Drug Shortages in the United States: A Critical Evaluation of Root Causes and the Need for Action

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
D K Gupta ◽  
S-M Huang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Shortages

AMERICAN PRIVATE LAW WRIT LARGE? THE UNCITRAL SECURED TRANSACTIONS GUIDE

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard McCormack
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Article 9 ◽  
Commercial Code ◽  
Secured Transactions ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Clear Objective

AbstractThis article provides a critical evaluation of the main provisions of the UNCITRAL Legislative Guide on Secured Transactions. It examines the Guide in the context of other international and national secured transactions instruments including article 9 of the United States Uniform Commercial Code. The clear objective of the Guide is to facilitate secured financing. It is very facilitating and enabling, and permits the creation of security in all sorts of situations. Security is seen as a good thing, through enhancing the availability of lower-cost credit. The paper suggests that this closeness in approach to article 9 is likely to militate against the prospects of the Guide gaining widespread international acceptance. This is the case for various interlocking reasons including the battering that American legal and financial norms have taken with the global financial crisis.

scholarly journals The Cause of Auditing Expectation Gap

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Gao Mengyan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Performance Gap ◽  
The Public ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Expectation Gap

Previous literature show that auditors and the public have different understandings and beliefs about the auditor’s responsibilities. The public’s expectation of statutory audit may exceed the responsibility required by the auditing standard, which leads to the audit expectation gap. Since the 1980s, there are more and more criticisms on statutory auditors especially after the appearance of some auditing fraud such as Enron case in the United States and Maxwell’s case in the United Kingdom. The misunderstanding from the public makes the auditor face more and more challenges. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the components of the gap, and discuss the main reasons based on the existing literature and cases. This paper makes a critical evaluation of the audit expectation gap from three parts: performance gap, standard gap, and reasonableness gap, respectively.

scholarly journals La educación bilingüe en los Estados Unidos: Programas, perspectivas, retos y lecciones

2020 ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
David Nieto
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Bilingual Education ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
The Us ◽  
The U.S

The present paper engages in a historical analysis and interpretation of the policies that have contributed to develop bilingual education in the United States. Departing from the U.S. interpretation of bilingual education, this study examines each of the educational programs that have been implemented in the country since the twentieth century, its pedagogical underpinnings, and the critical evaluation of its outcomes. The paper concludes with an analysis of potential interpretations and lessons that the US case may have for other contexts.

Internal Colony as Political Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Adamson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Racial Oppression ◽  
Kwame Nkrumah ◽  
Us Imperialism ◽  
Political Perspective ◽  
The 1960S

In the midst of struggles against racial oppression in the United States that intensified in and around 1968, activists developed the theory of the internal colony to contend that US imperialism was essential to understanding racial oppression in the heart of empire. The theory of the internal colony foregrounded alliances with struggles for national liberation abroad, articulated through an internationalist and Third Worldist position. This essay is a critical evaluation of the theory of the internal colony as a political perspective, its use and circulation within militant movements against racial oppression during the long 1960s, and its cultural and theoretical resonances today. Through the work of Robert L. Allen, the essay argues that the internal colony was a crucial lens through which to read both the rise of law and order and neoliberal political formations. Furthermore, drawing on the critiques of imperialism and finance, first developed by Lenin, that inspired movements for Third World emancipation through dependency theory from Latin American scholars and the theory of neocolonialism developed by Kwame Nkrumah in the 1960s, the author argues for a reevaluation of the theory of the internal colony in the context of contemporary financialization in the United States and elsewhere as a way to reinvigorate theories of geographical dislocation that remap solidarities in struggles against the financial dispossession today.

Advances in Clinical Chemistry, Vol. I,

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-737
Author(s):  
M. M. GRUMBACH
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Literature ◽  
Initial Volume ◽  
Recent Advances

In this initial volume of a new series of "Advances," the editors state in the preface that their aim "is to provide a readable account of selected important developments [in clinical chemistry], of their roots in the allied fundamental disciplines, and of their impact upon the progress of medical science." The editors have drawn on eminent authorities from Australia, Sweden and Switzerland as well as Great Britain and the United States to contribute nine chapters on a wide variety of subjects. The reviews, which in general are of exceptional quality, provide a critical evaluation of important advances in methods of analysis and their clinical significance. In addition to much useful information on analytic techniques of value to the investigator, the reviews contain a wealth of information clearly and succinctly presented which reflect the authors' thorough syntheses of recent advances in their special fields. The extensive bibliographies include a large number of references in the foreign literature.

