scholarly journals Effect of the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat on the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and bone formation in vivo

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 699-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Xu ◽  
Kim De Veirman ◽  
Holly Evans ◽  
Gaia Cecilia Santini ◽  
Isabelle Vande Broek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Hdac Inhibitor

Strontium folic acid derivative functionalized titanium surfaces for enhanced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and bone formation in vivo

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (33) ◽  
pp. 6811-6826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kui Xu ◽  
Weizhen Chen ◽  
Caiyun Mu ◽  
Yonglin Yu ◽  
Kaiyong Cai
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Acid Derivative ◽  
Titanium Surfaces

Strontium folic acid derivative (FASr) functionalized titanium surfaces improve the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and osseointegration in vivo.

scholarly journals Tenuigenin promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 367 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua-ji Jiang ◽  
Xing-gui Tian ◽  
Shou-bin Huang ◽  
Guo-rong Chen ◽  
Min-jun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells

scholarly journals Knockdown of POSTN Inhibits Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Patients With Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizhi Han ◽  
Song Gong ◽  
Ruoyu Wang ◽  
Shaokai Liu ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Matricellular Protein ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Endogenous Expression

Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (SONFH) is a common and serious complication caused by long-term and/or excessive use of glucocorticoids (GCs). The decreased activity and abnormal differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are considered to be one of the major reasons for the onset and progression of this disease. Periostin (POSTN) is a matricellular protein which plays an important role in regulating osteoblast function and bone formation. Sclerostin (SOST) is a secreted antagonist of Wnt signaling that is mainly expressed in osteocytes to inhibit bone formation. However, the exact role of POSTN and SOST in SONFH has not been reported yet. Therefore, we detected the differential expression of POSTN and SOST in BMSCs of SONFH Group patients, and Control Group was patients with traumatic ONFH (TONFH) and developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Furthermore, we used lentiviral transfection to knockdown POSTN expression in BMSCs of patients with SONFH to study the effect of POSTN knockdown on the SOST expression and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. The results indicated that the endogenous expression of POSTN and SOST in BMSCs of SONFH Group was upregulated, compared with Control Group. POSTN was upregulated gradually while SOST was downregulated gradually at days 0, 3, and 7 of osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in Control Group. Contrarily, POSTN was gradually downregulated while SOST was gradually upregulated during osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in SONFH Group. This could be due to increased expression of SOST in BMSCs, which was caused by excessive GCs. In turn, the increased expression of POSTN in BMSCs may play a role in antagonizing the continuous rising of SOST during the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in patients with SONFH. POSTN knockdown significantly attenuated osteo-specific gene expression, alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium nodule formation in vitro; thus inhibiting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in patients with SONFH. Besides, POSTN knockdown upregulated SOST expression, increased GSK-3β activity, and downregulated β-catenin. These findings suggest that POSTN have an essential role in regulating the expression of SOST and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in patients with SONFH, and POSTN knockdown suppresses osteogenic differentiation by upregulating SOST and partially inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, targeting POSTN and SOST may serve as a promising therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of SONFH.

scholarly journals Canonical Wnts function as potent regulators of osteogenesis by human mesenchymal stem cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guizhong Liu ◽  
Sapna Vijayakumar ◽  
Luca Grumolato ◽  
Randy Arroyave ◽  
HuiFang Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Bone Homeostasis

Genetic evidence indicates that Wnt signaling is critically involved in bone homeostasis. In this study, we investigated the functions of canonical Wnts on differentiation of adult multipotent human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in vitro and in vivo. We observe differential sensitivities of hMSCs to Wnt inhibition of osteogenesis versus adipogenesis, which favors osteoblastic commitment under binary in vitro differentiation conditions. Wnt inhibition of osteogenesis is associated with decreased expression of osteoblastic transcription factors and inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, which are involved in osteogenic differentiation. An hMSC subpopulation exhibits high endogenous Wnt signaling, the inhibition of which enhances osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation in vitro. In an in vivo bone formation model, high levels of Wnt signaling inhibit de novo bone formation by hMSCs. However, hMSCs with exogenous expression of Wnt1 but not stabilized β-catenin markedly stimulate bone formation by naive hMSCs, arguing for an important role of a canonical Wnt gradient in hMSC osteogenesis in vivo.

scholarly journals Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Incorporated Silk Fibroin as a Potential Bio-Scaffold in Guiding Bone Regeneration

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Sartika ◽  
Chih-Hsin Wang ◽  
Ding-Han Wang ◽  
Juin-Hong Cherng ◽  
Shu-Jen Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Matrix Deposition ◽  
Calvarial Defects

