scholarly journals Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans regulate the growth, differentiation and migration of multipotential neural precursor cells through integrins signaling pathway

Cell Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
pp. S139-S139
Author(s):  
Wenli Gu ◽  
Saili Fu ◽  
Yanxia Wang ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Hezuo Lü ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans ◽  
Neural Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor ◽  
And Migration

scholarly journals Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans Negatively Modulate Spinal Cord Neural Precursor Cells by Signaling Through LAR and RPTPσ and Modulation of the Rho/ROCK Pathway

Stem Cells ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 2550-2563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott M. Dyck ◽  
Arsalan Alizadeh ◽  
Kallivalappil T. Santhosh ◽  
Evan H. Proulx ◽  
Chia-Lun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans ◽  
Neural Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor

Neural precursor cell chain migration and division are regulated through different beta1 integrins

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (16) ◽  
pp. 3167-3177 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.S. Jacques ◽  
J.B. Relvas ◽  
S. Nishimura ◽  
R. Pytela ◽  
G.M. Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Precursor Cell ◽  
Neural Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor ◽  
Neural Precursor Cell ◽  
Chain Migration ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
Established Cell ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Proliferation and tangential migration of neural precursor cells are essential determinants of CNS development. We have established cell culture models of both these processes using neural precursor cells grown as neurospheres. The pattern of migration that we observe in these cells is homotypic and occurs in the absence of a glial or neuronal scaffold, and is therefore equivalent to that previously described as chain migration. To determine the role of integrins in proliferation and migration, we have analysed the expression pattern of integrins on neurosphere cells and then performed blocking peptide and antibody experiments. Neurosphere cells express five major integrins, alpha5 beta1, alpha 6Abeta1, alphav beta1, alphav beta5 and alpha vbeta8 and, in addition, express low levels of alpha 6Bbeta1. Chain migration is inhibited by blocking the alpha 6beta1 integrin. Proliferation, by contrast, is inhibited by blocking the other beta1 integrins, alphav beta1 and alpha5 beta1. These results show that integrins are important regulators of neural precursor cell behaviour, with distinct beta1 integrins regulating proliferation and migration. They also demonstrate a novel role for the alpha6 beta1 integrin in the cell-cell interactions underlying homotypic chain migration.

Involvement of caspase-3/PTEN signaling pathway in isoflurane-induced decrease of self-renewal capacity of hippocampal neural precursor cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 1625 ◽  
pp. 275-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Chen ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Jianfang Zhang ◽  
Shiyong Li ◽  
Yilin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor ◽  
Self Renewal

scholarly journals Slit signaling promotes the terminal asymmetric division of neural precursor cells in the Drosophila CNS

Development ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 128 (16) ◽  
pp. 3161-3168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brijesh Mehta ◽  
Krishna Moorthi Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Asymmetric Division ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Symmetric Division ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Mother Cells

The bipotential Ganglion Mother Cells, or GMCs, in the DrosophilaCNS asymmetrically divide to generate two distinct post-mitotic neurons. Here,we show that the midline repellent Slit (Sli), via its receptor Roundabout(Robo), promotes the terminal asymmetric division of GMCs. In GMC-1 of the RP2/sib lineage, Slit promotes asymmetric division by down regulating two POU proteins, Nubbin and Mitimere. The down regulation of these proteins allows the asymmetric localization of Inscuteable, leading to the asymmetric division of GMC-1. Consistent with this, over-expression of these POU genes in a late GMC-1 causes mis-localization of Insc and symmetric division of GMC-1 to generate two RP2s. Similarly, increasing the dosage of the two POU genes insli mutant background enhances the penetrance of the RP2 lineage defects whereas reducing the dosage of the two genes reduces the penetrance of the phenotype. These results tie a cell-non-autonomous signaling pathway to the asymmetric division of precursor cells during neurogenesis.

