scholarly journals Photodynamic effect of haematoporphyrin throughout the cell cycle of the human cell line NHIK 3025 cultivated in vitro

1979 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Christensen ◽  
J Moan ◽  
E Wibe ◽  
R Oftebro
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Human Cell Line ◽  
Photodynamic Effect

The relationship between CD86/CD54 expression and THP-1 cell viability in an in vitro skin sensitization test – human cell line activation test (h-CLAT)

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Sakaguchi ◽  
Takao Ashikaga ◽  
Masaaki Miyazawa ◽  
Nanae Kosaka ◽  
Yuichi Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Human Cell Line ◽  
Skin Sensitization ◽  
Activation Test ◽  
The Relationship

Prediction of the skin sensitization potential of didecyldimethylammonium chloride and 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal and mixtures of these compounds with the excipient ethylene glycol through the human Cell Line Activation Test and the Direct Peptide Reactivity Assay

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 507-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
JaeHee Lee ◽  
AhRang Cho ◽  
Ravi Gautam ◽  
YeonGyeong Kim ◽  
SoJung Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Human Cell Line ◽  
Skin Sensitization ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Activation Test ◽  
Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride

In commercial products such as household deodorants or biocides, didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) often serves as an antimicrobial agent, citral serves as a fragrance agent, and the excipient ethylene glycol (EG) is used to dissolve the active ingredients. The skin sensitization (SS) potentials of each of these substances are still being debated. Moreover, mixtures of DDAC or citral with EG have not been evaluated for SS potency. The in vitro alternative assay called human Cell Line Activation Test (h-CLAT) and Direct Peptide Reactivity Assay (DPRA) served to address these issues. On three independent runs of h-CLAT, DDAC and citral were predicted to be sensitizers while EG was predicted to be a non-sensitizer and also by the DPRA. Mixtures of DDAC or citral with EG at ratios of 7:3 and 1:4 w/v were all positive by the h-CLAT in terms of SS potential but SS potency was mitigated as the proportion of EG increased. Citral and its EG mixtures were all positive but DDAC and its EG mixtures were all negative by the DPRA, indicating that the DPRA method is not suitable for chemicals with pro-hapten characteristics. Since humans can be occupationally or environmentally exposed to mixtures of excipients with active ingredients, the present study may give insights into further investigations of the SS potentials of various chemical mixtures.

MEIC Evaluation of Acute Systemic Toxicity

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 617-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Ekwall ◽  
Frank A. Barile ◽  
Argelia Castano ◽  
Cecilia Clemedson ◽  
Richard H. Clothier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Human Cell Line ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Human Toxicity ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Ic50 Values

The Multicenter Evaluation of In Vitro Cytotoxicity (MEIC) programme was set up to evaluate the relevance for human acute toxicity of in vitro cytotoxicity tests. At the end of the project in 1996, 29 laboratories had tested all 50 reference chemicals in 61 cytotoxicity assays. Five previous articles have presented the in vitro data and the human database to be used in the evaluation. This article presents three important parts of the final evaluation: a) a comparison of rat and mouse oral LD50 with human acute lethal doses for all 50 chemicals; b) a display of the correlations between IC50 (concentration causing 50% inhibition) values from all 61 assays and three independent sets of human acute lethal blood concentrations, i.e. clinical lethal concentrations, forensic lethal concentrations, and peak concentrations; and c) a series of comparisons between average IC50 values from ten human cell line 24-hour assays and human lethal blood concentrations. In the latter comparisons, results from correlations were linked with known human toxicity data for the chemicals, to provide an understanding of correlative results. This correlative/mechanistic approach had the double purpose of assessing the relevance of the in vitro cytotoxicities, and of testing a series of hypotheses connected with the basal cytotoxicity concept. The results of the studies were as follows. Rat LD50 predictions of human lethal dosage were only relatively good (R2 = 0.61), while mouse LD50s gave a somewhat better prediction (R2 = 0.65). Comparisons performed between IC50 values from the 61 assays and the human lethal peak concentrations demonstrated that human ceil line tests gave the best average results (R2 = 0.64), while mammalian and fish cell tests correlated less well (R2 = 0.52–0.58), followed by non-fish ecotoxicological tests (R2 = 0.36). Most of the 61 assays underpredicted human toxicity for digoxin, malathion, carbon tetrachloride and atropine sulphate. In the correlative/mechanistic study, the 50 chemicals were first separated into three groups: A = fast-acting chemicals with a restricted passage across the blood–brain barrier; B = slow-acting chemicals with a restricted passage across the blood–brain barrier; and C = chemicals which cross the blood–brain barrier freely, while inducing a non-specific excitation/depression of the central nervous system (CNS). The IC50 values for chemicals in group C were divided by a factor of ten to compensate for a hypothetical extra vulnerability of the CNS to cytotoxicity. Finally, the average human cell line IC50 values (24-hour IC50 for groups A and C, and after 48-hour for group B) were compared with relevant human lethal blood concentrations (peak concentrations for groups A and C, and 48-hour concentrations for group B). As a result, in vitro toxicity and in vivo toxicity correlated very well for all groups (R2 = 0.98, 0.82 and 0.85, respectively). No clear overprediction of human toxicity was made by the human cell tests. The human cell line tests underpredicted human toxicity for only four of the 50 chemicals. These outlier chemicals were digoxin, malathion, nicotine and atropine sulphate, all of which have a lethal action in man through interaction with specific target sites not usually found in cell lines. Potassium cyanide has a cellular human lethal action which cannot be measured by standard anaerobic cell lines. The good prediction of the human lethal whole-blood concentration of this chemical was not conclusive, i.e. was probably a “false good correlation”. Another two chemicals in group C resulted in “false good correlations”, i.e. paracetamol and paraquat. The comparisons thus indicated that human cell line cytotoxicities are relevant for the human acute lethal action for 43 of the 50 chemicals. The results strongly support the basal cytotoxicity concept, and further point to the non-specific CNS depression being the obligatory reaction of humans to cytotoxic concentrations of chemicals, provided that the chemicals are able to pass the blood–brain barrier.

