking was higher for squamous cell carcinomas and small cell cancers than for adenocarcinomas. Racial differences consistent with earlier patterns were seen for overall cancer and for cancer subtypes. Adjusting for predicted total nicotine equivalents, Japanese Americans no longer exhibit a lower risk, and African Americans are no longer at higher risk, compared to whites. Striking risk differences between Native Hawaiians and Latinos persist. Conclusions Racial differences in lung cancer risk persist in the Multiethnic Cohort study that are not easily explained by variations in self-reported or urinary biomarker-measured smoking intensities.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATING THE INVERSE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SMOKING AND PARKINSON’S: EVIDENCE FROM A MULTIETHNIC COHORT

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S884-S884
Author(s):  
Fadi Youkhana ◽  
Yanyan Wu ◽  
Catherine M Pirkle ◽  
Eric Hurwitz ◽  
Andrew Grandinetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
The United States ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort ◽  
Smoking Behaviors

Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the United States with more than 50,000 new cases annually. Studies have reported an inverse relationship between smoking status and the risk for PD. Current smoking status, the number of pack-years smoked, and the lifetime duration of smoking have all been shown to have a lower risk for PD compared to non-smokers. However, studies exploring smoking behaviors in a multiethnic cohort with an ample sample size of PD cases to analyze smoking differences between men and women are rare. Using the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC), our study included 680 self-reported cases of PD from total sample of 98,191 Blacks, Latinos, Japanese, Native Hawaiians, and Whites from Hawaii and Los Angeles surveyed in 2003-2007. Stratified by sex, we conducted a cross-sectional logistic regression analysis to examine the odds of developing PD by various smoking indicators. Overall, current smokers had the lowest risk for PD (OR=0.46, 95%CI 0.27-0.76) compared to non-smokers. The odds of developing PD gradually decreased as the number of years of smoking increased with participants that smoked for 50 years or more having the lowest odds of developing PD (OR= 0.41, 95%CI 0.22-0.78) compared to non-smokers. Using a multiethnic cohort, our analyses further supported the inverse association between PD and smoking status, as well as the number of years of smoking. Future studies are necessary to investigate the possible genetic modulation on the relationship between tobacco and PD.

scholarly journals THE ETHNIC-SPECIFIC EFFECTS OF BEHAVIORS ON INCIDENT GOUT WITHIN A LARGE MULTIETHNIC COHORT OF OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S859-S859
Author(s):  
Mika D Thompson ◽  
Catherine M Pirkle ◽  
Yanyan Wu ◽  
Fadi Youkhana ◽  
Robert V Cooney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Multiethnic Population ◽  
Black Populations

Abstract Gout, a common rheumatic disease in older adults, disproportionately affects Pacific Islander and Black populations, relative to Whites; however, the ethnic-specific incidence and determinants remain severely understudied within these groups. We examined gout incidence and the effects of behavioral factors, including diet, physical activity, and smoking, on incident gout within a large multiethnic population of older adults from the Multiethnic Cohort Study linked to approximately 20 years of Medicare gout claims. Using samples of Black (N=15,660), Native Hawaiian (N=7,600), Japanese (N=32,923), Latino (N=21,793), and White (N=29,129) participants, we conducted multiple Cox regressions, producing hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Native Hawaiians had the highest incidence of gout (9.97 per 1,000 person-years), followed successively by Black, Japanese, White, and Latino participants. 3+ alcoholic drinks/day was associated with an increased risk, especially among Blacks (HR:1.55, 95%CI:1.23,1.94). Current smoking was associated with increased risk among Blacks (HR:1.28, 95%CI:1.10,1.49) and Japanese (HR:1.17, 95%CI:1.03,1.32). Better dietary quality tertiles were associated with a decreased gout risk for most ethnic groups, with the largest effect observed among Whites (HR[Q1vsQ3]:0.70, 95%CI:0.63,0.78), while vitamin C was weakly associated with a decreased risk of gout only among Native Hawaiians (HR:0.85, 95%CI:0.75,0.98) and Japanese (HR:0.91, 95%CI:0.85,0.98). Overall, notable ethnic differences were observed in both gout incidence and effects of modifiable behaviors. As the first study to examine the incidence and longitudinal determinants of gout utilizing several large samples of underrepresented ethnic groups, our findings offer crucial insights that may improve precision in preventing and treating gout.

scholarly journals The Dietary Inflammatory Index and All-Cause, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer Mortality in the Multiethnic Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song-Yi Park ◽  
Minji Kang ◽  
Lynne Wilkens ◽  
Yurii Shvetsov ◽  
Brook Harmon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Diet quality based on inflammatory potential, assessed by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), has been related to mortality, but studies from racially/ethnically diverse populations are scarce. Using data from the Multiethnic Cohort Study in Hawaii and California, we investigated the association of the DII with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality, both overall and by race/ethnicity. The analysis included 150,405 African Americans, Native Hawaiians, Japanese Americans, Latinos, and Whites aged 45–75 years, with 47,436 deaths during an average follow-up of 18.2 ± 4.9 years. In multivariable-adjusted Cox models, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the highest vs. lowest quintile of the DII in men and women were 1.15 (1.09–1.21) and 1.22 (1.14–1.28) for all-cause, 1.13 (1.03–1.23) and 1.29 (1.17–1.42) for CVD, and 1.10 (1.00–1.21) and 1.13 (1.02–1.26) for cancer mortality. In men, an increased risk of all-cause mortality with higher DII scores was found in all racial/ethnic groups except for Native Hawaiians (P for heterogeneity < 0.001). Similarly, in women, an increased risk of CVD mortality was found in the four racial/ethnic groups, but not in Native Hawaiians. These findings support the association of a pro-inflammatory diet with a higher risk of mortality and suggest the association may vary by race/ethnicity.

scholarly journals No Association of Type 2 Diabetes Risk Variants and Prostate Cancer Risk: the Multiethnic Cohort and PAGE: Table 1.

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1979-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Waters ◽  
Lynne R. Wilkens ◽  
Kristine R. Monroe ◽  
Daniel O. Stram ◽  
Laurence N. Kolonel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Risk Variants ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort ◽  
Page Table

Adherence to the Food Guide Pyramid recommendations among Japanese Americans, Native Hawaiians, and whites: Results from the Multiethnic Cohort Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 1195-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangita Sharma ◽  
Suzanne P. Murphy ◽  
Lynne R. Wilkens ◽  
Lucy Shen ◽  
Jean H. Hankin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort ◽  
Food Guide Pyramid

scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes risk variants and colorectal cancer risk: the Multiethnic Cohort and PAGE studies

Gut ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 1703-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Cheng ◽  
C. P. Caberto ◽  
A. Lum-Jones ◽  
A. Seifried ◽  
L. R. Wilkens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
Risk Variants ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort

scholarly journals Disparity in Diabetes Risk Across Native Hawaiians and Different Asian Groups

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertraud Maskarinec ◽  
Simone Jacobs ◽  
Yukiko Morimoto ◽  
Marci Chock ◽  
Andrew Grandinetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Native Hawaiians
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