Recently, stem cell-based bone tissue engineering (BTE) has been recognized as a preferable and clinically significant strategy for bone repair. In this study, a pure 3D silk fibroin (SF) scaffold was fabricated as a BTE material using a lyophilization method. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of the SF scaffold with and without seeded human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) in facilitating bone regeneration. The effectiveness of the SF-hASCs scaffold was evaluated based on physical characterization, biocompatibility, osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in critical rat calvarial defects in vivo. The SF scaffold demonstrated superior biocompatibility and significantly promoted osteogenic differentiation of hASCs in vitro. At six and twelve weeks postimplantation, micro-CT showed no statistical difference in new bone formation amongst all groups. However, histological staining results revealed that the SF-hASCs scaffold exhibited a better bone extracellular matrix deposition in the defect regions compared to other groups. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed this result; expression of osteoblast-related genes (BMP-2, COL1a1, and OCN) with the SF-hASCs scaffold treatment was remarkably positive, indicating their ability to achieve effective bone remodeling. Thus, these findings demonstrate that SF can serve as a potential carrier for stem cells, to be used as an osteoconductive bioscaffold for BTE applications.

scholarly journals Apoptosis Repressor with Caspase Recruitment Domain (ARC) Promotes Bone Regeneration of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Activating Fgf-2/PI3K/Akt Signaling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longwei Hu ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Hongya Pan ◽  
Kathreena Kadir ◽  
Jin Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Caspase Recruitment Domain

Abstract Objectives: This study aims to investigate whether Apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) could promote survival and enhance osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow -derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Materials and methods: The lentivirus transfection method was used to establish ARC -overexpressing BMSCs. The CCK-8 method was used to detect cell proliferation. The BD Pharmingen™ APC Annexin V Apoptosis Detection kit was used to detect cell apoptosis. The osteogenic capacity was investigated by OCN immunofluorescence staining, ALP analysis, ARS assays and RT-PCR analysis. Cells were seeded into calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffolds and then inserted subcutaneously into nude mice and the defect area of the rat calvarium. Histological analysis was conducted to evaluate the in vivo cell apoptosis and new bone formation of the ARC -overexpressing BMSCs. RNA-seq was used to detect the possible mechanism of the effect of ARC on BMSCs. Results: ARC promoted BMSC proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis. ARC enhanced BMSC osteogenic differentiation in vitro. An in vivo study revealed that ARC can inhibit BMSC apoptosis and increase new bone formation. ARC regulates BMSCs mainly by activating the Fgf-2/PI3K/Akt pathway. Conclusions: The present study suggests that A RC is a powerful agent for promoting bone regeneration of BMSCs and provides a promising method for bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Identification of WNT16 as a Predictable Biomarker for Accelerated Osteogenic Differentiation of Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hee Kim ◽  
Kyung-Ah Cho ◽  
Hyun-Ji Lee ◽  
Minhwa Park ◽  
Han Su Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Single Cell Cloning

The application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for treating bone-related diseases shows promising outcomes in preclinical studies. However, cells that are isolated and defined as MSCs comprise a heterogeneous population of progenitors. This heterogeneity can produce variations in the performance of MSCs, especially in applications that require differentiation potential in vivo, such as the treatment of osteoporosis. Here, we aimed to identify genetic markers in tonsil-derived MSCs (T-MSCs) that can predict osteogenic potential. Using a single-cell cloning method, we isolated and established several lines of nondifferentiating (ND) or osteoblast-prone (OP) clones. Next, we performed transcriptome sequencing of three ND and three OP clones that maintained the characteristics of MSCs and determined the top six genes that were upregulated in OP clones. Upregulation of WNT16 and DCLK1 expression was confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR, but only WNT16 expression was correlated with the osteogenic differentiation of T-MSCs from 10 different donors. Collectively, our findings suggest that WNT16 is a putative genetic marker that predicts the osteogenic potential of T-MSCs. Thus, examination of WNT16 expression as a selection criterion prior to the clinical application of MSCs may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of stem cell therapy for bone-related complications, including osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Amniotic Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cells Is Determined by Epigenetic Changes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Glemžaitė ◽  
Rūta Navakauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Human Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 ◽  
Cell Staining

Osteogenic differentiation of human amniotic fluid derived mesenchymal stem cells (AF-MSCs) has been widely studiedin vitroandin vivoas a potential tool for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. While most of the studies analyze changes in transcriptional profile during differentiation to date there is not much information regarding epigenetic changes in AF-MSCs during differentiation. The aim of our study was to evaluate epigenetic changes during osteogenic differentiation of AF-MS cells. Isolated AF-MSCs were characterized morphologically and osteogenic differentiation was confirmed by cell staining and determining expression of alkaline phosphatase and osteopontin by RT-qPCR. Variation in gene expression levels of pluripotency markers and specific microRNAs were also evaluated. Analysis of epigenetic changes revealed that levels of chromatin modifying enzymes such as Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) proteins (EZH2 and SUZ12), DNMT1, HDAC1, and HDAC2 were reduced after osteogenic differentiation of AF-MSCs. We demonstrated that the level of specific histone markers keeping active state of chromatin (H3K4me3, H3K9Ac, and others) increased and markers of repressed state of chromatin (H3K27me3) decreased. Our results show that osteogenic differentiation of AF-MSCs is conducted by various epigenetic alterations resulting in global chromatin remodeling and provide insights for further epigenetic investigations in human AF-MSCs.

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