scholarly journals Type 1 T-cell responses in chlamydial lung infections are associated with local MIP-1α response

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 355-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naihong Zhang ◽  
Zhaoe Wang ◽  
Xiaofei Tang ◽  
Haiping Wang ◽  
Hongzhao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Lung Infections

scholarly journals The Frequency and Immunodominance of Islet-Specific CD8+ T-cell Responses Change after Type 1 Diabetes Diagnosis and Treatment

Diabetes ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1312-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Martinuzzi ◽  
G. Novelli ◽  
M. Scotto ◽  
P. Blancou ◽  
J.-M. Bach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Cell Responses

scholarly journals Comprehensive Epitope Analysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)-Specific T-Cell Responses Directed against the Entire Expressed HIV-1 Genome Demonstrate Broadly Directed Responses, but No Correlation to Viral Load

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 2081-2092 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Addo ◽  
X. G. Yu ◽  
A. Rathod ◽  
D. Cohen ◽  
R. L. Eldridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Protein Subunits ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Total Magnitude ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Cellular immune responses play a critical role in the control of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1); however, the breadth of these responses at the single-epitope level has not been comprehensively assessed. We therefore screened peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 57 individuals at different stages of HIV-1 infection for virus-specific T-cell responses using a matrix of 504 overlapping peptides spanning all expressed HIV-1 proteins in a gamma interferon-enzyme-linked immunospot (Elispot) assay. HIV-1-specific T-cell responses were detectable in all study subjects, with a median of 14 individual epitopic regions targeted per person (range, 2 to 42), and all 14 HIV-1 protein subunits were recognized. HIV-1 p24-Gag and Nef contained the highest epitope density and were also the most frequently recognized HIV-1 proteins. The total magnitude of the HIV-1-specific response ranged from 280 to 25,860 spot-forming cells (SFC)/106 PBMC (median, 4,245) among all study participants. However, the number of epitopic regions targeted, the protein subunits recognized, and the total magnitude of HIV-1-specific responses varied significantly among the tested individuals, with the strongest and broadest responses detectable in individuals with untreated chronic HIV-1 infection. Neither the breadth nor the magnitude of the total HIV-1-specific CD8+-T-cell responses correlated with plasma viral load. We conclude that a peptide matrix-based Elispot assay allows for rapid, sensitive, specific, and efficient assessment of cellular immune responses directed against the entire expressed HIV-1 genome. These data also suggest that the impact of T-cell responses on control of viral replication cannot be explained by the mere quantification of the magnitude and breadth of the CD8+-T-cell response, even if a comprehensive pan-genome screening approach is applied.

109-OR: T-Cell Responses to Hybrid Insulin Peptides Precede Type 1 Diabetes Development

Diabetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 109-OR
Author(s):  
ANGELA M. MITCHELL ◽  
AIMON ALKANANI ◽  
KRISTEN MCDANIEL ◽  
LAURA PYLE ◽  
KATHLEEN WAUGH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Diabetes Development

scholarly journals IFN-γ and IL-10 islet-antigen-specific T cell responses in autoantibody-negative first-degree relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes

Diabetologia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 1451-1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Petrich de Marquesini ◽  
J. Fu ◽  
K. J. Connor ◽  
A. J. Bishop ◽  
N. E. McLintock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Islet Antigen

scholarly journals Regulatory T Cell Responses in Participants with Type 1 Diabetes after a Single Dose of Interleukin-2: A Non-Randomised, Open Label, Adaptive Dose-Finding Trial

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e1002139 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Todd ◽  
Marina Evangelou ◽  
Antony J. Cutler ◽  
Marcin L. Pekalski ◽  
Neil M. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Regulatory T Cell ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Dose Finding ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Cell Responses

scholarly journals Association between Virus-Specific T-Cell Responses and Plasma Viral Load in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C Infection

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 882-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Novitsky ◽  
P. Gilbert ◽  
T. Peter ◽  
M. F. McLane ◽  
S. Gaolekwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Plasma Viral Load ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Subtype C ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell Immune Responses

ABSTRACT Virus-specific T-cell immune responses are important in restraint of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication and control of disease. Plasma viral load is a key determinant of disease progression and infectiousness in HIV infection. Although HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C) is the predominant virus in the AIDS epidemic worldwide, the relationship between HIV-1C-specific T-cell immune responses and plasma viral load has not been elucidated. In the present study we address (i) the association between the level of plasma viral load and virus-specific immune responses to different HIV-1C proteins and their subregions and (ii) the specifics of correlation between plasma viral load and T-cell responses within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I HLA supertypes. Virus-specific immune responses in the natural course of HIV-1C infection were analyzed in the gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-enzyme-linked immunospot assay by using synthetic overlapping peptides corresponding to the HIV-1C consensus sequence. For Gag p24, a correlation was seen between better T-cell responses and lower plasma viral load. For Nef, an opposite trend was observed where a higher T-cell response was more likely to be associated with a higher viral load. At the level of the HLA supertypes, a lower viral load was associated with higher T-cell responses to Gag p24 within the HLA A2, A24, B27, and B58 supertypes, in contrast to the absence of such a correlation within the HLA B44 supertype. The present study demonstrated differential correlations (or trends to correlation) in various HIV-1C proteins, suggesting (i) an important role of the HIV-1C Gag p24-specific immune responses in control of viremia and (ii) more rapid viral escape from immune responses to Nef with no restraint of plasma viral load. Correlations between the level of IFN-γ-secreting T cells and viral load within the MHC class I HLA supertypes should be considered in HIV vaccine design and efficacy trials.

scholarly journals Detection of CD4+- and CD8+-T-Cell Responses to Human Papillomavirus Type 1 Antigens Expressed at Various Stages of the Virus Life Cycle by Using an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay of Gamma Interferon Release

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 6027-6036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane C. Steele ◽  
Sally Roberts ◽  
Susan M. Rookes ◽  
Phillip H. Gallimore
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Multiple Infection ◽  
Cell Reactivity ◽  
Cell Responses

ABSTRACT Human papillomavirus (HPV) antigens are expressed in epithelial cells at different stages of differentiation, and this may affect how they are handled by the immune system. We assessed the relative immunogenicities of four different HPV type 1 proteins: E6 and E7, which are made early in basal or parabasal cells; E4, which is made suprabasally in differentiating cells; and L1, a late protein which appears in the highly differentiated upper spinous layers. Pools of 15-mer peptides covering the primary sequences of all four proteins were used to screen 15 normal donors in enzyme-linked immunospot assays of gamma interferon release for both CD4+- and CD8+-T-cell reactivities. CD8+-T-cell responses were detected to the L1 protein in 7 of the 15 samples examined. No responses to E6, E7, or E4 were detected. CD4+-T-cell reactivities were again detected in 7 of the 15 donors. A broader spectrum of responses to E6 (three of seven), E4 (six of seven), and L1 (three of seven) was apparent, but there was no reactivity to E7. The predominant CD4+ response was to E4. Reactivities were seen in some cases to corresponding regions on other common HPV types but were probably due to a multiple infection rather than to a cross-reaction. Antibodies to HPV1 virus-like particles were detected in 12 of the 15 (80%) donors, but antibody status did not correlate with T-cell reactivity. The differences in the relative immunogenicities of the four proteins revealed in this study are discussed in relation to how they may be processed and presented to the immune system by differentiating epithelial cells.

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