¿Quiénes están retornando de Estados Unidos a México?

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Sandoval ◽  
Víctor Zúñiga
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Return Migration ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Academic Production ◽  
Impacto Económico

El artículo presenta una evaluación crítica de la producción académica que aborda la migración de retorno de Estados Unidos a México de 2008 a 2015. Los hallazgos muestran que la investigación se limita a estudiar el retorno de hombres adultos y su inserción en mercados laborales, así como el impacto económico y demográfico regional. Son casi inexistentes los trabajos sobre trayectorias, integración y experiencia migratoria de niños, jóvenes y mujeres, así como aquellos que toman en consideración las dinámicas familiares asociadas al retorno. Prevalecen las investigaciones deductivas de corte cuantitativo, a diferencia de las que abordan dimensiones cualitativas del fenómeno. The article presents a critical evaluation of the academic production on return migration from the United States to Mexico from 2008 to 2015. Our findings reveal that current research has been limited to studying the return of adult men and their insertion into labor markets, as well as the economic and demographic impacts of return. Analyses of migratory trajectories, integration, and experience of children, women and youth, and other studies with a focus on family dynamics are rare or virtually inexistent. Deductive and quantitative investigations still prevail, compared to those that prioritize the qualitative dimensions of the phenomenon.

Chemotherapy Drug Shortages in the United States: Genesis and Potential Solutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 692-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Link ◽  
Karen Hagerty ◽  
Hagop M. Kantarjian
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Shortages ◽  
Chemotherapy Drug

Critical evaluation of proven chemical weapon destruction technologies (IUPAC Technical Report)

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham S. Pearson ◽  
Richard S. Magee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World War I ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Chemical Weapons ◽  
Chemical Weapon ◽  
World War ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Chemical Agents

A critical evaluation is made of the chemical weapon destruction technologies demonstrated for 1 kg or more of agent in order to provide information about the technologies proven to destroy chemical weapons to policy-makers and others concerned with reaching decisions about the destruction of chemical weapons and agents. As all chemical agents are simply highly toxic chemicals, it is logical to consider the destruction of chemical agents as being no different from the consideration of the destruction of other chemicals that can be as highly toxictheir destruction, as that of any chemicals, requires the taking of appropriate precautions to safeguard worker safety, public health, and the environment. The Chemical Weapons Convention that entered into force in 1997 obliges all States Parties to destroy any stockpiles of chemical weapons within 10 years from the entry into force of the Conventionby 2007with the possibility of an extension for up to 5 years to 2012. There is consequently a tight timeline under the treaty for the destruction of stockpiled chemical weapons and agentsprimarily held in Russia and the United States. Abandoned or old chemical weaponsnotably in Europe primarily from World War I, in China from World War II as well as in the United Statesalso have to be destroyed. During the past 40 years, more than 20 000 tonnes of agent have been destroyed in a number of countries and over 80 % of this has been destroyed by incineration. Although incineration is well proven and will be used in the United States to destroy over 80 % of the U.S. stockpile of 25 800 tonnes of agent, considerable attention has been paid particularly in the United States to alternative technologies to incineration because of several constraints that are specific to the United States. Much of the information in this report is based on U.S. experienceas the United States had, along with the Russian Federation, by far the largest stockpiles of chemical weapons and agents anywhere in the world. The United States has made much progress in destroying its stockpile of chemical weapons and agents and has also done more work than any other country to examine alternative technologies for the destruction of chemical weapons and agents. However, the national decisions to be taken by countries faced with the destruction of chemical weapons and agents need to be made in the light of their particular national conditions and standardsand thus may well result in a decision to use different approaches from those adopted by the United States. This report provides information to enable countries to make their own informed and appropriate decisions.

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