Effects of ATP and NGF on Proliferation and Migration of Neural Precursor Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1849-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia L.B. Oliveira ◽  
Cleber A. Trujillo ◽  
Priscilla D. Negraes ◽  
Henning Ulrich
Keyword(s):  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Survival, differentiation, and migration of bioreactor-expanded human neural precursor cells in a model of Parkinson disease in rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. E8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Mukhida ◽  
Behnam A. Baghbaderani ◽  
Murray Hong ◽  
Matthew Lewington ◽  
Timothy Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Fetal Tissue ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
And Migration

Object Fetal tissue transplantation for Parkinson disease (PD) has demonstrated promising results in experimental and clinical studies. However, the widespread clinical application of this therapeutic approach is limited by a lack of fetal tissue. Human neural precursor cells (HNPCs) are attractive candidates for transplantation because of their long-term proliferation activity. Furthermore, these cells can be reproducibly expanded in a standardized fashion in suspension bioreactors. In this study the authors sought to determine whether the survival, differentiation, and migration of HNPCs after transplantation depended on the region of precursor cell origin, intracerebral site of transplantation, and duration of their expansion. Methods Human neural precursor cells were isolated from the telencephalon, brainstem, ventral mesencephalon, and spinal cord of human fetuses 8–10 weeks of gestational age, and their differentiation potential characterized in vitro. After expansion in suspension bioreactors, the HNPCs were transplanted into the striatum and substantia nigra of parkinsonian rats. Histological analyses were performed 7 weeks posttransplantation. Results The HNPCs isolated from various regions of the neuraxis demonstrated diverse propensities to differentiate into astrocytes and neurons and could all successfully expand under standardized conditions in suspension bioreactors. At 7 weeks posttransplantation, survival and migration were significantly greater for HNPCs obtained from the more rostral brain regions. The HNPCs differentiated predominantly into astrocytes after transplantation into the striatum or substantia nigra regions, and thus no behavioral improvement was observed. Conclusions Understanding the regional differences in HNPC properties is prerequisite to their application for PD cell restoration strategies.

Neural precursor cells division and migration in neonatal rat brain after ischemic/hypoxic injury

2005 ◽  
Vol 1038 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Hayashi ◽  
Masanori Iwai ◽  
Tomoaki Ikeda ◽  
Guang Jin ◽  
Kentaro Deguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor Cells ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Neural Precursor ◽  
Hypoxic Injury ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Neonatal Rat Brain

scholarly journals Phenotypic Changes, Signaling Pathway, and Functional Correlates of GPR17-expressing Neural Precursor Cells during Oligodendrocyte Differentiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 286 (12) ◽  
pp. 10593-10604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Fumagalli ◽  
Simona Daniele ◽  
Davide Lecca ◽  
Philip R. Lee ◽  
Chiara Parravicini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor Cells ◽  
Neural Precursor ◽  
Intracellular Camp ◽  
Early Proteins ◽  
Potent Inhibition ◽  
Functional Consequences ◽  
Immature Cells

The developing and mature central nervous system contains neural precursor cells expressing the proteoglycan NG2. Some of these cells continuously differentiate to myelin-forming oligodendrocytes; knowledge of the destiny of NG2+ precursors would benefit from the characterization of new key functional players. In this respect, the G protein-coupled membrane receptor GPR17 has recently emerged as a new timer of oligodendrogliogenesis. Here, we used purified oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to fully define the immunophenotype of the GPR17-expressing cells during OPC differentiation, unveil its native signaling pathway, and assess the functional consequences of GPR17 activation by its putative endogenous ligands, uracil nucleotides and cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs). GPR17 presence was restricted to very early differentiation stages and completely segregated from that of mature myelin. Specifically, GPR17 decorated two subsets of slowly proliferating NG2+ OPCs: (i) morphologically immature cells expressing other early proteins like Olig2 and PDGF receptor-α, and (ii) ramified preoligodendrocytes already expressing more mature factors, like O4 and O1. Thus, GPR17 is a new marker of these transition stages. In OPCs, GPR17 activation by either uracil nucleotides or cysLTs resulted in potent inhibition of intracellular cAMP formation. This effect was counteracted by GPR17 antagonists and receptor silencing with siRNAs. Finally, uracil nucleotides promoted and GPR17 inhibition, by either antagonists or siRNAs, impaired the normal program of OPC differentiation. These data have implications for the in vivo behavior of NG2+ OPCs and point to uracil nucleotides and cysLTs as main extrinsic local regulators of these cells under physiological conditions and during myelin repair.

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