Effects of potassium dichromate on the cell cycle of an established human cell line (NHIK 3025)

Toxicology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Jakobsen ◽  
Oddmund Bakke ◽  
Kjetill Østgaard ◽  
Linda R. White ◽  
Kristen B. Eik-nes
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Human Cell Line

Salmonella typhi vaccine strain in vitro; low infectivity in human cell line U937

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-IN4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenia M. Dragunsky ◽  
Carole R. Wooden ◽  
Susan A. Vargo ◽  
Inessa S. Levenbook
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Human Cell Line ◽  
Salmonella Typhi

scholarly journals Extended Analysis of the In Vitro Tropism of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn A. Wilson ◽  
Susan Wong ◽  
Matthew VanBrocklin ◽  
Mark J. Federspiel
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Human Cell Line ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Productive Infection ◽  
Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Productive Replication

ABSTRACT We previously reported that mitogenic activation of porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells resulted in production of porcine endogenous retrovirus(es) (PERV[s]) capable of productively infecting human cells (C. Wilson et al., J. Virol. 72:3082–3087, 1998). We now extend that analysis to show that additional passage of isolated virus, named here PERV-NIH, through a human cell line yielded a viral population with a higher titer of infectious virus on human cells than the initial isolate. We show that in a single additional passage on a human cell line, the increase in infectivity for human cells is accounted for by selection against variants carrying pig-tropic envelope sequences (PERV-C) as well as by enrichment for replication-competent genomes. Sequence analysis of the envelope cDNA present in virions demonstrated that the envelope sequence of PERV-NIH is related to but distinct from previously reported PERV envelopes. The in vitro host range of PERV was studied in human primary cells and cell lines, as well as in cell lines from nonhuman primate and other species. This analysis reveals three patterns of susceptibility to infection among these host cells: (i) cells are resistant to infection in our assay; (ii) cells are infected by virus, as viral RNA is detected in the supernatant by reverse transcription-PCR, but the cells are not permissive to productive replication and spread; and (iii) cells are permissive to low-level productive replication. Certain cell lines were permissive for efficient productive infection and spread. These results may prove useful in designing appropriate animal models to assess the in vivo infectivity properties of PERV.

scholarly journals Cell cycle analysis in a human cell line (EUE cells)

Cytometry ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 426-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zippel ◽  
E. Martegani ◽  
M. Vanoni ◽  
G. Mazzini ◽  
L. Alberghina
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Human Cell Line ◽  
Cell Cycle Analysis

scholarly journals Comparative pharmacology of a new recombinant FSH expressed by a human cell line

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 297-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Koechling ◽  
Daniel Plaksin ◽  
Glenn E Croston ◽  
Janni V Jeppesen ◽  
Kirsten T Macklon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Human Cell Line ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Recombinant Fsh ◽  
Genetic Ablation ◽  
Follitropin Alfa ◽  
Therapeutic Protocols

Recombinant FSH proteins are important therapeutic agents for the treatment of infertility, including follitropin alfa expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells and, more recently, follitropin delta expressed in the human cell line PER.C6. These recombinant FSH proteins have distinct glycosylation, and have distinct pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles in women. Comparative experiments demonstrated that follitropin delta and follitropin alfa displayed the same in vitro potency at the human FSH receptor, but varied in their pharmacokinetics in mouse and rat. While follitropin delta clearance from serum depended in part on the hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR), follitropin alfa clearance was unaffected by ASGPR inhibition in rat or genetic ablation in mice. The distinct properties of follitropin delta and follitropin alfa are likely to contribute to the differing pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles observed in women and to influence their efficacy in therapeutic protocols for the treatment of infertility.

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