scholarly journals Sensitive and reliable proarrhythmia in vivo animal models for predicting drug-induced torsades de pointes in patients with remodelled hearts

2008 ◽  
Vol 154 (7) ◽  
pp. 1528-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Torsades De Pointes ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
In Vivo Animal Models

scholarly journals Preclinical characterization of dostarlimab, a therapeutic anti-PD-1 antibody with potent activity to enhance immune function in in vitro cellular assays and in vivo animal models

mAbs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1954136
Author(s):  
Sujatha Kumar ◽  
Srimoyee Ghosh ◽  
Geeta Sharma ◽  
Zebin Wang ◽  
Marilyn R. Kehry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Cellular Assays ◽  
In Vivo Animal Models

In-vitro and in-vivo Evaluation of Anti-asthmatic Activity of Eugenia jambolana bark

2021 ◽  
pp. 3337-3342
Author(s):  
Bhong Prabha N. ◽  
Naikawade Nilofar. S. ◽  
Mali Pratibha. R. ◽  
Bindu Madhavi. S.
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Eugenia Jambolana ◽  
In Vivo Animal Models

Objectives: The present study designed to evaluate the Antiasthmatic activity of aqueous extract of bark of Eugenia Jambolana (AEEJ) on in vitro and in vivo animal models. Materials and methods: Different in vitro and in vivo animal models was used to study the anti asthmatic activity as isolated goat tracheal chain preparation, Acetylcholine and Histamine induced bronconstriction in guinea pigs, effect of drug extract on histamine release from mast cell was checked by clonidine-induced mast cell degranulation, and milk-induced eosinophilia and leukocytosis. Results: In-vitro study on goat tracheal chain preparation revealed that aqueous extract of Eugenia jambolana (AEEJ)bark exerted antagonistic effect on the histamine induced contraction. (P<0.05) The guinea pigs when exposed to 0.2% histamine aerosol showed signs of progressive dyspnoea leading to convulsions. AEEJ significantly prolonged the latent period of convulsions (PCT) as compared to control following the exposure of histamine (0.2%) aerosol (P<0.01). The observation of present study indicates aqueous extract of Eugenia jambolana shows significant inhibition of milk induced eosinophilia and leukocytosis. Group of animals pretreated with aqueous Eugenia jambolana bark extract showed significant reduction in degranulation of mast cells when challenged with clonidine. The prevention of degranulation process by the aqueous Eugenia jambolana bark extract (P<0.01) indicates a possible stabilizing effect on the mast cells, indicating mast cell stabilizing activity. Conclusions: Thus, AEEJ showed antihistaminic, mast cell stabilizing and protective in guinea pigs against histamine induced PCD, reduced eosinophilia and leukocytosis and hence possesses potential role in the treatment of asthma.

scholarly journals Comparison of Different In Vivo Animal Models of Brachial Plexus Avulsion and Its Application in Pain Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hang Xian ◽  
Rougang Xie ◽  
Ceng Luo ◽  
Rui Cong
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Brachial Plexus Avulsion ◽  
In Vivo Animal Models ◽  
Closed Approach ◽  
Severe Type

Brachial plexus injuries (BPIs) are high-energy trauma that can result in serious functional problems in the affected upper extremities, and brachial plexus avulsion (BPA) could be considered the most severe type of them. The booming occurrence rate of BPA brings up devastating impact on patients’ life. Complications of muscle atrophy, neuropathic pain, and denervation-associated psychological disorders are major challenges in the treatment of BPA. Animal models of BPA are good vehicles for this kind of research. Full understanding of the current in vivo BPA models, which could be classified into anterior approach avulsion, posterior approach avulsion, and closed approach avulsion groups, could help researchers select the appropriate type of models for their studies. Each group of the BPA model has its distinct merits and demerits. An ideal BPA model that can inherit the advantages and make up for the disadvantages is still required for further exploration.

Mitochondrial dysfunction in sepsis

1999 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 149-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mervyn Singer ◽  
David Brealey
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Duration Models ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Vascular Control ◽  
In Vivo Animal Models

The current mainstream view of organ failure induced by sepsis revolves around inflammation and loss of vascular control. However, there has been a resurgence in interest in bioenergetic failure due to mitochondrial dysfunction. This concept is not new--studies date back 30 years; however, the data have been highly conflicting with findings of either decreased, increased or unchanged mitochondrial activity and/or nucleotide levels. These studies are virtually all based on non-human cells, isolated perfused organs or in vivo animal models that have received a variety of insults ranging from mild to severe, and monitored for different durations ranging from minutes to weeks. As a generalization, there does appear to be depression of mitochondrial function with longer-duration models of greater severity. This is confirmed by the scanty human data currently available. This chapter provides an overview, and attempts to relate the biochemical changes to the clinical condition. The potential roles of nitric oxide, intracellular calcium and reactive oxygen species are highlighted.

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