scholarly journals Unfolded protein response-induced dysregulation of calcium homeostasis promotes retinal degeneration in rat models of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e2085-e2085 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Shinde ◽  
P Kotla ◽  
C Strang ◽  
M Gorbatyuk
Keyword(s):  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Unfolded Protein Response ◽  
Retinal Degeneration ◽  
Calcium Homeostasis ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Unfolded Protein ◽  
Protein Response

scholarly journals ATF6 is required for efficient rhodopsin clearance and retinal homeostasis in the P23H rho retinitis pigmentosa mouse model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Jin Lee ◽  
Priscilla Chan ◽  
Leon Chea ◽  
Kyle Kim ◽  
Randal J. Kaufman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Retinal Degeneration ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Photoreceptor Layer ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Unfolded Protein ◽  
Activating Transcription Factor ◽  
The Unfolded Protein Response ◽  
Protein Response

AbstractRetinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a blinding disease that arises from loss of rods and subsequently cones. The P23H rhodopsin knock-in (P23H-KI) mouse develops retinal degeneration that mirrors RP phenotype in patients carrying the orthologous variant. Previously, we found that the P23H rhodopsin protein was degraded in P23H-KI retinas, and the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) promoted P23H rhodopsin degradation in heterologous cells in vitro. Here, we investigated the role of a UPR regulator gene, activating transcription factor 6 (Atf6), in rhodopsin protein homeostasis in heterozygous P23H rhodopsin (Rho+/P23H) mice. Significantly increased rhodopsin protein levels were found in Atf6−/−Rho+/P23H retinas compared to Atf6+/−Rho+/P23H retinas at early ages (~ P12), while rhodopsin mRNA levels were not different. The IRE1 pathway of the UPR was hyper-activated in young Atf6−/−Rho+/P23H retinas, and photoreceptor layer thickness was unchanged at this early age in Rho+/P23H mice lacking Atf6. By contrast, older Atf6−/−Rho+/P23H mice developed significantly increased retinal degeneration in comparison to Atf6+/−Rho+/P23H mice in all retinal layers, accompanied by reduced rhodopsin protein levels. Our findings demonstrate that Atf6 is required for efficient clearance of rhodopsin protein in rod photoreceptors expressing P23H rhodopsin, and that loss of Atf6 ultimately accelerates retinal degeneration in P23H-KI mice.

Mutations in the human retinal degeneration slow gene in autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa

Nature ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 354 (6353) ◽  
pp. 480-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuto Kajiwara ◽  
Lauri B. Hahn ◽  
Shizuo Mukai ◽  
Gabriel H. Travis ◽  
Eliot L. Berson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Retinal Degeneration ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa

Gene of the month:PRPF31

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 729-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M Rose ◽  
Rong Luo ◽  
Utsav K Radia ◽  
Shomi S Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Protein Structure ◽  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Retinal Degeneration ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Mrna Splicing ◽  
Splicing Factor ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa

Pre-mRNA splicing is an essential process in eukaryotic cells where the transcribed intronic sequences are removed, prior to translation into protein. PRPF31 is a ubiquitously expressed splicing factor, which aids in the assembly of the macromolecular spliceosome. Mutations inPRPF31cause autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP), a form of retinal degeneration that causes progressive visual impairment. Interestingly, mutations inPRPF31are non-penetrant, with some mutation carriers being phenotypically unaffected. In this review, the gene organisation, protein structure and biological function of PRPF31 are discussed, and the mechanisms of non-penetrance inPRPF31-associated adRP are discussed.

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