scholarly journals Adrenergic factors regulating cell division in the colonic crypt epithelium during carcinogenesis and in colonic adenoma and adenocarcinoma

1985 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
M F Kennedy ◽  
P J Tutton ◽  
D H Barkla
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Colonic Crypt ◽  
Colonic Adenoma ◽  
Crypt Epithelium

RELM-beta is a novel intestine-specific secreted protein that is expressed in the colonic crypt epithelium

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A705
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Wen ◽  
Scott T. Cooper ◽  
Weimian He ◽  
Claire M. Steppan ◽  
Mitchell A. Lazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secreted Protein ◽  
Colonic Crypt ◽  
Crypt Epithelium

RELM-beta is a novel intestine-specific secreted protein that is expressed in the colonic crypt epithelium

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A705-A705
Author(s):  
X WEN ◽  
S COOPER ◽  
W HE ◽  
C STEPPAN ◽  
M LAZAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secreted Protein ◽  
Colonic Crypt ◽  
Crypt Epithelium

scholarly journals IFN-γ and IL-17A regulate intestinal crypt production of CXCL10 in the healthy and inflamed colon

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (3) ◽  
pp. G479-G489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis Walrath ◽  
Robert A. Malizia ◽  
Xinjun Zhu ◽  
Stephen P. Sharp ◽  
Shanti S. D'Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Colonic Crypt ◽  
Intestinal Crypt ◽  
Colon Crypt ◽  
Crypt Epithelium ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Cytokine Milieu ◽  
Ifn Γ

During intestinal inflammation, immature cells within the intestinal crypt are called upon to replenish lost epithelial cell populations, promote tissue regeneration, and restore barrier integrity. Inflammatory mediators including TH1/TH17-associated cytokines influence tissue health and regenerative processes, yet how these cytokines directly influence the colon crypt epithelium and whether the crypt remains responsive to these cytokines during active damage and repair, remain unclear. Here, using laser-capture microdissection and primary colon organoid culture, we show that the cytokine milieu regulates the ability of the colonic crypt epithelium to participate in proinflammatory signaling. IFN-γ induces the TH1-recruiting, proinflammatory chemokine CXCL10/IP10 in primary murine intestinal crypt epithelium. CXCL10 was also induced in colonic organoids derived from mice with active, experimentally induced colitis, suggesting that the crypt can actively secrete CXCL10 in select cytokine environments during colitis. Colon expression of cxcl10 further increased during infectious and noninfectious colitis in Il17a−/− mice, demonstrating that IL-17A exerts a negative effect on CXCL10 in vivo. Furthermore, IL-17A directly antagonized CXCL10 production in ex vivo organoid cultures derived from healthy murine colons. Interestingly, direct antagonism of CXCL10 was not observed in organoids derived from colitic mouse colons bearing active lesions. These data, highlighting the complex interplay between the cytokine milieu and crypt epithelia, demonstrate proinflammatory chemokines can be induced within the colonic crypt and suggest the crypt remains responsive to cytokine modulation during inflammation. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Upon damage, the intestinal epithelium regenerates to restore barrier function. Here we observe that the local colonic cytokine milieu controls the production of procolitic chemokines within the crypt base and colon crypts remain responsive to cytokines during inflammation. IFN-γ promotes, while IL-17 antagonizes, CXCL10 production in healthy colonic crypts, while responses to cytokines differ in inflamed colon epithelium. These data reveal novel insight into colon crypt responses and inflammation-relevant alterations in signaling.

The Ultrastructure of the Nuclear Events of Binary Fission in Paramecium bursaria and the Effects of Colchicine on Cell Division

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 276-277
Author(s):  
L. M. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Condensed Chromatin ◽  
Binary Fission ◽  
Paramecium Bursaria ◽  
Nuclear Events ◽  
Division Axis

The effects of colchicine on extranuclear microtubules associated with the macronucleus of Paramecium bursaria were studied to determine the possible role that these microtubules play in controlling the shape of the macronucleus. In the course of this study, the ultrastructure of the nuclear events of binary fission in control cells was also studied.During interphase in control cells, the micronucleus contains randomly distributed clumps of condensed chromatin and microtubular fragments. Throughout mitosis the nuclear envelope remains intact. During micronuclear prophase, cup-shaped microfilamentous structures appear that are filled with condensing chromatin. Microtubules are also present and are parallel to the division axis.

Stimulated Virus Production in Vinblastine and Cytochalasin-Induced Multinucleate Cells

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 186-187
Author(s):  
Krishan Awtar
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Normal Cell ◽  
Virus Production ◽  
Multinucleate Cells ◽  
Daughter Cells ◽  
Cell Divisions ◽  
Nuclear Membranes ◽  
Division 2 ◽  
Vinblastine Sulfate

Exposure of cells to low sublethal but mitosis-arresting doses of vinblastine sulfate (Velban) results in the initial arrest of cells in mitosis followed by their subsequent return to an “interphase“-like stage. A large number of these cells reform their nuclear membranes and form large multimicronucleated cells, some containing as many as 25 or more micronuclei (1). Formation of large multinucleate cells is also caused by cytochalasin, by causing the fusion of daughter cells at the end of an otherwise .normal cell division (2). By the repetition of this process through subsequent cell divisions, large cells with 6 or more nuclei are formed.

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