scholarly journals The acute effects of inulin and resistant starch on postprandial serum short-chain fatty acids and second-meal glycemic response in lean and overweight humans

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Rahat-Rozenbloom ◽  
J Fernandes ◽  
J Cheng ◽  
G B Gloor ◽  
T M S Wolever
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Glycemic Response ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Human Colonic Function: Roles of Resistant Starch and Nonstarch Polysaccharides

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 1031-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Topping ◽  
Peter M. Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
Electrolyte Uptake ◽  
Colonic Blood Flow ◽  
Nonstarch Polysaccharides ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Resistant starch (RS) is starch and products of its small intestinal digestion that enter the large bowel. It occurs for various reasons including chemical structure, cooking of food, chemical modification, and food mastication. Human colonic bacteria ferment RS and nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP; major components of dietary fiber) to short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), mainly acetate, propionate, and butyrate. SCFA stimulate colonic blood flow and fluid and electrolyte uptake. Butyrate is a preferred substrate for colonocytes and appears to promote a normal phenotype in these cells. Fermentation of some RS types favors butyrate production. Measurement of colonic fermentation in humans is difficult, and indirect measures (e.g., fecal samples) or animal models have been used. Of the latter, rodents appear to be of limited value, and pigs or dogs are preferable. RS is less effective than NSP in stool bulking, but epidemiological data suggest that it is more protective against colorectal cancer, possibly via butyrate. RS is a prebiotic, but knowledge of its other interactions with the microflora is limited. The contribution of RS to fermentation and colonic physiology seems to be greater than that of NSP. However, the lack of a generally accepted analytical procedure that accommodates the major influences on RS means this is yet to be established.

scholarly journals Obesity-Related Metabolome and Gut Microbiota Profiles of Juvenile Göttingen Minipigs—Long-Term Intake of Fructose and Resistant Starch

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 456
Author(s):  
Mihai V. Curtasu ◽  
Valeria Tafintseva ◽  
Zachary A. Bendiks ◽  
Maria L. Marco ◽  
Achim Kohler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

The metabolome and gut microbiota were investigated in a juvenile Göttingen minipig model. This study aimed to explore the metabolic effects of two carbohydrate sources with different degrees of risk in obesity development when associated with a high fat intake. A high-risk (HR) high-fat diet containing 20% fructose was compared to a control lower-risk (LR) high-fat diet where a similar amount of carbohydrate was provided as a mix of digestible and resistant starch from high amylose maize. Both diets were fed ad libitum. Non-targeted metabolomics was used to explore plasma, urine, and feces samples over five months. Plasma and fecal short-chain fatty acids were targeted and quantified. Fecal microbiota was analyzed using genomic sequencing. Data analysis was performed using sparse multi-block partial least squares regression. The LR diet increased concentrations of fecal and plasma total short-chain fatty acids, primarily acetate, and there was a higher relative abundance of microbiota associated with acetate production such as Bacteroidetes and Ruminococcus. A higher proportion of Firmicutes was measured with the HR diet, together with a lower alpha diversity compared to the LR diet. Irrespective of diet, the ad libitum exposure to the high-energy diets was accompanied by well-known biomarkers associated with obesity and diabetes, particularly branched-chain amino acids, keto acids, and other catabolism metabolites.

scholarly journals Effects of Arabinoxylan and Resistant Starch on Intestinal Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomised Crossover Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e0159223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stine Hald ◽  
Anne Grethe Schioldan ◽  
Mary E. Moore ◽  
Anders Dige ◽  
Helle Nygaard Lærke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Feeding resistant starch affects fecal and cecal microflora and short-chain fatty acids in rats.

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 2453 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Kleessen ◽  
G Stoof ◽  
J Proll ◽  
D Schmiedl ◽  
J Noack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Cecal Microflora ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Postprandial PYY increase by resistant starch supplementation is independent of net portal appearance of short-chain fatty acids in pigs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e0185927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Krog Ingerslev ◽  
Shivaprakash Jagalur Mutt ◽  
Helle Nygaard Lærke ◽  
Mette Skou Hedemann ◽  
Peter Kappel Theil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Effects of Resistant Starch Type III Polymorphs on Human Colon Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acids in Human Gut Models

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (13) ◽  
pp. 5415-5421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uri Lesmes ◽  
Emma J. Beards ◽  
Glenn R. Gibson ◽  
Kieran M. Tuohy ◽  
Eyal Shimoni
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids
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